City University test
{{Short description|Test used to detect color vision deficiency}}
{{Infobox medical intervention
| Name = City university test
| Image =
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| speciality = Ophthalmology Optometry
| ICD10 =
| ICD9 = {{ICD9proc|95.06}}
| MeshID = D003119
| OPS301 =
| OtherCodes =
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The City University test (also known as TCU test{{cite journal |last1=Birch |first1=J. |title=Clinical use of the City University Test (2nd Edition) |journal=Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics: The Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) |date=November 1997 |volume=17 |issue=6 |pages=466–472 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-1313.1997.tb00084.x |pmid=9666919 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9666919/ |issn=0275-5408}} or CU test{{cite book |last1=Sandip |first1=Doshi |last2=William |first2=Harvey |title=Investigative techniques and ocular examination |publisher=Butterworth-Heinemann |pages=20–21}}) is a color vision test used to detect color vision deficiency. Unlike commonly used Ishihara test, City University test can be used to detect all types of color vision defects.
Description
The commonly used Ishihara test is used to detect mainly congenital red-green color blindness, but its usefulness is limited in detecting acquired color vision deficiencies.{{cite journal |last1=Matthew P |first1=Simunovic |last2=MB |first2=BChir |title=Acquired color vision deficiency |url=http://www.colorvisiontesting.com/wp-content/themes/colorvisiontesting/pdf/Acquired-Color-Vision-Deficiencies-Simunovic.pdf |journal=Survey of Ophthalmology}} But City University test contains test plates that can be used to detect all types of color vision deficiencies.{{cite journal |last1=Hardy |first1=LeGrand H. |last2=Rand |first2=Gertrude |last3=Rittler |first3=M. Catherine |title=Tests for the Detection and Analysis of Color-Blindness. I. The Ishihara Test: An Evaluation |journal=JOSA |date=April 1945 |volume=35 |issue=4 |pages=268–275 |doi=10.1364/JOSA.35.000268 |bibcode=1945JOSA...35..268H |url=https://www.osapublishing.org/josa/abstract.cfm?uri=josa-35-4-268 |language=EN}} The TCU test was derived from Farnsworth D15 color arrangement test. The test consists of 10 plates, containing a central colored dot surrounded by four peripheral dots of different colors. The subject is asked to choose the dot closest to the central hue. Among the four peripheral dots, three peripheral colors are designed in such a way that, it makes confusion with the central color in protan, deutan and tritan deficiency.{{cite web |author1=Monika Formankiewicz |title=Assessment of colour vision |url=http://www.ahpo.net/assets/CET%20C-11998.pdf }} The fourth color is an adjacent color in D-15 sequence and that would be most similar to the central color.
Procedure
In a well illuminated room, hold the test plates at about 35 cm from patient. Show the test plates and ask the patient to mention which dot is identical to central dot. Allow about 3 seconds for each page. In response to the scores noted in score sheet abnormality can be detected.{{Cite book|last=David B.|first=Elliott|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/324998045|title=Clinical procedures in primary eye care|publisher=Elsevier/Butterworth Heinemann|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7020-3924-9|edition=3rd|location=Edinburgh|pages=72–73|chapter=Assessment of Visual Function|oclc=324998045}}