China Railways DFH mainline locomotives
{{short description|Class of Chinese diesel-hydraulic locomotives}}
{{Infobox locomotive
| name = DFH1, DFH3, DFH4
{{lang|zh|东方红1、东方红3、东方红4}}
| powertype =Diesel-hydraulic
| image = China Railways Dongfanghong3 locomotive.jpg
| alt =
| caption = DFH3-0009 at Beijing Railway Museum (2010)
| builder = DFH1: Sifang
DFH3: Sifang
DFH4 Sifang, Ziyang, Qishuyan
{{flag|China}}
| ordernumber =
| serialnumber =
| buildmodel =
| builddate = DFH1 1959‡
1964-1972 (series)
DFH3 1976-87
DFH4 1969-81
| totalproduction = DFH1 109
DFH3 268
DFH4 6
| rebuilder =
| rebuilddate =
| numberrebuilt =
| aarwheels =
| uicclass = DFH1,DFH3 B’B’
DFH4 6 axle
| gauge = {{RailGauge|1435mm}}
| trucks =
| bogies =
| wheeldiameter = DF1, DF3 {{convert|1050|mm|in|2|abbr=on}}
DF4 ?
| trailingdiameter =
| minimumcurve = DF1, DF3 {{convert|145|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
DF4 ?
| wheelbase =
| length = DFH1 {{convert|16.550|m|ftin|1|abbr=on}}[http://www.kepu.net.cn/gb/technology/railway/railway_engine/200402020027.html 东方红型内燃机车], DFH Diesel locomotives, "kepu.net.cn"
DFH3 {{convert|17.970|m|ftin|1|abbr=on}}
| width = DFH1 {{convert|3.106|m|ftin|2|abbr=on}}
DFH3 {{convert|3.279|m|ftin|2|abbr=on}}
| height = DFH1 {{convert|4.516|m|ftin|2|abbr=on}}
DFH3 {{convert|4.450|m|ftin|2|abbr=on}}
| axleload =
| weightondrivers =
| locoweight = DFH1 {{convert|84|t|0|abbr=on}}
DFH3 92t
| fueltype =
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| lubecap =
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| consumption =
| watercons =
| primemover = DFH1 2 of 12V175Z, 12V180Z or 12V175ZL
DFH3 12V180JZ
DFH4 2 of 12V200ZL later 12V200ZJ
| rpmrange =
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| aspiration =
| displacement =
| alternator =
| generator =
| tractionmotors =
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| transmission = DFH1 hydraulic 12175Z (2 of)[http://news.workercn.cn/contentfile/2009/09/15/020634542952552.html 新闻资料：东方红型内燃机车] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723122749/http://news.workercn.cn/contentfile/2009/09/15/020634542952552.html |date=2011-07-23 }}, DFH locomotive, news.workercn.cn
| multipleworking =
| maxspeed = DFH1 {{convert|140|km/h|abbr=on}}*, {{convert|120|km/h|abbr=on}}†
DFH3 {{convert|120|km/h|abbr=on}}
| poweroutput = DFH1 {{convert|1060|kW|abbr=on}}*, {{convert|1220|kW|abbr=on}}†
DFH3 2*{{convert|730|kW|abbr=on}}, 2*{{convert|820|kW|abbr=on}}¤
DFH4 {{convert|3308|kW|abbr=on}}¶
| tractiveeffort = DFH1{{convert|250|kN|abbr=on}} / {{convert|270|kN|abbr=on}} (maximum)
DFH3 {{convert|271|kN|abbr=on}} (maximum)
| factorofadhesion =
| trainheating =
| locobrakes =
| locobrakeforce =
| trainbrakes =
| safety =
|operator ={{flagicon|China}} China Railway
{{flagicon|North Korea}} Korean State Railway
| operatorclass =
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| notes =* First 73 units
† Final 36 units
‡ NY1 prototype
¤ Two units produced in 1986 of higher power
¶ First units produced were of higher power
}}
The China Railways DFH1 ({{zh|s=东方红1}}) was a type of 4-axle B'B' single-cab diesel-hydraulic locomotive used on mainline passenger services; the DFH3 ({{zh|s=东方红3}}) was a later development of a similar design but with two driving cabs.
The China Railways DFH4 ({{zh|s=东方红4}}) was a 6-axle high-powered freight and passenger locomotive, it did not reach mass production.
China Railways DFH1
File:China Railways Weixing.jpg
File:DFH1-4245 (Beijing).jpg]]
The first prototype unit (NY1) (neiran yeli chuandong meaning diesel-hydraulic transmission)[http://www.railwaysofchina.com/diesel_locos.htm#nd ND and NY prefixes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091003125655/http://www.railwaysofchina.com/diesel_locos.htm#nd |date=2009-10-03 }}, www.railwaysofchina.com was produced in 1959 at Sifang locomotive works, and given the name 'Weixing'.
Locomotive design was similar to German diesel-hydraulic machines such as the DB Class V 200 - the machine had a pair of high-speed diesel engines, each driving a separate hydraulic torque converter based transmission resulting in low mass compared to contemporary diesel-electric machines.
Series production began in 1964. The locomotive was used for passenger trains. The locomotives could be worked in multiple, and were often used in this way, with a cab at each end. They operated on the Beijing Shenyang passenger trains.[http://www.railography.co.uk/info/cn_diesels/p12.htm DFH1 Class B'-B' Diesel-Hydraulics], www.railography.co.uk
China Railways DFH3
The DFH3 shares the same twin engine and twin hydraulic transmission as the DFH1 but is a two-cab design.
File:North Korean DFH3 923.jpg
File:DFH3 In Namyong station - panoramio.jpg livery at Namyang Station on the Hambuk Line.]]
The production of the DFH3 follows on from the DFH1. The class were used on passenger trains in northeast China, by 2010 most had been displaced, and some are believed to being used in industrial service.[http://www.railography.co.uk/info/cn_diesels/p13.htm DFH3 Class B'-B' Diesel-Hydraulics], www.railography.co.uk
=North Korea=
Between 2000 and 2002, thirty second-hand DFH3 were imported by the Korean State Railway for operation in North Korea,[http://www.cchere.com/topic/3893100 朝鲜铁路机车车辆概况一览] numbered 내연901 to 내연930, although 내연903 is a Beijing class locomotive.Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), {{ISBN|978-4-10-303731-6}} Many are still in their original Chinese livery of blue and white, but some have been repainted into several different liveries, including the standard North Korean light blue over dark green, along with non-standard schemes of white over green, green with a yellow stripe, and green with a white stripe.
China Railways DFH4
File:China Railways DFH4 2001.jpg
The Qishuyan Ziyang Diesel locomotive works manufactured six locomotives of type DFH4 between 1969 and 1981. The first unit was produced in 1969 with an overall {{convert|5000|hp|kW|abbr=on}} machine with twin engine and hydraulic transmission. Two {{convert|4500|hp|kW|abbr=on}} machines were produced in 1971 and 1974. Between 1975 and 1981 the Ziyang plant investigated the manufacture of further locomotives using the 12V200ZJ engine.[http://www.fjsen.com/zhuanti/2009-05/13/content_85914.htm 东方红4型(DFH4)内燃机车], Donfang Hong (DFH4) Diesel locomotive, Fjsen
Preserved locomotives
One unit, locomotive number DFH1 4290 is an exhibit at the Beijing China Railway Museum, all other units have been destroyed[http://www.tieliu.com.cn/zhishi/Print.asp?ArticleID=99908 东方红1型机车安家铁博] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130407151939/http://www.tieliu.com.cn/zhishi/Print.asp?ArticleID=99908 |date=2013-04-07 }} (information on the preservation of DFH1 4290), www.tieliu.com.cn except DFH1 4222 which is believed to be at the locomotive museum in Shenyang.[http://www.railwaysofchina.com/preserved.htm Preserved Locomotives] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715150940/http://www.railwaysofchina.com/preserved.htm |date=2011-07-15 }}, www.railwaysofchina.com The Beijing museum also stores DFH3 0009.
See also
- China Railways DFH shunting locomotives, Contemporary Chinese diesel-hydraulic locomotives used primarily for shunting
References
{{reflist}}
{{commons category|China Railways DFH1}}
{{commons category|China Railways DFH3}}
{{Locomotives of China}}
{{DPRKloco}}
Category:Locomotives of North Korea
Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of China
Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of North Korea
Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1959
Category:CRRC Qingdao Sifang locomotives