Chiloglottis reflexa
{{Short description|Species of orchid}}
{{Use Australian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Short-clubbed wasp orchid
| image = Chiloglottis reflexa.jpg
| image_caption = Chiloglottis reflexa near Steiglitz
| status =
| status_system =
| taxon = Chiloglottis reflexa
| authority = (Labill.) Druce{{cite web |title=Chiloglottis reflexa |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/64825 |website=Australian Plant Census |accessdate=20 March 2023}}
| synonyms =
- Acianthus bifolius R.Br. nom. illeg., nom. superfl.
- Arethusa reflexa (Labill.) Sw.
- Chiloglottis sp. 1
- Cyrtostylis reflexa (Labill.) Spreng.
- Epipactis reflexa Labill.
- Chiloglottis diphylla auct. non R.Br.: Rodway, L. (1903)
- Chiloglottis trilabra auct. non Fitzg.: Jones, D.L. in Banks, D.P. (ed.) (1998)
}}
File:Chiloglottis reflexa (green form) in cultivation.png
Chiloglottis reflexa, commonly known as the short-clubbed wasp orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to the south-eastern Australia. It has two broad leaves and a single greenish-bronze or purplish flower with an ant-like callus covering most of the top of the labellum.
Description
Chiloglottis reflexa is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with two egg-shaped to elliptic leaves {{convert|20-60|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|10-30|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. A single greenish-bronze or purplish flower {{convert|22-28|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|10-12|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide is borne on a flowering stem {{convert|60-100|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} high. The dorsal sepal is spatula-shaped, {{convert|10-15|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|2-3.5|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. The lateral sepals are linear, {{convert|10-13|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, less than {{convert|1|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide and curve downwards. There is a glandular tip {{convert|1-2.5|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long on the end of the dorsal sepal and {{convert|1.5-3.5|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long on the lateral sepals. The petals are oblong, {{convert|8-11|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, about {{convert|2.5|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide and turned downwards near the ovary. The labellum is held horizontally, diamond-shaped, {{convert|8-11|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|5-7|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. The callus resembles a large black ant surrounded by thin, stalked glands and covers most of the labellum. The column has narrow wings. Flowering occurs from December to May.{{cite book|last1=Jones|first1=David L.|title=A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories|date=2006|publisher=New Holland|location=Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.|isbn=1877069124|pages =139–140}}{{cite web|last1=Jones|first1=David L.|title=Chiloglottis reflexa|url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Chiloglottis~reflexa|publisher=Royal Botanic Garden Sydney|accessdate=22 April 2018}}{{cite web|last1=Jeanes|first1=Jeff|title=Chiloglottis reflexa|url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/76a3e8ee-c9a2-4697-a583-52f90e93db43|publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria|accessdate=22 April 2018}}
Taxonomy and naming
This orchid species was first formally described in 1806 by Jacques Labillardière who gave it the name Epipactis reflexa and published the description in Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen.{{cite web|title=Epipactis reflexa|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/537091|publisher=APNI|accessdate=22 April 2018}} In 1917 George Claridge Druce changed the name to Chiloglottis reflexa.{{cite web|title=Chiloglottis reflexa|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/471610|publisher=APNI|accessdate=22 April 2018}} The specific epithet (reflexa) is a Latin word meaning "bent" or "turned back".{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.|page=139}}
Distribution and habitat
The short-clubbed wasp orchid grows in a wide range of habitats but is most common in coastal and near-coastal forest and heath. It occurs in New South Wales south from the Blue Mountains, in southern Victoria and in Tasmania.
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
External links
- {{Commons-inline|2=Chiloglottis reflexa}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q15495215}}
Category:Orchids of New South Wales