Chieveley

File:Harvested Land on Grange Farm, Newbury - geograph.org.uk - 35867.jpg on Grange Farm, Chieveley]]

A map of 1877 gave the area{{Fix|text=of the parish?}} as {{convert|5328|acre|km2}}. The landscape is of gently rolling chalk hills. The land is predominantly arable with some dairy, sheep and pigs. There is a healthy quantity of woodland and abundant wildlife. There is a network of green lanes and footpaths that afford good walking. The northern end of Chieveley village is known as Downend. As well as Chieveley, the civil parish also consists of the village of Curridge and the hamlets of Oare and Snelsmore Common. The original parish also included Leckhampstead and Winterbourne as well.

The structure has been much affected by roads. The M4 motorway, opened in 1971, passes east–west through the middle of the parish and has done much to cut Curridge and Oare off from Chieveley. The A34, a major trunk road, running north–south, quarters the parish. Its path has moved several times, the most recent development being a change to Junction 13 that opened in Autumn 2004. Chieveley services is at junction 13 of the M4, where these two roads meet. The landscape is dominated by farming. There are currently three working farms in the parish. Other industries include a garden centre, land-fill site, hotels, a baker and some small businesses.{{citation needed|date=November 2023}}

File:Early medieval coin, Penny of Edward the Confessor (FindID 449093).jpg, found in Chieveley in 2010 and dated to {{circa|1062|1065}}{{cite web |url= https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/449093 |title=Finds record for: SUR-E4F814 |last= Broomfield |first= M. |date= 29 June 2011 |orig-date= 19 June 2011 |access-date=4 September 2023 |publisher=The Portable Antiquities Scheme}}]]

There is archeological evidence that indicates early settlement in the area. The parish has an Iron Age hillfort in Snelsmore, called Bussock Camp. This is in private grounds, but is visible in May when they are opened to the public to view the bluebells. The name Chieveley is said to be derived from "Field of Chives". The Women's Institute's Berkshire Book assures the reader that chives were noted in the area as far back as 951. This is the same year that King Eadred gave the village to his bailiff, Wulf. The Domesday Book of 1086 says this of Chieveley:

{{blockquote|In Rowbury Hundred

The abbey itself holds Chieveley. It has always held it. TRE (in the reign of Edward the Confessor) it was assessed at 27 hides; now at 7½ hides with land for 20 ploughs. In demesne are 3 ploughs; and 28 villains and 10 bordars with 18 ploughs. There are 3 slaves, and {{convert|4|acre|m2}} of meadow, [and] woodland for 60 pigs. Of this land William holds of the abbot 5 hides, and Godfrey 1½ hides, and there is 1 plough, with 3 villains and 2 bordars having 1 plough, and {{convert|3|acre|m2}} of meadow. The whole, TRE and afterwards, was worth 12l; now the abbot's portion is worth 10l; that of his men 50s. shillings}}

This text is a structured shorthand tax assessment and identifies 39 men, many of whom would have had their own households, and three serfs, a form of slavery done away with early in the feudal system, generally in the era of Magna Carta. In August 1207, King John seems to have had a good few days' hunting in West Berkshire. He is reported in Curridge on the 3rd and Chieveley on the 5th.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}} Chieveley once had its own maypole, on the site now occupied by Maypole Cottage (on the corner of the High Street and Church Lane).

It is likely that there was a Saxon church before it was replaced by the Normans.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}} The present church is a Grade II* listed building and visible parts date from the 13th century. The chancel and lower stage of the bell tower date from then with the upper part of the tower from the following century. The 15th century saw the insertion of a window in the south-west of the chancel and the font is of this period. The church was heavily restored in the 19th century including rendering and buttresses outside.{{National Heritage List for England|num=1220107|desc=Church of St Mary|grade=II*|access-date=30 August 2021}} Chieveley parish registers start on 10 April 1560.{{Cite web |date=2023-06-29 |title=Chieveley with Winterbourne and Oare Berkshire Family History Guide |url=https://www.parishmouse.co.uk/berkshire/chieveley-with-winterbourne-and-oare-berkshire-family-history-guide/ |access-date=2023-11-02 |website=Berkshire Family History Guides – Free}} There are still several families in the area who were recorded in those annals. The first vicar of Chieveley was Elias, appointed in 1154.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}}

The church is equipped with eight bells (tenor {{long ton||11|0|3}} in F) hung for English style change ringing. Two of the bells pre-date the Commonwealth period, the number 6 ({{long ton||7|0|24}} in A) of 1584 (founder Joseph Carter) and the number 4 ({{long ton||5|1|21}} in C) of 1633 (founder Ellis I Knight). In addition there is a Sanctus bell.{{cite web|title=Chieveley, Berkshire, S Mary V |work=Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers|url=https://dove.cccbr.org.uk/tower/15971|access-date=4 September 2023|editor-last=Love|editor-first=Dickon|date=2023}}

Chieveley is served by bus services 6, 6A and 107 from Newbury.[http://www.newburyanddistrict.co.uk/pdf/jan13/connect-service-6-and-6A-%28effective-from-18-Feb-2013%29.pdf Services 6 and 6A] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130819070346/http://newburyanddistrict.co.uk/pdf/jan13/connect-service-6-and-6A-(effective-from-18-Feb-2013).pdf |date=19 August 2013 }} Newbury and District buses

• Robert Goff, Baron Goff of Chieveley (1926–2016), Senior Law Lord (1996–1998), Lord of Appeal in Ordinary (1986–1998), who lived in Chieveley House
• The mother of Lord Chief Justice Holt.{{citation needed|date=December 2014}}

{{reflist}}

• Much of the text for this page was originally taken, with permission, from [http://www.MyChieveley.co.uk MyChieveley.co.uk].

• [https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/berks/vol4/pp55-70 British History Online: Chieveley Parish]

{{Commons category-inline|Chieveley}}

{{West Berkshire}}

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Category:Villages in Berkshire

Category:Civil parishes in Berkshire

Category:West Berkshire District