Clare Martin

Martin was one of ten children. Her parents were Catholics and Democratic Labor Party supporters.Finnane, Kieran: [http://www.alicespringsnews.com.au/0917.html Ideals a family tradition for Clare Martin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070829162218/http://www.alicespringsnews.com.au/0917.html |date=29 August 2007 }}, Alice Springs News, 29 May 2002. Her uncle, Kevin Cairns, was a Liberal minister and MP in the McMahon government, but the family was not inclined towards his conservative politics. Martin's ancestry includes the Coughlin family, which also had NSW's first female statistician and the noted test cricketer Victor Trumper. The family was originally from County Offaly, Ireland, until the Cromwell invasion, then left County Cork in the 1850s just after the Great Famine. After attending Loreto Normanhurst, Martin graduated from the University of Sydney in 1975 with a Bachelor of Arts degree, in which her major study was Music.

Having spent time in London and other overseas cities, she began working as a typist for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation in Sydney in 1978. In 1979, she became a trainee reporter. After several years, she began to take an interest in presenting, but was told that she would not be given a position in Sydney unless she had experience elsewhere {{Citation needed|date=July 2007}}. In February 1983, Martin was then offered a six-month position {{Citation needed|date=July 2007}} presenting a morning radio show in Darwin for the ABC Radio station 5DR.

She had little intention of staying there, and briefly returned to Canberra in May 1983, before being offered a job in Sydney. However, at the same time, Martin's partner was offered a partner's position at the law firm he had worked in Darwin. He liked living in Darwin and was keen to take up the position, so Martin agreed to decline the Sydney job and return to Darwin in May 1985 where she gained another position on an ABC Radio morning show.

In 1986, Martin made the move to television, as the presenter of The 7.30 Report until 1988. After returning from long service leave where she cared for her two young children,[http://www.nt.alp.org.au/people/nt/martin_clare.php Clare Martin ALP biography] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070708153200/http://www.nt.alp.org.au/people/nt/martin_clare.php |date=8 July 2007}} Martin returned to work in 1990 to work on ABC Radio's morning program.

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Martin had been interested in political journalism for some years, although she was not a member of any party, believing that party affiliation compromises journalistic integrity. In 1994, she was approached to contest the Darwin Legislative Assembly seat of Casuarina for the Labor Party at the 1994 election. However, she was defeated by Country Liberal Party candidate Peter Adamson. She soon resigned from the party and returned to journalism, but when former CLP Chief Minister Marshall Perron resigned from his Darwin seat of Fannie Bay, Martin opted to contest the ensuing by-election as the Labor candidate. Fannie Bay, like most Darwin electorates, had been a CLP stronghold; Perron held it with a majority of 8 percent. However, in a considerable upset, Martin went on to win the seat by 69 votes, becoming one of only two ALP MLAs in Darwin.

Martin worked hard to retain her seat at the 1997 election, and was successful, holding Fannie Bay despite a heavy defeat for the ALP. She subsequently served as Shadow Minister for Lands under then leader Maggie Hickey. When Hickey unexpectedly resigned in February 1999, Martin was in a position to succeed her, and was soon elected party leader, and hence Opposition Leader. She soon emerged as a vocal critic of the Burke government's policy of mandatory sentencing, and began preparing the ALP for the next election, which was then two years away.

Martin faced her first electoral test as leader at the 2001 election. At the time, the Country Liberal Party had held office for 27 years, and Labor had never come particularly close to government. Indeed, it had never managed to win more than nine seats at any election. However, the ALP was coming off a particularly successful eighteen months, and Martin ran a skilled campaign. She was also able to take advantage of a number of gaffes made by then-Chief Minister Denis Burke, such as the decision to preference One Nation over the ALP – which lost the CLP a number of votes in crucial Darwin seats. The election also came during a bad time for the federal Coalition government, which was under fire for introducing a GST after previously vowing not to do so.

Despite this, most commentators were predicting the CLP would be returned for a ninth term in government, albeit with a reduced majority. However, in a shock result, Labor scored an eight-seat swing, achieving majority government by one seat. It did so on the strength of an unexpected Labor wave in Darwin. Labor had gone into the election holding only two seats in the capital—those of Martin and Paul Henderson—and had never held more than two seats in Darwin at any time. In the 2001 election, however, Labor took all but one seat in Darwin, including all seven seats in the northern part of the city. Darwin's northern suburbs are somewhat more diverse than the rest of the city. In the process, they ousted four sitting MLAs; Labor had not unseated a CLP incumbent since 1980.Green, Antony. [http://www.abc.net.au/elections/nt/2005/guide/summary.htm 2005 election summary]. ABC News, 15 April 2005. Although the CLP won a bare majority of the two-party vote, Labor's gains in Darwin were enough to make Martin the first ALP and first female Chief Minister in the history of the Northern Territory. Martin herself was reelected with a healthy swing of 9.2 percent in Fannie Bay, turning it into a safe Labor seat in one stroke.

As Chief Minister, Martin immediately set about making changes, repealing the territory's controversial mandatory sentencing laws, and introducing freedom of information legislation, which had been neglected during the CLP's 27-year rule. {{Citation needed|date=July 2007}}

Although Martin appointed Aboriginal Territorians to her cabinet, she has been criticised for not improving the lot of her Aboriginal constituents, who on average have a life expectancy well below that of white Australians. A respected commentator in The Bulletin suggested that she had gone slow on Aboriginal issues because she feared a white backlash that could have resulted in her government being toppled.{{Citation needed|date=July 2007}}

The life expectancy of the Northern Territory's Aboriginal citizens did not increase markedly during Martin's administration. {{Citation needed|date=July 2007}} Alcohol abuse continued to be a major issue in Aboriginal communities and third-world diseases like trachoma could be seen in remote Aboriginal townships.{{cite journal| url = http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/175_07_011001/taylor/taylor.html| title = eMJA: Taylor, Trachoma in Australia| journal = Medical Journal of Australia| date = 25 September 2001| volume = 175| issue = 7| last1 = Taylor| first1 = Hugh R.| pages = 371–372| doi = 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2001.tb143622.x| pmid = 11700815| s2cid = 46535213| url-access = subscription}} However, in 2006, Martin rejected accusations by John Howard and Federal Indigenous Affairs Minister, Mal Brough, that her government had been underfunding Aboriginal communities.{{cite news| url=http://www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,22008970-17001,00.html | title=Clare Martin denies underfunding Aboriginal communities – NEWS.com.au }} {{Dead link|date=June 2012|bot=RjwilmsiBot}} A summit between the federal and territory governments was proposed by Mal Brough in May 2006, but this was snubbed by Martin.{{cite web| url = http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2006/s1642122.htm| title = Lateline – 18 May 2006: Martin snubs summit| website = Australian Broadcasting Corporation| date = 18 May 2006}}

Martin was critical of the Federal Government's intervention in Aboriginal communities as announced in 2007. She opposed certain aspects of the intervention such as removal of the permit system. In response, the Federal Government rejected the Territory's argument, saying it was essential to remove artificial barriers to Aboriginal townships that prevent the measures needed to improve living conditions for Indigenous children{{cite web| url = http://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2007/s1973945.htm| title = PM – NT changes stance on Federal Indigenous plan| website = Australian Broadcasting Corporation}}

In the longer term, she oversaw the completion of the Adelaide-Darwin railway, which had begun under the Burke government, and vowed to resurrect the stalled statehood movement.{{Cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/stateline/nt/content/2003/s862748.htm |title=Stateline Northern Territory |website=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |access-date=16 July 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060521201247/http://www.abc.net.au/stateline/nt/content/2003/s862748.htm |archive-date=21 May 2006 |url-status=dead }} She also managed to markedly boost the ALP's standing among the electorate, as seen in the 2003 Katherine by-election, which saw a major swing to the party.

By 2005, the Northern Territory, under Martin's leadership, had achieved the following:

• the highest economic growth in Australia at 7.2 per cent
• the lowest small business taxes
• record population growth
• the highest building approval rates
• surging house prices and record levels of home ownership.
• Property crime almost halved
• Approval for $1 billion development of Darwin wharf precinct{{cite news| url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/National/The-race-is-on/2005/06/16/1118869048130.html | work=The Sydney Morning Herald | title=The race is on | date=17 June 2005}}

As Chief Minister, Martin led the ALP to the 2005 election, which was their first as an incumbent government in the Territory. Martin campaigned largely on law and order issues. It was predicted that the ALP would win a relatively narrow victory. However, in a result that had not been predicted by any commentators or even the most optimistic Labor observers, Martin led the ALP to a smashing victory. The final result gave 19 seats to the ALP, 4 to the opposition CLP and 2 to independents. The ALP won six seats from the CLP, four of which they had never won before in any election. Two of them were in Palmerston, an area where Labor had never previously come close to winning. In the most unexpected victory of all, the ALP even managed to unseat the Opposition Leader and former Chief Minister, Burke, in his own Palmerston-area electorate. Labor won the second-largest majority government in the history of the Territory, bettered only by the CLP's near-sweep of the Legislative Assembly at the first elections, in 1974.

On 10 September 2007, Queensland Premier Peter Beattie announced he would leave politics that week. This left Martin as Labor's longest-serving current state or territory leader, and as the longest-serving state or territory head of government in Australia, until she herself announced her resignation on 26 November 2007.

On 26 November 2007, Clare Martin and her deputy Syd Stirling announced their resignations at a media conference in Darwin.Murdoch, Lindsay: [http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/clare-martin-and-deputy-quit/2007/11/26/1195975915525.html Clare Martin and deputy quit], The Sydney Morning Herald, 26 November 2007. Education Minister Paul Henderson was elected as the new leader and Chief Minister by the ALP caucus.[https://web.archive.org/web/20071128102603/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/11/26/2101345.htm Henderson confirmed as new NT Chief Minister], Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 26 November 2007.

In 2008, Martin became chief executive officer of the Australian Council of Social Service, based in Sydney.{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2008-10-31/clare-martin-faces-new-challenges/189242|title=Clare Martin faces new challenges|work=ABC News|date=31 October 2008}} In August 2010 she returned to the Northern Territory to become a Professorial Fellow in the Public and Social Policy Research Institute at Charles Darwin University.{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/04/09/2868275.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101121133535/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/04/09/2868275.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 November 2010|title='Clare's back': Ex-Chief Minister returns|work=ABC News|date=9 April 2010}}

In June 2019, she was appointed as an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the people and Legislative Assembly of the Northern Territory, and as a community advocate.{{cite web |title=Clare Majella MARTIN AO |url=https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/2004731 |website=Australian Honours Search Facility |publisher=Australian Government |access-date=10 June 2019}}

• List of female heads of government in Australia

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• VIDEO: [https://web.archive.org/web/20090728193255/http://www.abc.net.au/tv/fora/stories/2009/07/10/2614992.htm Clare Martin talks at the Whitlam Institute about the GFC and the long-term unemployed] on [https://web.archive.org/web/20100515111448/http://www.abc.net.au/tv/fora/default.htm ABC Fora]
• {{Australian Women and Leadership|WLE0312b|Martin, Clare Majella}}

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Category:1952 births

Category:Living people

Category:Chief ministers of the Northern Territory

Category:Members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly

Category:Australian Labor Party members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly

Category:University of Sydney alumni

Category:Politicians from Sydney

Category:Place of birth missing (living people)

Category:Leaders of the opposition in the Northern Territory

Category:Treasurers of the Northern Territory

Category:Academic staff of Charles Darwin University

Category:Officers of the Order of Australia

Category:21st-century Australian women politicians

Category:21st-century Australian politicians

Category:Women heads of government of Australian states and territories

Category:Women members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly

Category:Australian women television journalists

Category:Journalists from Sydney