Chrysuronia

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Golden-tailed Sapphire JCB.jpg

| image_caption = Golden-tailed sapphire, (Chrysuronia oenone)

| taxon = Chrysuronia

| authority = Bonaparte, 1850

| type_species = Ornismya oenone (golden-tailed sapphire)

| type_species_authority = Lesson, R, 1832

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision = 9, see text

}}

Chrysuronia is a genus of hummingbirds in the family Trochilidae, all of which are native to Central and South America.

Taxonomy

The genus Chrysuronia was introduced in 1850 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte.{{cite book | last=Bonaparte | first=Charles Lucien | author-link=Charles Lucien Bonaparte | year=1850 | title=Conspectus Generum Avium | volume=1 | language=Latin | publisher=E.J. Brill | location=Leiden | page=75 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43560118 }} Bonaparte did not specify a type species but this was designated as the golden-tailed sapphire in 1855 by George Robert Gray.{{ cite book | last=Gray | first=George Robert | author-link=George Robert Gray | year=1855 | title=Catalogue of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds Contained in the British Museum | location=London | publisher=British Museum | page=23 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/17136643 }}{{ cite book | editor-last=Peters | editor-first=James Lee | editor-link=James L. Peters | year=1945 | title=Check-List of Birds of the World | volume=5 | publisher=Harvard University Press | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=55 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14480066 }} The genus name is a portmanteau of the specific names of two synonyms of the golden-tailed sapphire: Ornismya chrysura Lesson, R, 1832 and Ornismia oenone Lesson, 1832.{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | page=106 | url=https://archive.org/stream/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling#page/n106/mode/1up }}

This genus formerly included only a single species, the golden-tailed sapphire. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that the genera Amazilia and Lepidopyga were polyphyletic.{{ cite journal | last1=McGuire | first1=J. | last2=Witt | first2=C. | last3=Remsen | first3=J.V. | last4=Corl | first4=A. | last5=Rabosky | first5=D. | last6=Altshuler | first6=D. | last7=Dudley | first7=R. | date=2014 | title=Molecular phylogenetics and the diversification of hummingbirds | journal=Current Biology | volume=24 | issue=8 | pages=910–916 | doi=10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.016 | doi-access=free | pmid=24704078 | bibcode=2014CBio...24..910M }} In the revised classification to create monophyletic genera, Chrysuronia was broadened to include species that had previous been placed in Amazilia, Hylocharis and Lepidopyga.{{ cite journal | last1=Stiles | first1=F.G. | last2=Remsen | first2=J.V. Jr. | last3=Mcguire | first3=J.A. | year=2017 | title=The generic classification of the Trochilini (Aves: Trochilidae): Reconciling taxonomy with phylogeny | journal=Zootaxa | volume=4353 | issue=3 | pages=401–424 | doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4353.3 | pmid=29245495 | url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321277435 }}

The genus now contains ten species:{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela C. Rasmussen | date=August 2024 | title=Hummingbirds | work=IOC World Bird List Version 14.2 | url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/hummingbirds/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=30 August 2024 }}

{{Species table |genus=Chrysuronia |authority-name=Bonaparte |authority-year=1850 |species-count=ten|no-note=y|narrow-percent=75}}

{{Species table/row

|name= Shining-green hummingbird |binomial=Chrysuronia goudoti

|image=File:Lepidopyga goudoti (Colibrí de Goudot) - macho (14600524075).jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=|image-caption=Male

|image2 =File:Lepidopyga goudoti (Colibrí de Goudot) - hembra (14413936119).jpg|image2-caption=Female

|authority-name=Bourcier|authority-year= 1843 |authority-not-original=yes

|range=Colombia and Venezuela

|range-image=File:Lepidopyga goudoti map.svg

|range-image-size=180px

|size=

|habitat=

|hunting=

|iucn-status= LC

|population=

|direction=

|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Four subspecies |bullets=on

|C. g. luminosa (Lawrence, 1862)

|C. g. goudoti (Bourcier, 1843)

|C. g. zuliae (Cory, 1918)

|C. g. phaeochroa (Todd, 1942)

}}

{{Species table/row

|name=Golden-tailed sapphire |binomial=Chrysuronia oenone

|image=File:Golden-tailed Sapphire - Colibrí cola de oro (Chrysuronia oenone oneone) (8679349884).jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=|image-caption=Male

|image2 =File:Colibrí Cola de Oro (Golden-tailed Sapphire Hummingbird).jpg|image2-caption=Female

|authority-name=Lesson, R |authority-year=1832 |authority-not-original=yes

|range= Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela

|range-image=File:Chrysuronia oenone map.svg

|range-image-size=180px

|size=

|habitat=

|hunting=

|iucn-status= LC

|population=

|direction=

|subspecies=

}}

{{Species table/row

|name=Versicolored emerald |binomial=Chrysuronia versicolor

|image=File:Amazilia versicolor -Mogi das Cruzes, Sao Paulo, Brazil-8.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=|image-caption=Male

|authority-name=Vieillot|authority-year=1818 |authority-not-original=yes

|range=northern Bolivia, eastern Paraguay, far north-eastern Argentina, and eastern, southern and central Brazil

|range-image=File:Amazilia versicolor map.svg

|range-image-size=180px

|size=

|habitat=

|hunting=

|iucn-status= EN

|population=

|direction=

|subspecies=

}}

{{Species table/row

|name=Mangrove hummingbird |binomial=Chrysuronia boucardi

|image=File:Mangrove Hummingbird ♂.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=

|authority-name=Mulsant|authority-year= 1877 |authority-not-original=yes

|range= Costa Rica.

|range-image=File:Amazilia boucardi map.svg

|range-image-size=180px

|size=

|habitat=

|hunting=

|iucn-status= LC

|population=

|direction=

|subspecies=

}}

{{Species table/row

|name= Sapphire-throated hummingbird |binomial=Chrysuronia coeruleogularis

|image=File:Sapphire-throated hummingbird (Lepidopyga coeruleogularis coeruleogularis) male.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=|image-caption=Male

|authority-name=Gould |authority-year=1851 |authority-not-original=yes

|range= Panama, Colombia, and more recently Costa Rica

|range-image=File:Lepidopyga coeruleogularis map.svg

|range-image-size=180px

|size=

|habitat=

|hunting=

|iucn-status= LC

|population=

|direction=

|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Three subspecies |bullets=on

|C. c. coeruleogularis

|C. c. coelina

|C. c. conifis

}}

{{Species table/row

|name=Sapphire-bellied hummingbird |binomial=Chrysuronia lilliae

|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=

|authority-name=Stone |authority-year=1917 |authority-not-original=yes

|range= Colombia

|range-image=File:Lepidopyga lilliae map.svg

|range-image-size=180px

|size=

|habitat=

|hunting=

|iucn-status= EN

|population=

|direction=

|subspecies=

}}

{{Species table/row

|name=Humboldt's sapphire |binomial=Chrysuronia humboldtii

|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=

|authority-name=Bourcier & Mulsant|authority-year=1852 |authority-not-original=yes

|range= Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama

|range-image=File:Hylocharis humboldtii map.svg

|range-image-size=180px

|size=

|habitat=

|hunting=

|iucn-status= LC

|population=

|direction=

|subspecies=

}}

{{Species table/row

|name=Blue-headed sapphire |binomial=Chrysuronia grayi

|image=File:Blue-headed Sapphire - Colombia.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=

|authority-name=Delattre & Bourcier |authority-year= 1846 |authority-not-original=yes

|range= Colombia and Ecuador.

|range-image=File:Hylocharis grayi map.svg

|range-image-size=180px

|size=

|habitat=

|hunting=

|iucn-status= LC

|population=

|direction=

|subspecies=

}}

{{Species table/row

|name=White-chested emerald |binomial=Chrysuronia brevirostris

|image=File:Kurzschnabelamazilie (Amazilia brevirostris).jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=

|authority-name=Lesson, R |authority-year=1829 |authority-not-original=yes

|range= Brazil, the Guianas, Trinidad, and Venezuela.

|range-image=File:Amazilia brevirostris map.svg

|range-image-size=180px

|size=

|habitat=

|hunting=

|iucn-status= LC

|population=

|direction=

|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Three subspecies |bullets=on

|C. b. brevirostris

|C. b. chionopectus

|C. b. orienticola

}}

{{Species table/row

|name=Plain-bellied emerald |binomial=Chrysuronia leucogaster

|image=File:Beija-flor-de-barriga-branca (Amazilia leucogaster) Ilhéus.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=

|authority-name=Gmelin, JF|authority-year= 1788|authority-not-original=yes

|range= Brazil, the Guianas, and Venezuela.

|range-image=File:Amazilia leucogaster map.svg

|range-image-size=180px

|size=

|habitat=

|hunting=

|iucn-status= LC

|population=

|direction=

|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Two subspecies |bullets=on

| C. l. leucogaster (Gmelin, JF, 1788)

| C. l. bahiae (Hartert, E, 1899)

}}

References

Category:Bird genera

Category:Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte

Category:Taxa described in 1850