Clivia miniata

Clivia miniata has a fleshy, mostly underground stem (rhizome) to {{convert|2|cm|0|abbr=on}} in diameter, with numerous fleshy roots. The stem produces long, arching, strap-like leaves growing to about {{convert|45|cm|0|abbr=on}} long, arranged in two opposing rows (distichous). The showy, funnel-shaped flowers are produced in an umbel-shaped inflorescence, colored red, orange or yellow, sometimes with a faint, but very sweet perfume. The fruit is a bright-red spherical berry to {{convert|5|cm|0|abbr=on}} in diameter, producing one to a few seeds.{{cite web |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/62884/62884-h/62884-h.htm |title=The Flowering Plants of South Africa; vol. 1/3 |access-date=2021-03-25}}

It is sometimes known in cultivation as "Kaffir lily" (a term considered extremely offensive in South Africa).{{cite web |url=http://www.plantingflowerbulbs.com/kaffir-lily.htm |title=Information about Kaffir Lily |access-date=2011-10-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205045449/http://www.plantingflowerbulbs.com/kaffir-lily.htm |archive-date=2017-02-05 }} The same derogatory name is also applied to the genus Hesperantha (formerly Schizostylis).

It contains small amounts of lycorine, making it poisonous.

The genus Clivia, was named after the Duchess of Northumberland, Lady Charlotte Clive, who first cultivated the plant in England and provided the flowers for the type specimen. The Latin specific epithet miniata means “cinnabar", the color of red lead, referring to the flowers.{{cite web |url=http://pza.sanbi.org/clivia-miniata |title=Clivia miniata - PlantZAfrica|access-date=2021-03-25}}

In cooler or temperate regions, C. miniata is normally cultivated as a houseplant. Within US hardiness zones 9–11, or anywhere where frost is not a threat, it may be grown in the ground outdoors, year-round, provided the average temperature is between {{convert|5|C|F}} to {{convert|29|C|F}}. Like its relative, C. nobilis, it has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit,{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Clivia miniata|url=

https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/4036/Clivia-miniata/Details | access-date=15 April 2020}} along with the variety C. miniata var. citrina{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Clivia miniata var. 'citrina'|url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/4039/Clivia-miniata-var-citrina/Details | access-date=15 April 2020}} (confirmed 2017).{{cite web | url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants - Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 22 | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | access-date = 24 January 2018}} In warmer sites, it is frequently seen in public installations and is used in shaded landscapes for its attractive, evergreen foliage and showy sprays of flowers. This clump-forming plant spreads via rhizomes, and is naturally well-suited for tranquil, protected spaces.{{Cite web|url=http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=b549|title=Clivia miniata - Plant Finder|website=www.missouribotanicalgarden.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-07-05}}

Cultivars include Clivia miniata 'Kirstenbosch Splendour', bred by Graham Duncan, which illustrates the cover of the Kirstenbosch centenary book (2013).{{sfn|Hartigh|2013}}

File:CliviaMiniata.jpg

File:Clivia miniata2.jpg

File:Cliviaminiata2.jpg|{{center|Clivia miniata var. citrina}}

File:Clivia Miniata.jpg

File:Clivia miniata var. citrina00.jpg|{{center|Clivia miniata var. citrina fruit}}

File:Clivia miniata var. citrina02.jpg|{{center|Clivia miniata var. citrina seed}}

File:Clivia miniata orange-flowered form Flowers.JPG|{{center|Orange flowered form}}

File:Clivia miniata.jpg

File:Flowering Bush Lily.jpg

File:Clivia miniata variegata.jpg

• List of poisonous plants
• List of plants known as lily

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• {{cite web|last1=Hartigh|first1=Wilma den|title=Kirstenbosch celebrated in print|url=http://www.mediaclubsouthafrica.com/visitsa/3214-kirstenbosch-centenary-book|website=Media Club South Africa|access-date=16 November 2016|date=17 January 2013|archive-date=17 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117063313/http://www.mediaclubsouthafrica.com/visitsa/3214-kirstenbosch-centenary-book|url-status=dead}}

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• https://web.archive.org/web/20181103025333/http://cliviabase.co.za/
• http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/k_lily.htm
• http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantcd/cliviaminiata.htm

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Category:Amaryllidoideae

Category:Flora of Southern Africa

Category:Garden plants

Category:Garden plants of Southern Africa

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