Chestnut-rumped heathwren

The chestnut-rumped heathwren was first described by the Irish zoologist Nicholas Aylward Vigors and the American physician and naturalist Thomas Horsfield in 1827. The generic name Hylacola derives from the Greek hylē 'woodland' and the Latin -cola 'dweller'.{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling|title=Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird-names|last=Jobling|first=James A.|access-date = 2020-04-18}} The specific epithet pyrrhopygia derives from Greek pyrrhos 'flame-coloured, red' and {{lang|grc|pyge}} 'rump'. It is also known colloquially as the scrub warbler.

There are three subspecies: Hylacola pyrrhopygia pyrrhopygia in New South Wales and Victoria; H. p. parkeri in the Mt Lofty Ranges of South Australia; and H. p. pedleri in the southern Flinders Ranges of South Australia.Gregory, P. (2020). "Chestnut-rumped Heathwren (Hylacola pyrrhopygia), version 1.0." In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.chrhea1.01

The chestnut-rumped heathwren is a small bushland bird with an olive-brown back with conspicuous reddish-brown rump and tail coverts.Simpson, Ken, Day, N. and Trusler, P. (6th edn., 1999). Field Guide to the Birds of Australia. Ringwood, Victoria: Penguin Books Australia {{ISBN|067087918-5}}. It has a streaked brown-on-white chest and the belly and rear flanks are grey-buff. There is a dark subterminal band with a white tip on the usually erect tail. Both sexes have a dull white eyebrow; eyes are yellow, while bill, legs, and feet are grey.{{cite web|title=Chestnut-rumped Heathwren|url=http://www.mdahlem.net/birds/17/chrhwren.php|website=Mdahlem.net}} There are only small differences between the subspecies that are not easily recognised in the field. It measures {{convert|14|cm|in|abbr=on}} in length.

The chestnut-rumped heathwren occurs in southeastern Australia from the Granite Belt of southeast Queensland through eastern New South Wales, Victoria, and southeast South Australia.Morcombe, Michael (2012) Field Guide to Australian Birds. Pascal Press, Glebe, NSW. Revised edition. {{ISBN|978174021417-9}}{{cite web|url=https://birdata.birdlife.org.au/explore#map=-27.8587126_141.4881509_5&species_id=498|title=Birdata map:chestnut-rumped heathwren|access-date=2020-04-17}} In Victoria, it ranges inland to the Grampians and Bendigo region, but is more usual in coastal parts.Pizzey, Graham; Doyle, Roy (1980) A Field Guide to the Birds of Australia. Collins Publishers, Sydney. {{ISBN|073222436-5}} In New South Wales, it occurs inland as far as the Warrumbungles and Temora. Scattered populations occur in the Flinders and Mt Lofty Ranges, and the Fleurieu Peninsula of South Australia. Its preferred habitats are heaths of coastal, mountain and hinterland areas, and the dense undergrowth of forests and woodland.Slater, Peter (1974) A Field Guide to Australian Birds: Passerines. Adelaide: Rigby. {{ISBN|085179813-6}} It is sedentary and uncommon within its range.

The chestnut-rumped heathwren is usually shy and secretive until the breeding season from July to November, when both sexes will sing from a perch on a bush, though still staying partly concealed. Its song is a rich, melodious warbling chi-chi-tu-weet, kwe-reep, and suchlike notes in great variety, blended with mimicry of other birds. It also makes a harsh or scolding zeet on contact or alarm. The chestnut-rumped heathwren builds a domed or globular nest on or near the ground in tussocks or dense shrubs. The nest is composed of dry grass stems, bark fibre and rootlets, often appearing untidy. A clutch of three or four eggs is laid and usually incubated by the female for 14-16 days. The eggs, measuring {{convert|20|by|15|mm|in|abbr=on}}, are salmon-pink, freckled with light chocolate-brown, more so at the larger end.

The chestnut-rumped heathwren forages singly, in pairs or small parties, occasionally with mixed species flocks of other Acanthiza species and variegated fairywrens (Malurus lamberti). Its diet consists of arthropods, including flies (Diptera), spiders (Araneae), moths and their larvae (Lepidoptera), ants (Formicidae), cicadas (Cicadidae), and cockroach egg-sacs (Blattodea). It also eats the seeds of various grass species.

Although the population of chestnut heathwrens is declining, the species is currently classified as Least Concern by the IUCN. However, it is listed as Endangered in South Australia{{cite web|url=http://www.naturalresources.sa.gov.au/files/sharedassets/public/plants_and_animals/threatened_species/pa-fact-chestnutrumpedheathwrenmountloftyranges.pdf|publisher=Natural Resources: Adelaide and Mt Lofty Ranges|title=Threatened Species Profile:Chestnut-rumped Heathwren (Mount Lofty Ranges)}} and Vulnerable in Victoria,{{cite book | author = Victorian Department of Sustainability and Environment | title = Advisory List of Threatened Vertebrate Fauna in Victoria - 2007 | publisher = Department of Sustainability and Environment | year = 2007 | location = East Melbourne, Victoria | pages = 15 | isbn = 978-1-74208-039-0 }} with continued fragmentation and loss of habitat, and predation by introduced predators, being regarded as the main pressures.

{{Reflist | refs =

{{cite book | title = Birds of Australia: A Photographic Guide | first = Iain | last = Campbell | first2 = Sam | last2 = Woods | first3 = Nick | last3 = Leseberg | year = 2015 | location = Princeton, NJ, US | publisher = Princeton University Press | page = 248 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=wFMCBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA248 | isbn = 978-0-691-15727-6}}

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{{Commonscat|Calamanthus pyrrhopygius}}

{{Wikispecies|Calamanthus pyrrhopygius}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q27075266}}

chestnut-rumped heathwren

Category:Birds of New South Wales

Category:Birds of South Australia

Category:Endemic birds of Australia

chestnut-rumped heathwren

Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot

Category:Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN