Cleon Throckmorton

File:Cleon Throckmorton NBS NIST 1918.jpg

Born in Absecon, just outside Atlantic City, New Jersey, Throckmorton's parents Ernest Upton Throckmorton and Roberta Cowing Throckmorton had moved to Washington, D.C. by 1912 where Ernest ran a cigar store.{{sfnm|Congressional Record|1966|1p=A531|The New York Times|1965|2p=37}} His mother was an artist employed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.{{sfn|Congressional Record|1966|p=A531}} Throckmorton's early years were spent in Atlantic City and Washington, D.C.{{sfn|Congressional Record|1966|p=A531}} He purportedly was deeply influenced by the gothic atmosphere of the American South which he drew upon in later years when he designed sets for All God's Chillun Got Wings (1924) and Porgy (1928).{{sfnm|Congressional Record|1966|1p=A531|The New York Times|1965|2p=37}}

As a young man, Throckmorton studied engineering at the Carnegie Institute of Technology from 1917–18 and George Washington University from 1918–19.{{sfn|The New York Times|1965|p=37}} As a student, he worked as a lab assistant at the National Institute of Standards and Technology.{{sfn|Martin|2021}} He developed an interest in painting, and studied painting with portraitist Charles Webster Hawthorne and Alexis Many.{{sfnm|The Washington Times|1921|1p=D9|The New York Times|1965|2p=37}} According to Throckmorton, his career began as a bet made with other artists in Washington, D.C. The artists claimed he could not succeed both in engineering and painting.{{sfn|Congressional Record|1966|p=A532}} Within a year, Throckmorton won the bet by graduating with an engineering degree and had an exposition of his paintings at the Biennial Exposition of Contemporary Artists.{{sfn|Congressional Record|1966|p=A532}} Attempting to reconcile his passion for painting with his love of engineering, he gradually became aware of "the perfect marriage of the two professions—set designing."{{sfn|Congressional Record|1966|p=A532}}

{{CSS image crop|Image=Krazy Kat LOC npcc.04658.jpg|bSize=500|cWidth=300|cHeight=200|oTop=125|oLeft=90|Location=left|Description=A 23-year-old Cleon Throckmorton, his 18-year-old future wife Kathryn "Kat" Mullin, and friends at the back alley entrance to the Krazy Kat in 1921.}}

After obtaining an engineering degree and following an exhibition of his paintings, Throckmorton began advertising himself as a specialist "in difficult tasks for the theater that require the combination of the artist and the engineer."{{sfn|Congressional Record|1966|p=A532}} Soon after, he became a frequent collaborator and associate with the African-American drama department at Howard University, a federally chartered historically black research university in Washington, D.C. He taught classes, produced plays, and designed sets at Howard University circa 1920–22.{{sfn|Congressional Record|1966|p=A532}}

While associated with Howard University, Throckmorton operated the Krazy Kat Klub, a raucous nightclub and speakeasy situated at No. 3 Green Court near Washington, D.C.'s Thomas Circle.{{sfnm|The Washington Post|1919|1p=5|The Washington Herald|1921|2p=22|Flambeau|1922|3p=7}} As a pre-Raphaelite impressionist, Throckmorton believed that artists should pursue their vocation day and night by surrounding themselves with appropriate settings that inspired creativity, and the venue fulfilled that purpose.{{sfn|The Washington Herald|1921|p=22}}

Due to its courtyard and tree-house, the establishment became as an idyllic haunt for artists, bohemians, flappers, and other free-wheeling "young moderns" during the Jazz Age.{{sfn|Flambeau|1922|p=7}} A frequent club habitué was Kathryn Marie "Kat" Mullin,{{efn|name=Mullin}} a model and sketch artist known for her radio performances as a singer and ukulele player with the Crandall Saturday Nighters.{{sfnm|Flambeau|1922|1p=7|The Evening Star|1925|2p=38}} During this period, a 24-year-old Throckmorton married his model and muse 19-year-old Kathryn Mullin on January 10, 1922, in Manhattan, New York.{{sfnm|Flambeau|1922|1p=7|The Evening Star|1925|2p=38}}

While operating the Krazy Kat Klub speakeasy in Washington, D.C., Throckmorton became acquainted with theater producer George Cram Cook, a key figure in the experimental theater collective known as the Provincetown Players located in Provincetown, Massachusetts.{{sfn|The New York Times|1965|p=37}} Cook had been impressed by Throckmorton's avant-garde work on Ridgely Torrence's Simon the Cyrenian at Howard University,{{sfn|Congressional Record|1966|p=A532}} and he offered Throckmorton the opportunity to design the sets for the upcoming first production of Eugene O'Neill's The Emperor Jones (1920).{{sfn|The New York Times|1965|p=37}} Throckmorton completed the sketches and sets in only three days, and the play opened to rave reviews on November 1, 1920.{{sfn|Congressional Record|1966|p=A532}}

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|footer = Throckmorton's lighting and set design for The Emperor Jones (1920) won him national acclaim and catapulted him into the cultural elite.

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Due to the ecstatic critical reception of Throckmorton's set work for The Emperor Jones, Throckmorton went on to work on stage design or set design for over six hundred productions during the next decade.{{sfnm|Congressional Record|1966|1p=A531|The New York Times|1965|2p=37}} His many works included The Hairy Ape (1922), In Abraham's Bosom (1926; Pulitzer Prize, 1927), Porgy (1928), the American premiere of The Threepenny Opera (1933), Sidney Howard's Alien Corn (1933), the 1935 American premiere of Federico García Lorca's Blood Wedding (retitled as The Bitter Oleanders), and a 1942 production of Nathan the Wise.{{sfnm|Guggenheim Fellowship|1935|Congressional Record|1966|2p=A532}} During this heyday of Throckmorton's career, it was said that the only person whose name appeared on more playbills than Throckmorton's was the fire commissioner.{{sfn|Somerset-Ward|2005|p=35}} Many notable artists and stage designers worked with Throckmorton at the Provincetown Players, including Mordecai Gorelik,{{sfn|Fletcher|2009|pp=27-29}} Alexander Calder,{{sfn|Perl|2017|pp=174-178}} and Robert Edmond Jones.

By 1928, following his divorce from his first wife Kathryn Mullin and his second marriage to screen actress Juliet Brenon,{{sfn|The New York Times|1927|p=E7}} Throckmorton had relocated to Hoboken, New Jersey, where he and his close friend, writer Christopher Morley, co-founded the Hoboken Theatrical Company.{{sfnm|The New York Times|1965|1p=37|Congressional Record|1966|2pp=A531–A532}} They produced at the Old Rialto Theatre a series of successful revivals of old-time melodramas from the gaslight era,{{sfn|The New York Times|1965|p=37}} "complete with peanuts—hisses for the villain and cheers for the heroes."{{sfn|Congressional Record|1966|p=A531}}

The efforts of Throckmorton and Morley led to a brief cultural flowering in the city.{{sfn|Congressional Record|1966|p=A531}} They concurrently produced an assortment of experimental crafts including an illustrated map of Hoboken,{{sfn|Morley|Throckmorton|1929}} Hoboken passports,{{sfn|Morley|Throckmorton|1930}} and a book, "Born in a Beer Garden, or She Troupes to Conquer" (1930), written with then-unknown poet Ogden Nash. Throckmorton and Morley later produced plays at the Millpond Playhouse in Roslyn, New York, including a well-received production of Morley's "The Trojan Horse".{{sfn|The New York Times|1965|p=37}}

{{CSS image crop|Image=Porgy-Catfish-Row.jpg|bSize=500|cWidth=300|cHeight=200|oTop=125|oLeft=90|Location=left|Description=Throckmorton's set design for Catfish Row as it appeared in Porgy (1928). Seven years later, this iconic set design was re-used for George Gershwin's musical adaptation Porgy and Bess (1935).}}

While residing in a studio at West Third Street in New York City during the early 1930s,{{sfn|The New York Times|1965|p=37}} Throckmorton produced a series of drawings which soon decorated the "Volare" restaurant in Greenwich Village in New York City, where they have been hanging since 1933.{{sfn|McBurnie|Hammer|2015}} In 1934, Throckmorton's four concept drawings for the scene designs in The Emperor Jones were included in the 1934 International Exhibition of Theatre Art at the Museum of Modern Art.{{sfnm|Museum of Modern Art|1934|1p=63|Cleon Throckmorton: MoMA Entry|2019}}

During this period, Throckmorton also became known as an architect and designer of theaters, working on the Cherry Lane Theatre in Greenwich Village, the Westport Country Playhouse in Connecticut, the Cape Playhouse at Dennis on Cape Cod, and many others.{{sfn|Congressional Record|1966|p=A532}} In 1935, he was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in Theatre Arts to study classic European theaters.{{sfn|Guggenheim Fellowship|1935}}

After his artistic zenith during the Jazz Age, Throckmorton's theatrical work steadily declined in the 1940s, and he was forced to move on to other ventures. He became an event planner, created murals for restaurants and nightclubs, and designed private homes. He also did pioneering television work designing simulations of historical events, battles, and other events that could not be filmed.{{sfn|Somerset-Ward|2005|p=35}} He became the first art director for the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) during the early years of television.{{sfn|Congressional Record|1966|p=A532}}

As his career declined, Throckmorton divided his time between his Greenwich Village apartment and a residence in the Bahamas.{{sfn|Congressional Record|1966|p=A531}} In his final years, Throckmorton lived with his second wife Juliet Brenon in semi-retirement at 33 South North Carolina Avenue in Atlantic City, New Jersey.{{sfnm|Congressional Record|1966|1p=A531|The New York Times|1965|2p=37}} He died at 68 years old on October 23, 1965.{{sfn|The New York Times|1965|p=37}} Nearly forty years after his death, he was posthumously inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame in 2002.{{sfn|Theater Hall of Fame|2002}}

Image:Katherine Mullen Krazy Kat Klub Crop.jpg

Throckmorton's first wife was Kathryn Marie "Kat" Mullin{{efn|name=Mullin|Although newspapers often spelled her name as "Katherine Mullen",{{sfnm|Flambeau|1922|1p=7|The Washington Herald|1926|2p=1}} she was born "Kathryn Mullin".{{sfn|The Register-Champion|1925}}}} (1902–1994).{{sfnm|Flambeau|1922|1p=7|The Register-Champion|1925|2p=1|The Washington Herald|1926|3p=1|New York Daily News|1926|4p=17}} A model, sketch artist and later costume designer, Mullin was a frequent habitué of Throckmorton's speakeasy known as "The Kat" in Washington, D.C., and she was known for her radio and stage performances as a singer and ukulele player with the Crandall Saturday Nighters.{{sfnm|Flambeau|1922|1p=7|The Evening Star|1925|2p=38|Buffalo Courier Express|1926|3p=11}} For her stage performances, she was billed as "The Girl With the Million Dollar Legs."{{sfn|Buffalo Courier Express|1926|p=11}} When not performing, she was a renowned expert in women's saber fencing and gave public exhibitions.{{sfn|The Herald Statesman|1923|p=20}}

After four years of marriage, Kathryn sued Cleon for divorce on December 17, 1926, after catching him in an extramarital affair with an unidentified woman—possibly silent movie actress Juliet Brenon—in their Greenwich Village apartment in New York City.{{sfn|The Washington Herald|1926|p=1}} Kathryn's friend, African-American stage actress Blanche Dunn, served as a witness on her behalf in the divorce suit.{{sfn|The Washington Herald|1926|p=1}} Cleon did not contest the divorce, and Kathryn did not seek alimony.{{sfnm|The Washington Herald|1926|1p=1|New York Daily News|1926|2p=17}} After her uncontested divorce from Throckmorton, Kathryn married New York Daily News political journalist John Parsons O'Donnell on May 6, 1927, in a civil ceremony,{{sfn|Star-Gazette|1927|p=15}} but they divorced shortly thereafter in 1929.

Immediately after his divorce from Kathryn Mullin, Throckmorton married his second wife, silent movie actress Juliet Brenon (1895–1979) on March 13, 1927.{{sfnm|The New York Times|1927|1p=E7|The New York Times|1965|2p=37|The New York Times|1979|3p=D13}} The Brenons were a musical and theatrical family; her father Algernon had been a music critic, and her uncle Herbert Brenon was a prolific film director who directed the first cinematic adaptation of The Great Gatsby in 1926.{{sfnm|Ditta|2018|Green|1926|2p=14}} Juliet's sister Aileen (1894–1967) was a music critic and theatrical publicist whose husband was art critic Thomas Craven.{{sfn|Ditta|2018}}

During the 1930s, Throckmorton's and Brenon's Greenwich Village apartment became an after-hours salon for thespians, artists, and intellectuals such as Noël Coward, Norman Bel Geddes, Eugene O'Neill, and E.E. Cummings.{{sfnm|The New York Times|1965|1p=37|The New York Times|1979|2p=D13|Congressional Record|1966|3p=A531}} Their politically leftward salon notably raised funds for the Republican faction during the Spanish Civil War.{{sfn|The New York Times|1965|p=37}}

• Krazy Kat Klub

{{commons category|Cleon Throckmorton}}

{{notelist}}

{{reflist|30em}}

{{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}

• {{Cite news | title = Army-Navy Game To Be Broadcast: 'Saturday Nighters' Featured | date = November 28, 1925 | work = The Evening Star | page = 38 | location = Washington, D.C. | url = https://www.newspapers.com/image/618344469/ | url-access = subscription | access-date = October 20, 2020 | ref = {{harvid|The Evening Star|1925}} | via = Newspapers.com}}
• {{Cite web | title = Cleon Throckmorton: International Exhibition of Theatre Art (Jan 15–Feb 25, 1934) | year = 2019 | website = Museum of Modern Art | location = Manhattan, New York City | url = https://www.moma.org/artists/65776 | access-date = October 20, 2020 | ref = {{harvid|Cleon Throckmorton: MoMA Entry|2019}}}}
• {{Cite news | title = Cleon Throckmorton, 68, Dead; Designed O'Neill Stage Settings | date = October 25, 1965 | work = The New York Times | page = 37 | location = New York City | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1965/10/25/archives/icleon-throckmorton-68-dead-designed-oneill-stage-settings.html | url-access = subscription | access-date = October 20, 2020 | ref = {{harvid|The New York Times|1965}}}}
• {{Cite book | entry = Cleon Throckmorton: Extension of Remarks of Hon. Harrison A. Williams, Jr. of New Jersey in the Senate of the United States | title = Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the United States Congress | date = February 4, 1966 | publisher = United States Government Printing Office | location = Washington, D.C. | volume = 112 (Part 24) | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=EDk4AQAAMAAJ&pg=SL1-PA531 | pages = A531–A532 | ref = {{harvid|Congressional Record|1966}}}}
• {{Cite web | last = Ditta | first = Joseph | title = Guide to the Aileen St. John-Brenon Papers (1920-1947 ) | date = February 16, 2018 | website = New-York Historical Society | location = New York City | url = http://dlib.nyu.edu/findingaids/html/nyhs/ms3045_brenon/bioghist.html | quote = Aileen's grandfather was the English dramatic critic Edward St. John-Brenon. Her uncle, Herbert Brenon (1880–1958), was a motion picture director perhaps best known for the silent films Peter Pan (1924) and Beau Geste (1926). Aileen's younger sister, Juliet St. John-Brenon (1895–1979), was an actress who appeared in some of their Uncle Herbert's films. Juliet married well-known set designer Cleon "Throck" Throckmorton (1897-1965), who maintained an active studio in bohemian Greenwich Village. | access-date = October 20, 2020 }}
• {{Cite news | title = Engagements: Brenon–Throckmorton | date = May 1, 1927 | work = The New York Times | location = New York City | page = E7 | url = https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1927/05/01/96643860.html?pageNumber=75 | url-access = subscription | access-date = October 8, 2020 | quote = Mrs. Algernon St. John Brenon of the Hotel Iroquois has announced the engagement of her younger daughter, Miss Juliet Brenon, to Cleon Throckmorton of Washington, D.C., and this city. Miss Brenon is the daughter of the late A. St. John Brenon, who was well known in New York and Europe as a music critic. | ref = {{harvid|The New York Times|1927}}}}
• {{Cite news | title = Ex-D.C. Artist Is Sued By Wife In N.Y. Divorce | date = December 17, 1926 | work = The Washington Herald | page = 1 | edition = Saturday | location = Washington, D.C. | url = https://www.newspapers.com/image/1042711942/ | url-access = subscription | access-date = May 4, 2024 | ref = {{harvid|The Washington Herald|1926}} | via = Newspapers.com}}
• {{Cite news | title = Fencing Matches at Briarcliff Tonight | date = June 22, 1923 | work = The Herald Statesman | page = 20 | edition = Friday | location = White Plains, New York | url = https://www.newspapers.com/image/676826014/ | url-access = subscription | access-date = May 4, 2024 | ref = {{harvid|The Herald Statesman|1923}} | via = Newspapers.com}}
• {{Cite news | last = Flambeau | first = Victor | title = Flambeau Finds Washington's Bohemia In Hidden Haunt Where Cleon Throckmorton Stages His First Exhibition | date = February 5, 1922 | work = The Washington Times | page = 7 | edition = Sunday | location = Washington, D.C. | url = https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/dlc_yorkie_ver01/data/sn84026749/00280764838/1922020501/0093.pdf | access-date = October 20, 2020 | via = Library of Congress}}
• {{Cite book | last = Fletcher | first = Anne | title = Rediscovering Mordecai Gorelik: Scene Design and the American Theatre | date = March 30, 2009 | publisher = Southern Illinois University Press | location = Carbondale, Illinois | isbn = 978-0-8093-2880-2 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ubxMY-T8-G4C | access-date = October 20, 2020 | via = Google Books}}
• {{Cite news | title = Former Horseheads Girl Becomes Bride | date = May 9, 1927 | work = Star-Gazette | page = 15 | edition = Monday | location = Elmira, New York | url = https://www.newspapers.com/image/274146390/ | url-access = subscription | access-date = May 4, 2024 | ref = {{harvid|Star-Gazette|1927}} | via = Newspapers.com}}
• {{Cite magazine | last = Green | first = Abel | author-link = Abel Green | title = Film Review: The Great Gatsby | date = November 24, 1926 | magazine = Variety | page = 14 | location = Los Angeles, California | url = https://archive.org/stream/variety85-1926-11#page/n189/mode/1up | access-date = October 8, 2020 | via = Internet Archive}}
• {{Cite web | title = Guggenheim Fellows Biography of Cleon Throckmorton | website = John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation | location = New York City | url = https://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/cleon-throckmorton/ | access-date = October 20, 2020 | ref = {{harvid|Guggenheim Fellowship|1935}}}}
• {{Cite news | title = Has Washington Genuine Art Colony, Asks Scientist: Visits Krazy Kat | date = July 31, 1921 | work = The Washington Herald | page = 22 | location = Washington, D.C. | url = https://www.newspapers.com/image/76050436/ | url-access = subscription | access-date = October 4, 2020 | ref = {{harvid|The Washington Herald|1921}} | via = Newspapers.com}}
• {{Cite news | title = I Don't Want Alimony! | date = December 18, 1926 | work = Daily News | page = 17 | edition = Saturday | location = New York | url = https://www.newspapers.com/image/411495068/ | url-access = subscription | access-date = May 4, 2024 | ref = {{harvid|New York Daily News|1926}} | via = Newspapers.com}}
• {{Cite report | title = International Exhibition of Theatre Art (Jan 15–Feb 25, 1934) | year = 1934 | website = Museum of Modern Art | page = 63 | location = Manhattan, New York City | url = https://assets.moma.org/documents/moma_master-checklist_332991.pdf | access-date = October 20, 2020 | ref = {{harvid|Museum of Modern Art|1934}}}}
• {{Cite news | title = Juliet B. Throckmorton | date = November 22, 1979 | work = The New York Times | page = D13 | location = New York City | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1979/11/22/archives/obituary-1-no-title.html | url-access = subscription | access-date = October 20, 2020 | ref = {{harvid|The New York Times|1979}}}}
• {{Cite web | last = Martin | first = Keith | title = The Pandemic Poet and Other Tales From a NIST 'Genealogy' Project | date = May 19, 2021 | website = National Institute of Standards and Technology | location = Gaithersburg, Maryland | url = https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/pandemic-poet-and-other-tales-nist-genealogy-project | access-date = December 21, 2021}}
• {{Cite magazine | last1 = McBurnie | first1 = Karen | last2 = Hammer | first2 = Jon | title = A Quick One at the Krazy Kat Klub | date = July 9, 2015 | magazine = Grade A Fancy Magazine | location = New York City | url = https://www.grade-a-fancy-magazine.com/2015/07/a-quick-one-at-krazy-kat-klub_8.html | access-date = October 20, 2020}}
• {{Cite web | last1 = Morley | first1 = Christopher | last2 = Throckmorton | first2 = Cleon | title = Bird's-eye View of Hoboken, New Jersey, U.S.A. New York's Last Seacoast of Bohemia. Issued 1929 by Christopher Morley et al. | year = 1929 | website = Hoboken Historical Museum | location = Hoboken, New Jersey | url = https://hoboken.pastperfectonline.com/archive/A14E8431-FFCD-4D6D-86FA-401778173210 | access-date=October 20, 2020}}
• {{Cite web | last1 = Morley | first1 = Christopher | last2 = Throckmorton | first2 = Cleon | title = Passport. Hoboken Free State. Issued by Christopher Morley and Cleon Throckmorton. No. 51. Issued to J. Brooks Atkinson, February 3, 1930. | date = February 3, 1930 | website = Hoboken Historical Museum | location = Hoboken, New Jersey | url = https://hoboken.pastperfectonline.com/archive/EC2806A5-5D51-4AB0-9FAF-115931825540 | access-date = October 20, 2020}}
• {{Cite book | last = Perl | first = Jed | title = Calder: The Conquest of Time: The Early Years: 1898-1940 | date = October 24, 2017 | publisher = Knopf Doubleday | location = Broadway, New York City | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=0Q8cDgAAQBAJ|isbn=978-0-451-49421-4 | access-date = October 20, 2020}}
• {{Cite news | title = Robt. Baldwin Marries Eastern Girl | date = June 18, 1925 | work = The Register-Champion | page = 1 | edition = Thursday | location = Hebron, Nebraska | url = https://www.newspapers.com/image/701848583/ | url-access = subscription | access-date = May 6, 2024 | ref = {{harvid|The Register-Champion|1925}} | via = Newspapers.com}}
• {{Cite news | title = Row In Krazy Kat Lands 14 In Jail: Carefree Bohemians Start Rough-House and Cop Raids Rendezvous | date = February 22, 1919 | newspaper = The Washington Post | page = 5 | location = Washington, D.C. | url = https://www.newspapers.com/image/28938869/ | url-access = subscription | access-date = October 4, 2020 | ref = {{harvid|The Washington Post|1919}} | via = Newspapers.com}}
• {{Cite book | last = Somerset-Ward | first = Richard | title = An American Theatre: The Story of Westport Country Playhouse, 1931-2005 | year = 2005 | page = 35 | publisher = Yale University Press | location = New Haven, Connecticut | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=7wbvVZvDjrYC | isbn = 978-0-300-10648-0 | access-date = October 20, 2020}}
• {{Cite web | title = Theater Hall of Fame: Cleon Throckmorton | year = 2002 | website = American Theatre Critics Association | location = Waterford, Connecticut | url = http://www.americantheatrecritics.org/theatre-hall-of-fame | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100517061142/http://www.americantheatrecritics.org/theatre-hall-of-fame |archive-date = May 17, 2010 | url-status = dead | access-date = October 20, 2020 | ref = {{harvid|Theater Hall of Fame|2002}}}}
• {{Cite news | title = Thrilling War of the Rival Amateur Theaters Now Rages | date = April 18, 1926 | work = Buffalo Courier Express | page = 11 | edition = Sunday | location = Buffalo, New York | url = https://www.newspapers.com/image/888454523/ | url-access = subscription | access-date = May 4, 2024 | ref = {{harvid|Buffalo Courier Express|1926}} | via = Newspapers.com}}
• {{Cite news | title = Throckmorton Scenic Artist of Real Skill | date = December 11, 1921 | work = The Washington Times | page = D9 | edition = Sunday | location = Washington, D.C. | url = https://www.newspapers.com/image/79957501/ | url-access = subscription | quote = Cleon Throckmorton, well known Washingtonian and founder of the Crazy Kat Restaurant, is rapidly acquiring a reputation as a scene designer of parts through his association with the Provincetown Players of New York. | access-date=October 20, 2020 | ref = {{harvid|The Washington Times|1921}} | via = Newspapers.com}}

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Category:1897 births

Category:1965 deaths

Category:20th-century American painters

Category:American scenic designers

Category:Broadway scenic designers

Category:American theatre designers

Category:People from Absecon, New Jersey

Category:Artists from New Jersey

Category:20th-century American male writers

Category:Carnegie Mellon University alumni

Category:George Washington University people