Chromium(III) perchlorate
{{Chembox
|ImageFile=Craq6&3ClO4.svg
| OtherNames = Chromium(III) perchlorate; Chromium triperchlorate
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| index1_label=hexahydrate
| CASNo = 13537-21-8
| CASNo1 = 55147-94-9
| ChemSpiderID1 = 21241320
| ChemSpiderID = 55552
| PubChem = 61644
| PubChem1 = 12987845
| DTXSID = DTXSID40890669
| DTXSID1 = DTXSID00514430
| EINECS = 236-905-4
| SMILES = [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[Cr+3]
| InChI = 1S/3ClHO4.Cr/c3*2-1(3,4)5;/h3*(H,2,3,4,5);/q;;;+3/p-3
| InChIKey = ZKJMJQVGBCLHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-K
| InChI1=1S/3ClHO4.Cr.6H2O/c3*2-1(3,4)5;;;;;;;/h3*(H,2,3,4,5);;6*1H2/q;;;+3;;;;;;/p-3
| InChIKey1 = AWECJTDFTJYSGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K
| SMILES1 = O.O.O.O.O.O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[Cr+3]
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = Cr(ClO4)3
| MolarMass = 350.3489
| Appearance = cyan solid
| Solubility = anhydrous: 58 g/100 mL (25 °C)
hexahydrate: 130 g/100 mL (20 °C)
| SolubleOther =soluble in ethanol}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards = poisonous
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS08}}
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|H271|H315|H319|H335}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|}}
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherCompounds= chromium(III) chloride
chromium chlorate}}
}}
Chromium(III) perchlorate is an inorganic compound, a salt with the chemical formula Cr(ClO4)3. It's hexahydrate Cr(ClO4)3·6H2O is a cyan solid that dissolves in water.
Preparation
Chromium perchlorate can prepared by reacting chromium(III) oxide or chromium(III) hydroxide with perchloric acid:
:Cr2O3 + 6HClO4 → 2Cr(ClO4)3 + 3H2O
Hydrates
Chromium perchlorate has many hydrates, such as the hexahydrate Cr(ClO4)3·6H2O{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VVezDAAAQBAJ&pg=SA4-PA57|title=CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|edition=97|editor=William M. Haynes|publisher=CRC Press|year=2016|pages= 4–57|isbn=9781498754293}} and a nonahydrate Cr(ClO4)3·9H2O.[http://chromium.atomistry.com/chromium_perchlorate.html Chromium Perchlorate] All of them are cyan substances that are soluble in water.
Related compounds
- Cr(ClO4)3 will react with NH3 in suitable conditions to form an orange hexammine complex Cr(ClO4)3·6NH3.Handbook of inorganic substances 2017 – Google Sách. Other compounds with the general formula Cr(ClO4)3(NH3)x are also known. When x = 3, this compound is red, when x = 4 or 5, it is orange.{{cite book |last1=Macintyre |first1=Jane E. |title=Dictionary of Inorganic Compounds |date=23 July 1992 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-0-412-30120-9 |page=3278 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9eJvoNCSCRMC&pg=PA3278 |language=en}} The hexammine complex will explode.
- Cr(ClO4)3 can also form complexes with N2H4, such as purple Cr(ClO4)3·2N2H4.{{cite web |url=http://chemistry-chemists.com/chemister/Neorganika/inorganic-hydrazine-derivatives-2014.pdf. |title= |website=chemistry-chemists.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326015850/http://chemistry-chemists.com/chemister/Neorganika/inorganic-hydrazine-derivatives-2014.pdf |archive-date=2020-03-26}}
- Cr(ClO4)3 can also form complexes with urea (CO(NH2)2), such as Cr(ClO4)3·6CO(NH2)2 with a hexagonal structure.{{cite journal|url=http://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/Content/17238/P-52_1913-2_Nr12.pdf|journal=Chemisches Zentralblatt |date=17 September 1913|page=1035|number=12|first1=G. A.|last1=Barbieri|title= Über Eisen-Harnstoffverbindungen}}