Claire von Greyerz

Clara Forster, usually called Claire by her family,{{sfn|Geiger|1901|p=56}} was born on 21 November 1789 in Mainz.{{sfn|Geiger|1901|p=56}}{{sfn|Uhlig|2004|p=279}}{{sfn|Goldstein|2019|p=123}}{{sfn|Hoare|1976|p=271}}{{efn|name=dob|Some sources state she was born in 1790,{{sfn|Schmidt-Liebich|2011}}{{Sfn|Fankhauser|2014}} which is incompatible with the birth of her sister Luise in June 1791.{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 1|p=758}} Her birthday is also given as 22 November,{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 1|p=758}} which is the date of her baptism in the {{ill|St Emmeran Church (Mainz)|de|St. Emmeran (Mainz)|lt=St Emmeran Church}} in Mainz.{{Cite web |title=Clara Forster. Vital. Germany Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898 |url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:C4TL-16MM |url-access=registration |access-date=16 March 2023 |website=FamilySearch |archive-date=16 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316172404/https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:C4TL-16MM |url-status=live }}}} She was the second daughter of Georg Forster and his wife Therese.{{sfn|Uhlig|2004|p=279}}{{sfn|Goldstein|2019|p=123}} Her father, who had taken part in the second voyage of James Cook,{{Sfn|Saine|1972|pp=20–22}} was the librarian of the University of Mainz.{{sfn|Saine|1972|p=59}} She had an older sister Therese, who was born in 1786.{{sfn|Uhlig|2004|p=192}} In 1790, her mother and Ludwig Ferdinand Huber, a young Saxon diplomat and writer, became lovers.{{sfn|Saine|1972|p=101}}{{sfn|Uhlig|2004|p=271}} Forster accepted living in a {{lang|fr|ménage à trois}},{{sfn|Saine|1972|p=126}}{{sfn|Jordan|1978|p=76}} and Huber moved into the house of the Forsters in autumn 1790.{{sfn|Uhlig|2004|p=272}}{{sfn|Jordan|1978|p=72}}

The city of Mainz was captured by French revolutionary troops under General Custine in October 1792.{{Sfn|Saine|1972|p=128}} This led to the establishment of a Jacobin club and later the Republic of Mainz, in which Georg Forster became an important figure.{{sfn|Thomas|Berghof|2000|p=xxi}} Her mother then left Mainz for Strasbourg in December 1792, accompanied by her daughters and the Forsters' lodger, Thomas Brand. On the way, they met soldiers who mocked them, but were delighted by Clara greeting them with {{lang|fr|Bonjour citoyens!}}{{sfn|Uhlig|2004|p=310}} In January 1793, Therese and the children continued to Neuchâtel. She planned to divorce Forster and marry Huber, and Forster agreed that Clara should live with them after the divorce, unlike her elder sister who was his favourite.{{sfn|Uhlig|2004|p=319}}{{sfn|Heuser|2001|p=112}} In November 1793, Georg, who had gone to Paris as representative of the Mainz Republic,{{sfn|Saine|1972|pp=142–143}} managed to come to Travers, where he stayed with his wife and children and Huber for a few days.{{sfn|Uhlig|2004|p=338}} This was the last time that Claire met her father, who died in Paris on 10 January 1794.{{sfn|Uhlig|2004|p=342}} On 10 April 1794, her mother and Huber were married.{{sfn|Jordan|1978|p=116}}{{sfn|Geiger|1901|p=91}} The family moved to Bôle near Neuchâtel,{{sfn|Jordan|1978|p=117}} and started using French as the family language.{{sfn|Jordan|1978|p=131}}

File:Gottlieb von Greyerz by Georg Volmar, ca. 1805.png

When Huber obtained editorial positions at Johann Friedrich Cotta's {{lang|de|Neueste Weltkunde}} and then the {{lang|de|Allgemeine Zeitung}} in 1798, the family moved to Tübingen and then to Stuttgart.{{Sfn|Jordan|1978|pp=152–155}}{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 1|p=760}} Huber met {{ill|Gottlieb von Greyerz|de}}, who had obtained a position of head forester in {{ill|Stoffenried|de}} close to Günzburg, and introduced him to his family.{{sfn|Geiger|1901|pp=137–139}} In 1804, the Huber family moved to Ulm.{{sfn|Jordan|1978|p=157}} The 27-year-old Gottlieb von Greyerz became engaged to 14-year-old Claire; Huber was on a journey to Leipzig and Berlin and consented in a letter.{{sfn|Jordan|1978|p=159}} The wedding was supposed to take place two years later.{{sfn|Geiger|1901|pp=139–140}} Ludwig Huber died in Ulm on 24 December 1804, leading to the wedding being moved earlier, to spring of 1805.{{sfn|Wulbusch|2005|pp=18–19}} In preparation, her mother sent Claire and her sister Luise to Stuttgart for two months; Claire was supposed to be educated in music, especially in playing the guitar, before getting married.{{sfn|Geiger|1901|p=145}}

File:Aerial image of the Markgrafenschloss Günzburg (view from the south).jpg

Claire and Gottlieb von Greyerz married in Göppingen on 9 May 1805.{{sfn|Geiger|1901|p=145}} They had ten children, born between 1806 and 1832:{{sfn|von Greyerz|1884|p=205}}{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 2|p=927}}

• Maximilian Leon Emil (called Emil, 4 June 1806–9 December 1806),{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 2|p=927}} born in Stoffenried{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 2|pp=328,332}}
• Maria Emilie Therese (called Molly, 3 March 1808–15 January 1890), born in Stoffenried{{sfn|von Greyerz|1884|p=205}}{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 4|p=877}}
• Walo (1809–8 March 1815), born in Günzburg{{sfn|von Greyerz|1884|p=205}}{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 5|pp=882,910}}
• Georg Leo Emil (called Emil, 20 April 1811–11 March 1869), born in Günzburg, later forester in Bern{{sfn|von Greyerz|1884|p=205}}{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 4|p=876}}
• Alphons (5 June 1813–4 June 1864), teacher in Bern{{sfn|von Greyerz|1884|p=205}}{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 5|p=880}}
• Friedrich Karl Walo (called Walo, 11 October 1815–1904), born in Günzburg, later forester in Lenzburg{{sfn|von Greyerz|1884|p=205}}{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 6|p=1295}}
• Ludwig Ferdinand Adolph (called Adolf, 1818–2 April 1871), born in Günzburg, forester, died in Interlaken{{sfn|von Greyerz|1884|p=205}}{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 7|p=1516}}
• Ida Emma Klara (18 March 1820–1913), married A. Halter in Bern{{sfn|von Greyerz|1884|p=205}}{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 7|p=1516}}
• Otto Aimé (29 November 1829–16 January 1882), born in Bayreuth, parish priest{{sfn|von Greyerz|1884|p=205}}
• Adeline (13 September 1832–2 February 1896), born in Bayreuth, died in Bern{{sfn|von Greyerz|1884|p=205}}

Claire's mother moved into their Stoffenried house with her children Luise and Victor Aimé and lived with the family until 1816.{{sfn|Wulbusch|2005|pp=19,153}} Gottlieb became senior forester for the Günzburg area in 1806 and moved to official living quarters in the castle in Günzburg in January 1807.{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 2|pp=838–839}} From 1810 to 1829, Gottlieb was Royal Bavarian Forest Inspector in Augsburg;{{sfn|Hürlimann|2006}} the family moved from Günzburg to Augsburg in November 1818.{{sfn|Briefe Therese Huber 7|p=1469}} In Augsburg, she became acquainted with Hortense de Beauharnais, the former queen consort of Holland.{{sfn|Fankhauser|2014}} The von Greyerz children played with and were sometimes educated together with Hortense's son Louis-Napoléon, who later became Napoleon III of France.{{sfn|Schmidt-Liebich|2011}}{{sfn|von Greyerz|1941|p=27}} In 1823, Claire's mother also moved to Augsburg, where she died in June 1829.{{sfn|Wulbusch|2005|p=21}} From 1829, Gottlieb worked in Bayreuth.{{sfn|Hürlimann|2006}} In 1836, during a visit to Switzerland,{{sfn|von Greyerz|1941|p=27}} von Greyerz visited Hortense at her Arenenberg residence and wrote a report about the castle and the life of the Napoleon family.{{sfn|Schmidt-Liebich|2011}} Her report, which has been described both as "somewhat trivial"{{sfn|Schmidt-Liebich|2011}} and as among "the most vivid and detailed descriptions of life at Arenenberg",{{sfn|Gügel|2018|p=52}} was published in the {{lang|de|Unterhaltungsblatt für und von Frauen}} in May 1838 and re-published in the {{ill|Thurgauer Jahrbuch|de}} in 1941.{{sfn|Schmidt-Liebich|2011}}{{sfn|von Greyerz|1941}} Claire von Greyerz died in Bayreuth on 3 February 1839.{{sfn|von Greyerz|1941|p=27}}{{Cite magazine |date=9 February 1839 |title=Todes-Anzeige |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=08pDAAAAcAAJ&dq=greyerz+3.+Februar+1839&pg=RA3-PA305 |magazine=Allgemeine Zeitung |language=de |publisher=Cotta|location=Stuttgart, Augsburg |page=305}}

File:Greyerz1817.png

Von Greyerz was an accomplished papercutting artist. According to a story told by her granddaughter Emilie Billon-Haller, this began when she was given paper and scissors during an illness at age six.{{sfn|Fankhauser|2014}} The Stuttgart-based papercutting artist Luise Duttenhofer was a family friend who made a silhouette of her mother and was an artistic influence, as evidenced by von Greyerz' use of the same embossing techniques to make her work more lively.{{sfn|Fankhauser|2014}} It is possible that the two women came in contact during one of von Greyerz' visits to Stuttgart between 1803 and 1815, where von Greyerz stayed with Duttenhofer's friend Karl Mayer in 1813.{{sfn|Sedda|2010|p=61}} The two women swapped papercuts,{{sfn|Fankhauser|2014}} and some of the von Greyerz papercuts are now in the collection of the {{ill|Schiller-Nationalmuseum|de||sk}}, just like those of Duttenhofer.{{sfn|Sedda|2010|pp=42, 61}} As not all papercuts were signed, it is sometimes difficult to identify the creator in collections including works by both women.{{sfn|Fankhauser|2014}} According to Billon-Haller, the von Greyerz papercuts are poetic, allegoric or romantic and include beautiful landscapes.{{sfn|Fankhauser|2014}} There are also domestic scenes and antique or mythological themes present in her work,{{sfn|Fankhauser|2014}} as well as Biblical or Indic motives that she had encountered while reading.{{sfn|von Greyerz|1941|p=27}}

She was featured in the 2017 edition of her hometown's {{lang|de|Mainzer Frauenkalender}}, a calendar featuring women associated with Mainz.{{Cite web |last=Stadt Mainz |title=33. historischer Mainzer Frauenkalender erschienen |url=https://www.mainz.de/verwaltung-und-politik/beiraete-beauftragte/frauenkalender.php#SP-grouplist-10-1:6 |access-date=11 March 2023 |website=www.mainz.de |language=de |archive-date=11 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311175028/https://www.mainz.de/verwaltung-und-politik/beiraete-beauftragte/frauenkalender.php#SP-grouplist-10-1:6 |url-status=live }}

{{notelist}}

{{reflist}}

• {{Cite magazine |magazine=Schnittpunkt : Bulletin des Schweizerischen Vereins Freunde des Scherenschnitts = bulletin de l'Association suisse des amis du découpage sur papier |url=https://www.scherenschnitt.ch/index.php?doc=0030|oclc=718636256 |language=de,fr|title=Antik, allegorisch und poetisch|last=Fankhauser|first=Heinz|date=2014}}
• {{Cite book |last=Geiger |first=Ludwig |url=http://archive.org/details/bub_gb_VMMLAAAAIAAJ |title=Therese Huber, 1764 bis 1829 |date=1901 |publisher=Cotta |language=German|location=Stuttgart}}
• {{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qFWMDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA25 |title=Georg Forster: Voyager, Naturalist, Revolutionary |last=Goldstein |first=Jürgen |date=27 March 2019 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-47481-6 |language=en}}
• {{Cite journal |last=von Greyerz|first=Klara|title=Ein Besuch in Arenenberg vor hundert Jahren |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.5169/seals-699629 |language=de |doi=10.5169/seals-699629|journal=Thurgauer Jahrbuch|volume=17|year=1941|pages=27–31}}
• {{Cite encyclopedia |url=http://archive.org/details/sammlungbernisc00berngoog |encyclopedia=Sammlung bernischer Biographien |date=1884 |publisher=J. Dalp'sche Buchhandlung (K. Schmid) |location=Bern |pages=204–212 |language=de|title=Emil Georg Leo von Greyerz|last=von Greyerz|first=Lina}}
• {{Cite book |orig-date=2009|date=2018 |title=Labhards Arenenberg |location=Konstanz |publisher=Labhard |isbn=978-3-939142-44-7|url=https://issuu.com/labhardmedien/docs/arenenberg_2016_englisch_web|via=issuu.com|last=Gügel|first=Dominik|oclc=699120409}}
• {{Cite book |title=Literarische Zusammenarbeit|editor-last=Plachta|editor-first=Bodo|last=Heuser |first=Magdalene |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110918472.101/html |contribution=Georg und Therese Forster – Aspekte einer gescheiterten Zusammenarbeit |date=2001 |publisher=Max Niemeyer Verlag |isbn=978-3-11-091847-2 |language=de |pages=101–120|doi=10.1515/9783110918472.101}}
• {{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hcYLAQAAIAAJ |title=The Tactless Philosopher: Johann Reinhold Forster (1729-98) |last=Hoare |first=Michael Edward |date=1976 |publisher=Hawthorne Press |isbn=9780725601218 |language=en}}
• {{Cite book |last=Huber |first=Therese |author-link=Therese Huber|url=https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110931952 |title=Briefe 1764–1803 |editor-last=Bergmann-Törner |editor-first=Corinna |editor2-last=Coleman Brandt |editor2-first=Diane |editor3-last=Harmeyer |editor3-first=Jutta |editor4-last=Heuser |editor4-first=Magdalene |editor5-last=Wulbusch |editor5-first=Petra |date=10 December 2020|doi=10.1515/9783110931952 |orig-year=1999 |isbn=978-3-11-093195-2 |oclc=1226679082|volume=1|ref=CITEREFBriefe Therese Huber 1}}
• {{Cite book |last=Huber |first=Therese|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110931945/html |title=Briefe 1804–Juni 1807 |date=31 August 2015|orig-year=2003 |publisher=Max Niemeyer Verlag |isbn=978-3-11-093194-5 |editor1-last=Coleman Brandt |editor1-first=Diane |editor2-last=Kewitz|editor2-first=Jessica |editor3-last=Heuser |editor3-first=Magdalene |editor4-first=Andrea|editor4-last=Kiszio|editor5-last=Wulbusch|editor5-first=Petra|language=de |doi=10.1515/9783110931945|volume=2|ref=CITEREFBriefe Therese Huber 2}}
• {{Cite book |last=Huber |first=Therese|editor1-last=Wulbusch |editor1-first=Petra|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110965865/html |title=Briefe 1810–1811 |date=1 July 2015 |orig-year=2002|publisher=De Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-096586-5 |language=de |doi=10.1515/9783110965865|volume=4|ref=CITEREFBriefe Therese Huber 4}}
• {{Cite book |last=Huber |first=Therese|editor1-last=Heuser |editor1-first=Magdalene|editor2-last=Wulbusch|editor2-first=Petra|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110925715/html |title=Briefe 1812-Juni 1815 |date=14 September 2012|orig-year=2005 |publisher=Max Niemeyer Verlag |isbn=978-3-11-092571-5 |language=de |doi=10.1515/9783110925715|volume=5|ref=CITEREFBriefe Therese Huber 5}}
• {{Cite book |last=Huber |first=Therese|editor1-last=Heuser |editor1-first=Magdalene|editor2-last=Wulbusch|editor2-first=Petra|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110234114/html |title=Briefe Juli 1815 bis September 1818|date=23 December 2011 |publisher=Max Niemeyer Verlag |isbn=978-3-11-023411-4 |language=de |doi=10.1515/9783110234114|volume=6|ref=CITEREFBriefe Therese Huber 6}}
• {{Cite book |last=Huber |first=Therese|editor1-last=Stegmann |editor1-first=Jessica|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110289374/html |title=Briefe Oktober 1818 - 1820 |date=31 July 2013 |publisher=De Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-028937-4 |language=de |doi=10.1515/9783110289374|volume=7|ref=CITEREFBriefe Therese Huber 7}}
• {{Cite web |title=Greyerz, Gottlieb von |first=Katja|last=Hürlimann|url=https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/articles/045917/2006-01-24/ |access-date=16 March 2023 |website=Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz |language=de|date=24 January 2006}}
• {{Cite book |last=Jordan |first=Sabine Dorothea |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/721990490 |title=Ludwig Ferdinand Huber (1764 - 1804): his life and works |date=1978 |language=English |oclc=721990490|location=Stuttgart|publisher=Akademischer Verlag Heinz}}
• {{cite book |author-link1=Thomas P. Saine|last1=Saine |first1=Thomas P. |date=1972 |title=Georg Forster |url=https://archive.org/details/georgforster00sain|url-access=registration|location=New York, NY |publisher=Twayne Publishers |isbn=0-8057-2316-1}}
• {{Cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Lexikon der Künstlerinnen 1700-1900 |publisher=De Gruyter Saur |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110951370/html |last=Schmidt-Liebich |first=Jochen |date=20 April 2011 |language=de |doi=10.1515/9783110951370 |isbn=978-3-11-095137-0|page=173|title=Greyerz, Claire von|chapter=Lexikon der Künstlerinnen 1700-1900: Deutschland, Österreich, Schweiz }}
• {{Cite thesis |last=Sedda |first=Julia |title=Antikenrezeption und christliche Tradition im Scherenschnittwerk der Luise Duttenhofer (1776-1829) |date=2010 |degree=PhD |publisher=Universität Tübingen |url=https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/47076 |language=de}}
• {{Cite book|title=A voyage round the world |last=Forster|first=George |author-link=Georg Forster |date=2000 |publisher=University of Hawai'i Press |isbn=9780824861308 |location=Honolulu |oclc=70765538|editor1-last=Thomas |editor1-first=Nicholas |editor1-link=Nicholas Thomas (anthropologist) |editor2-last=Berghof |editor2-first=Oliver |contribution=Introduction|contributor1-last=Thomas |contributor1-first=Nicholas |contributor1-link=Nicholas Thomas (anthropologist) |contributor2-last=Berghof |contributor2-first=Oliver |pages=xix-xliii}}
• {{Cite book |last=Uhlig |first=Ludwig |url=http://archive.org/details/georgforsterlebe0000uhli |title=Georg Forster : Lebensabenteuer eines gelehrten Weltbürgers (1754-1794) |date=2004 |location=Göttingen |publisher=Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht |isbn=978-3-525-36731-5|url-access=registration|language=de}}
• {{Cite book |last=Wulbusch |first=Petra |url=http://archive.org/details/theresehuberunde0000wulb |title=Therese Huber und Emil von Herder : zum Geschlechterdiskurs um 1800 |date=2005 |publisher=Niemeyer |isbn=978-3-484-32124-3 |location=Tübingen|url-access=registration|language=de}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Greyerz, Claire von}}

Category:1789 births

Category:1839 deaths

Category:Artists from Mainz

Category:Silhouettists

Category:19th-century German women artists