Cladrastis clade

{{Short description|Clade of legumes}}

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Cladrastis clade}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| name = Cladrastis clade

| image = Pickeringia montana 1.jpg

| image_caption = Pickeringia montana

| taxon = Cladrastis clade

| authority = (Wojciechowski et al. 2004{{cite journal |vauthors=Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M, Sanderson MJ | year = 2004 | title = A phylogeny of legumes (Leguminosae) based on analysis of the plastid matK gene resolves many well-supported subclades within the family | journal = Am J Bot | volume = 91 | pages = 1846–1862 | doi = 10.3732/ajb.91.11.1846 | pmid = 21652332 | issue=11| doi-access = free }}) Wojciechowski 2013{{cite journal | author = Wojciechowski MF. | year = 2013 | title = Towards a new classification of Leguminosae: Naming clades using non-Linnaean phylogenetic nomenclature | journal = S Afr J Bot | volume = 89 | pages = 85–93 | doi = 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.06.017 | doi-access = free }}

| subdivision_ranks = Genera

| subdivision_ref = {{cite journal |vauthors=Cardoso D, Pennington RT, de Queiroz LP, Boatwright JS, Van Wyk BE, Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M | year = 2013 | title = Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes | journal = S Afr J Bot | volume = 89 | pages = 58–75 | doi = 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.05.001 | doi-access = free | hdl = 10566/3193 | hdl-access = free }}

| subdivision = * Cladrastis Raf. 1824

• Pickeringia Nuttall 1840
• Styphnolobium Schott 1830

| synonyms = * Sophoreae sensu Polhill, 1981 pro parte 3

}}

The Cladrastis clade is a monophyletic clade of the flowering plant subfamily Faboideae (or Papilionaceae) that is found in eastern Asia and southern North America.{{cite journal | vauthors = Cardoso D, de Queiroz LP, Pennington RT, de Lima HC, Fonty É, Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M | year = 2012 | title = Revisiting the phylogeny of papilionoid legumes: new insights from comprehensively sampled early-branching lineages | journal = Am J Bot | volume = 99 | issue = 12 | pages = 1991–2013 | doi = 10.3732/ajb.1200380 | pmid = 23221500 }} It is consistently resolved in molecular phylogenies and is sister to the Meso-Papilionoideae.{{cite journal |vauthors=Doyle JJ, Doyle JL, Ballenger JA, Dickson EE, Kajita T, Ohashi H | year = 1997 | title = A phylogeny of the chloroplast gene rbcL in the Leguminosae: taxonomic correlations and insights into the evolution of nodulation | journal = Am J Bot | volume = 84 | issue = 4 | pages = 541–554 | pmid = 21708606 | doi=10.2307/2446030| jstor = 2446030 | doi-access = free }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Pennington RT, Lavin M, Ireland H, Klitgaard B, Preston J, Hu JM | year = 2001 | title = Phylogenetic relationships of basal papilionoid legumes based upon sequences of the chloroplast trnL intron | url = http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.537 | journal = Syst Bot | volume = 55 | issue = 5 | pages = 818–836 | doi = 10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.537 | doi-broken-date = 1 November 2024 }}{{cite journal |vauthors=McMahon MM, Sanderson MJ | year = 2006 | title = Phylogenetic supermatrix analysis of GenBank sequences from 2228 papilionoid legumes | journal = Syst Biol | volume = 99 | issue = 12 | pages = 1991–2013 | doi = 10.1080/10635150600999150 | pmid = 17060202 | doi-access = free }}{{cite journal | author = Wojciechowski MF. | year = 2013 | title = The origin and phylogenetic relationships of the Californian chaparral 'paleoendemic' Pickeringia (Leguminosae) | journal = Syst Bot | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 132–142 | doi = 10.1600/036364413X662024 | s2cid = 86331839 }}{{cite journal | author = LPWG [Legume Phylogeny Working Group] | year = 2013 | title = Legume phylogeny and classification in the 21st century: progress, prospects and lessons for other species-rich clades | journal = Taxon | volume = 62 | issue = 2 | pages = 217–248 | doi=10.12705/622.8| hdl = 10566/3455 | url = https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/78167/1/Taxon_2013_217-248.pdf }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Kajita T, Ohashi H, Tateishi Y, Bailey CD, Doyle JJ | year = 2001 | title = rbcL and legume phylogeny, with particular reference to Phaseoleae, Millettieae and allies | url = http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.515 | journal = Syst Bot | volume = 26 | issue = 3 | pages = 515–536 | doi = 10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.515 | jstor = 3093979 | doi-broken-date = 1 November 2024 }} Evidence for the existence of this clade was first proposed based on morphological (floral), cytological, and biochemical evidence.{{cite journal |vauthors=Sousa-Sánchez M, Rudd VE | year = 1993 | title = Revisión del género Styphnolobium (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae: Sophoreae) |trans-title= Revision of the genus Styphnolobium (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae: Sophoreae) | url = http://botanicus.org/page/1452452 | journal = Ann Missouri Bot Gard | volume = 80 | issue = 1 | pages = 270–283 | issn = 0026-6493 | doi=10.2307/2399827| jstor = 2399827 | url-access = subscription }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Kite GC, Pennington RT | year = 2003 | title = Quinolizidine alkaloid status of Styphnolobium and Cladrastis (Leguminosae). | journal = Biochem Syst Ecol | volume = 31 | issue = 12 | pages = 1409–1416 | doi = 10.1016/S0305-1978(03)00118-2 | bibcode = 2003BioSE..31.1409K }} It is predicted to have diverged from the other legume lineages 47.4±2.6 million years ago (in the Eocene).{{cite journal |vauthors=Lavin M, Herendeen PS, Wojciechowski MF | year = 2005 | title = Evolutionary rates analysis of Leguminosae implicates a rapid diversification of lineages during the tertiary | journal = Syst Biol | volume = 54 | issue = 4 | pages = 575–94 | doi = 10.1080/10635150590947131 | pmid = 16085576 | doi-access = free }}