Chiloglottis seminuda
{{Short description|Species of orchid}}
{{Use Australian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Turtle orchid
| image = Chiloglottis seminuda.jpg
| image_caption =
| status =
| status_system =
| taxon = Chiloglottis seminuda
| authority = D.L.Jones{{WCSP | 38983 | Chiloglottis seminuda }}
| synonyms_ref =
| synonyms =
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File:Chiloglottis seminuda Macarthur.jpg
Chiloglottis seminuda, commonly known as the turtle orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to south-eastern New South Wales. It has two broad leaves and a single green or reddish pink flower with a shiny black insect-like callus covering two-thirds of the base of the labellum but with the tip of the labellum free of callus.
Description
Chiloglottis pluricallata is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with two elliptic to oblong leaves {{convert|25-85|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|10-18|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide on a petiole {{convert|5-20|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long. A single green to reddish pink flower {{convert|10-14|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long is borne on a flowering stem {{convert|100-150|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} high. The dorsal sepal is erect, narrow spatula-shaped, {{convert|10-15|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|2.5-3|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} wide. The lateral sepals are linear, {{convert|13-18|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, about {{convert|1|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide, turn downwards and away from each other. There is a glandular tip {{convert|2-2.5|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long on the end of the dorsal sepal and about {{convert|3-7|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long on the lateral sepals. The petals are narrow oblong, {{convert|8-11|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|2-3|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide and turn downwards towards the ovary. The labellum is diamond-shaped, {{convert|8-10|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|5-6.5|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. There is a shiny black, insect-like callus {{convert|1.8|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, occupying two-thirds of its base. The callus is surrounded by pinkish, club-shaped calli and by short black calli nearer the tip. The remaining one-third of the labellum is devoid of calli. The column is pale green with dark purple spots and flecks, {{convert|6.5-7.5|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long, about {{convert|2|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide with narrow wings. Flowering occurs from January to April.{{cite book|last1=Jones|first1=David L.|title=A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories|date=2006|publisher=New Holland|location=Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.|isbn=1877069124|page =140}}{{cite journal|last1=Jones|first1=David L.|title=New taxa of Australian Orchidaceae|journal=Australian Orchid Research|date=1991|volume=2|page=41}}{{cite web|last1=Jones|first1=David L.|title=Chiloglottis seminuda|url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Chiloglottis~seminuda|publisher=Royal Botanic Garden Sydney|access-date=22 April 2018}}{{cite web|last1=Jeanes|first1=Jeff|last2=Stajsic|first2=Val|title=Chiloglottis seminuda|url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/2f239c24-229c-41e3-9838-826e394b0614|publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria|access-date=22 April 2018}}
Taxonomy and naming
Chiloglottis seminuda was first formally described in 1991 by David Jones from a specimen collected near Penrose and the description was published in Australian Orchid Research.{{cite web|title=Chiloglottis seminuda|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/551602|publisher=APNI|access-date=22 April 2018}} The specific epithet (seminuda) is derived from the Latin prefix semi- meaning "a half"{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.}}{{rp|695}} and nuda meaning "bare" or "naked",{{rp|123}} referring to the bare one-third of the tip of the labellum.
Distribution and habitat
The turtle orchid grows in moist forest mainly between the Blue Mountains and Clyde Mountain but there are several isolated records from Victoria.
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
External links
- {{Wikispecies-inline|2=Chiloglottis seminuda}}
- {{Commons-inline|2=Chiloglottis seminuda}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q15495497}}
Category:Orchids of New South Wales