Chlamyphoridae

{{Short description|Family of armadillos}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| fossil_range = Middle Eocene to present

| image = SouthernThreeBandedArmadillo065b.jpg

| image_caption = Southern three-banded armadillo (Tolypeutes matacus)

| image2 = Doedicurus.gif

| image2_caption = Illustration of a skeleton of Doedicurus clavicaudatus

| taxon = Chlamyphoridae

| authority = Bonaparte, 1850

| type_genus = Chlamyphorus

| type_genus_authority = Harlan, 1825

| subdivision_ranks = Subfamilies

| subdivision = *Chlamyphorinae

• Euphractinae
• †Glyptodontinae
• †Pampatheriinae
• Tolypeutinae

| range_map = Chlamyphoridae Range map.jpg

}}

File:Chlamyphorus truncatus - Naturmuseum Senckenberg - DSC02081.JPG)]]

Chlamyphoridae is a family of cingulate mammals. While glyptodonts have traditionally been considered stem-group cingulates outside the group that contains modern armadillos, there had been speculation that the extant family Dasypodidae could be paraphyletic based on morphological evidence.Simpson, G. G. (1945). The principles of classification and a classification of mammals. Bull. Amer. Museum Nat. History., 85.{{cite journal | last1 = Grassé | first1 = P. P. | year = 1955 | title = Ordre des édentés | journal = Traité de zoologie | volume = 17 | issue = 2| pages = 1182–1246 }}Engelmann, G. F. (1985). The phylogeny of the Xenarthra. The evolution and ecology of armadillos, sloths, and vermilinguas. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, 51-64.Wible, J. R. (2006). 6 The Phylogeny of Living and Extinct Armadillos (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Cingulata): A Craniodental Analysis. Amniote Paleobiology: Perspectives on the Evolution of Mammals, Birds, and Reptiles: University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 153-198. In 2016, an analysis of Doedicurus mtDNA found it was, in fact, nested within the modern armadillos as the sister group of a clade consisting of Chlamyphorinae and Tolypeutinae.{{cite journal|last1=Delsuc|first1= F.|last2= Gibb|first2=G. C.|last3=Kuch|first3=M. |last4=Billet|first4=G.|last5= Hautier|first5=L.|last6=Southon|first6= J.|last7= Rouillard|first7=J.-M.|last8=Fernicola|first8=J. C.|last9=Vizcaíno|first9=S. F.|last10=MacPhee|first10=R. D. E.|last11= Poinar|first11=H. N.|title=The phylogenetic affinities of the extinct glyptodonts|journal=Current Biology|volume= 26|issue=4|date= 2016-02-22|pages=R155–R156|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2016.01.039|url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01879335|pmid=26906483|doi-access=free|bibcode= 2016CBio...26.R155D|hdl=11336/49579|hdl-access=free}}{{cite journal |author1=Gillian C. Gibb |author2=Fabien L. Condamine |author3=Melanie Kuch |author4=Jacob Enk |author5=Nadia Moraes-Barros |author6=Mariella Superina |author7=Hendrik N. Poinar |author8=Frédéric Delsuc |year=2016 |title=Shotgun Mitogenomics Provides a Reference Phylogenetic Framework and Timescale for Living Xenarthrans |journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution |volume= 33|issue=3 |pages= 621–642|doi=10.1093/molbev/msv250 |pmid=26556496 |pmc=4760074}} For this reason, all extant armadillos but Dasypus were relocated to a new family. The scientific name comes from Ancient Greek {{lang|grc|χλαμύς}} ({{transliteration|grc|khlamús}}), "cloak", and {{lang|grc|φόρος}} ({{transliteration|grc|phóros}}), "bearing".{{cn|date=March 2025}}

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