Cianten River
{{Short description|River in West Java, Indonesia}}
{{Infobox river
|name = Cianten River
|image = COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Uitstapje naar een waterval in de rivier Cianten TMnr 60016681.jpg
|image_caption = The Curug Lontar waterfall on the Cianten River
|mouth = Cisadane
|mouth_coordinates = {{coord|6|31|22|S|106|41|27|E|type:river_region:ID|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|basin_size = 426.5 km2
|source1 = Mount Halimun Salak National Park
|length = 49.2 km
}}
The Cianten is a river that flows in the western part of Bogor Regency, West Java and is a tributary of the Cisadane River.
Course
The river originates from the Mount Halimun Salak National Park, flowing northwards.{{cite journal |last1=Dransfield |first1=John |title=Gunung Halimun and its importance to Java |journal=Indonesia Circle. School of Oriental & African Studies. Newsletter |date=June 1975 |volume=3 |issue=7 |pages=15–17 |doi=10.1080/03062847508723608}} It flows for 49.2 km, meeting the Cisadane River still in Bogor Regency. It is Cisadane's longest tributary, with a watershed of 426.5 square kilometers.{{cite book |title=Catalogue of Rivers for Southeast Asia and The Pacific - Volume V |date=2004 |publisher=International Hydrological Programme |url=http://hywr.kuciv.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ihp/riverCatalogue/Vol_05/ |chapter=Kali Cisadane}}
History
An inscription, dated from 536 AD from the times of the Tarumanagara Kingdom, had been discovered at Cianten's confluence with Cisadane.{{cite news |title=Peninggalan Sejarah Kerajaan Tarumanegara |url=https://www.kompas.com/skola/read/2020/09/02/183254269/peninggalan-sejarah-kerajaan-tarumanegara?page=all |access-date=30 July 2021 |work=KOMPAS.com |date=2 September 2020 |language=id}}
A hydropower plant, the Kracak power station, was erected on Cianten in 1926 and is still operational to this day, producing 18.9 MW of electricity.{{cite news |title=PLTA Kracak, Warisan Penjajah Belanda yang Masih Beroperasi |url=https://www.tribunnews.com/bisnis/2019/10/18/plta-kracak-warisan-penjajah-belanda-yang-masih-beroperasi |access-date=30 July 2021 |work=Tribunnews.com |date=18 October 2019 |language=id-ID}} In 1942, during the Dutch East Indies campaign, the Battle of Leuwiliang occurred between Australian and Japanese forces on the banks of the Cianten River.{{cite book |translator=William Remmelink|author=National Defense College of Japan |title=The Invasion of the Dutch East Indies |date=2015 |orig-year=1967|publisher=Leiden University Press |location=Leiden |isbn=978-9087-28-237-0 |url=https://www.cortsfoundation.org/images/PDF/9789087282370%20The%20Invasion%20of%20the%20Dutch%20East%20Indies.pdf|pages=490–494}}
Use
Aside from hydropower and irrigation purposes, the Cianten is a popular rafting destination. The rafting route generally ends at the Cisadane confluence.{{cite news |title=Arung Jeram dalam Geliat Alam |url=https://travel.kompas.com/read/2014/06/16/1110174/Arung.Jeram.dalam.Geliat.Alam?page=all |access-date=30 July 2021 |work=KOMPAS.com |date=16 June 2014 |language=id}}