Chuukic languages
{{short description|Subgroup of the Chuukic–Pohnpeic family of the Austronesian language family}}
{{Redirect-distinguish|Trukic languages|Turkic languages|Chukchi language}}
{{Infobox language family
|altname=Trukic
|name=Chuukic
|region=Micronesia
|familycolor=Austronesian
|fam2=Malayo-Polynesian
|fam3=Oceanic
|fam4=Micronesian
|fam5=Micronesian Proper
|fam6=Nuclear Micronesian
|fam7=Chuukic–Pohnpeic
|protoname=Proto-Chuukic
|glotto=truk1243
|glottorefname=Trukic
|map= Micronesian languages.en.svg
|mapcaption=Map of the Micronesian languages; Chuukic languages are shaded in red.
}}
Chuukic ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|tʃ|uː|k|ɪ|k}}), historically also rendered as Trukic"tr" is a German convention for the retroflex affricate now written "ch"{{or|date=April 2025}} ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|r|uː|k|ɪ|k}}), is a subgroup of the Chuukic–Pohnpeic family of the Austronesian language family.{{cite book | last = Lynch | first = John | authorlink = John Lynch (linguist) | last2 = Ross | first2 = Malcolm | authorlink2 = Malcolm Ross (linguist) | last3 = Crowley | first3 = Terry | authorlink3 = Terry Crowley (linguist) | year = 2002 | title = The Oceanic languages | location = Richmond, Surrey | publisher = Curzon | isbn = 978-0-7007-1128-4 | oclc = 48929366 }} The languages are primarily spoken in Chuuk State and Yap State of the Federated States of Micronesia, as well as in the outer islands of Palau. The Carolinians of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands also speak their own language distinct from the historically native Chamorro people.
Languages
- Sonsorol and Tobian (close enough to each other to often be considered dialects)
- Chuukese
- Woleaian and Ulithian
- Puluwatese, Namonuito, and Tanapag
- Carolinian
- Satawalese and Mortlockese (closely related)
- Pááfang
- Mapia (extinct)
Phonology
class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
|+ Proto-Chuukic reflexes of Proto-Oceanic consonants{{cite journal|last1=Bender|first1=Byron W.|title=Proto-Micronesian Reconstructions: 1|journal=Oceanic Linguistics|date=2003|volume=42|issue=1|pages=4, 5|doi=10.2307/3623449|jstor=3623449}} |
Proto-Oceanic
| *mp || *mp,ŋp || *p || *m || *m,ŋm || *k || *ŋk || *ŋ || *y || *w || *t || || *s,nj || *ns,j || *j || *nt,nd || *d,R || *l || *n || *ɲ |
---|
Proto-Micronesian
| *p || *pʷ || *f || *m || *mʷ || *k || *x || *ŋ || *y || *w || *t || *T || *s || *S || *Z || *c || *r || *l || *n || *ɲ |
Proto-Chuukic-Pohnpeic
| *p || *pʷ || *f || *m || *mʷ || *k || *∅,r1 || *ŋ || *y || *w || *t || *T || *t || *t || ∅ || *c || *r || *l || *n || *ɲ |
Proto-Chuukic
| *p || *pʷ || *f || *m || *mʷ || *k || *∅ || *ŋ || *y || *w || *t || *T || *d || *d || ∅ || *c || *r || *l || *n || *ɲ |
1 before {{IPA|/a/}}
References
{{Micronesian languages}}
{{Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages}}