Chestnut-headed tanager
{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Pyrrhocoma ruficeps - Chestnut-headed Tanager (male); São Bento do Sapucai, São Paulo, Brazil.jpg
| image_caption = male
| image2 = Thlypopsis pyrrhocoma - Chestnut-headed Tanager (female); Monteiro Lobato, São Paulo, Brazil.jpg
| image2_caption = female
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| taxon = Thlypopsis pyrrhocoma
| authority = Burns, KJ, Unitt & Mason, NA, 2016
| synonyms =
Tachyphonus ruficeps
Pyrrhocoma ruficeps
| range_map = Thlypopsis pyrrhocoma map.svg
}}
The chestnut-headed tanager (Thlypopsis pyrrhocoma) is a species of bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is found in the Atlantic Forest of southeast Brazil, eastern Paraguay, and far northeastern Argentina. It was formerly the only member of the genus Pyrrhocoma but is now placed in Thlypopsis.
Taxonomy
The chestnut-headed tanager was formally described in 1844 by the English naturalist Hugh Edwin Strickland under the binomial name Tachyphonus ruficeps.{{ cite journal | last=Strickland | first=Hugh Edwin | author-link=Hugh Edwin Strickland | year=1844 | title=Descriptions of several new or imperfectly-defined genera and species of birds | journal=Annals and Magazine of Natural History | volume=13 | pages=409–421 [419] | doi=10.1080/03745484409442625 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2287123 }} The species was subsequently placed in the monotypic genus Pyrrhocoma by the German ornithologist Jean Cabanis.{{ cite book | last1=Cabanis | first1=Jean | author1-link=Jean Cabanis | last2=Heine | first2=Ferdinand | author2-link=Ferdinand Heine | year=1851 | title=Museum Heineanum : Verzeichniss der ornithologischen Sammlung des Oberamtmann Ferdinand Heine, auf Gut St. Burchard vor Halberstadt | volume=1 | language=German, Latin | place=Halberstadt | publisher=R. Frantz | page=138 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49584517 }} A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that the chestnut-headed tanager was embedded in a clade containing members of the genus Thlypopsis.{{cite journal| last1=Burns | first1=K.J. | last2=Shultz | first2=A.J. | last3=Title | first3=P.O. | last4=Mason | first4=N.A. | last5=Barker | first5=F.K. | last6=Klicka | first6=J. | last7=Lanyon | first7=S.M. | last8=Lovette | first8=I.J. | year=2014 | title=Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution| volume=75| pages=41–77 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.006 | pmid=24583021 | url=https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3613&context=biosci_pubs | url-access=subscription }} The genera were therefore merged but as Thlypopsis already contained the rust-and-yellow tanager as Thlypopsis ruficeps d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837, a new specific epithet pyrrhocoma was coined for the chestnut-headed tanager, using the earlier generic name "to communicate past taxonomic connections".{{ cite journal | last1=Burns | first1=K.J. | last2=Unitt | first2=P. | last3=Mason | first3=N.A. | year=2016 | title=A genus-level classification of the family Thraupidae (Class Aves: Order Passeriformes) | journal=Zootaxa | volume=4088 | issue=3 | pages=329–354 | doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4088.3.2 | pmid=27394344 }}{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=July 2020 | title=Tanagers and allies | work=IOC World Bird List Version 10.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/tanagers/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=18 October 2020 }} The name comes from the Ancient Greek purrhokomēs meaning "red-haired".{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | page=326 }} The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.
Description
The chestnut-headed tanager is strongly sexual dimorphic: the male is a predominantly grey bird with a chestnut-brown head and a black mask. The female is olive green above and grey below, with a hint of rust on the crown.
The song consists of a very bright "pseee-pseee-pseee, twee-tweee-tweee".
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1042599}}
Category:Birds of the Atlantic Forest
Category:Birds of the Selva Misionera
{{Thraupidae-stub}}