Clofoctol
{{Short description|Chemical compound}}
{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc|display-authors=6}}
{{Drugbox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 443553734
| IUPAC_name = 2-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-
4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol
| image = Clofoctol.svg
| alt = Structural formula of clofoctol
| width = 250
| image2 = Clofoctol 3D ball.png
| alt2 = Ball-and-stick model of the clofoctol molecule
| width2 = 220
| tradename =
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|international|clofoctol}}
| pregnancy_AU =
| pregnancy_US =
| pregnancy_category =
| legal_AU =
| legal_CA =
| legal_UK =
| legal_US =
| legal_status =
| routes_of_administration = Rectal (suppository)
| protein_bound =
| metabolism = Hepatic glucuronidation
| elimination_half-life =
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 37693-01-9
| ATC_prefix = J01
| ATC_suffix = XX03
| PubChem = 2799
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank =
| ChEMBL = 1476605
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 2697
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 704083NI0R
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D07244
| C=21 | H=26 | Cl=2 | O=1
| smiles = Clc1cc(Cl)ccc1Cc2cc(ccc2O)C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C21H26Cl2O/c1-20(2,3)13-21(4,5)16-7-9-19(24)15(11-16)10-14-6-8-17(22)12-18(14)23/h6-9,11-12,24H,10,13H2,1-5H3
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = HQVZOORKDNCGCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
}}
Clofoctol is a bacteriostatic antibiotic. It is used in the treatment of respiratory tract and ear, nose and throat infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria.{{cite web | url = http://www.torrinomedica.it/studio/schedefarmaci/GRAMPLUS.htm | title = Gramplus | date = July 25, 2007 | access-date = 2007-08-10 | publisher = Studio Medico Torrino | language = it | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160308161155/http://www.torrinomedica.it/studio/schedefarmaci/gramplus.htm | archive-date = March 8, 2016 | url-status = dead }}
It has been marketed in France till 2005 under the trade name Octofene and in Italy as Gramplus.{{cn|date=February 2023}}
It is only functional against Gram-positive bacteria.{{cite journal | vauthors = Combe J, Simonnet F, Yablonsky F, Simonnet G | title = [Clofoctol binding by the bacteria (author's transl)] | language = fr | journal = Journal de Pharmacologie | volume = 11 | issue = 4 | pages = 411–425 | year = 1980 | pmid = 6782374 }}
A French company, Apteeus had been developing clofoctol as a potential therapy against SARS-CoV-2 in 2020-2021, but eventually the repurposing of the drug was abandoned, due to a lack of volunteers.{{cite web | vauthors = Marcelli S |date=2020-10-13 |title=Pasteur Lille obtient 5 M€ de LVMH pour repositionner un ancien médicament, l'Octofene, sur le traitement du Covid | trans-title = Pasteur Lille obtains €5 million from LVMH to reposition an old drug, Octofene, for the treatment of Covid |url=https://www.aefinfo.fr/depeche/637456-pasteur-lille-obtient-5-m-de-lvmh-pour-repositionner-un-ancien-medicament-l-octofene-sur-le-traitement-du-covid |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017080026/https://www.aefinfo.fr/depeche/637456-pasteur-lille-obtient-5-m-de-lvmh-pour-repositionner-un-ancien-medicament-l-octofene-sur-le-traitement-du-covid |archive-date=2020-10-17 |access-date=2020-10-13 |publisher=AEF info |language=fr}}{{cite news | vauthors = Haroche F |date=2021-09-13 |title=La piste clofoctol. Interview du Pr Xavier Nassif |url=https://www.jim.fr/medecin/actualites/pro_societe/e-docs/la_piste_clofoctol._interview_du_pr_xavier_nassif_189116/document_actu_pro.phtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210913114311/https://www.jim.fr/medecin/actualites/pro_societe/e-docs/la_piste_clofoctol._interview_du_pr_xavier_nassif_189116/document_actu_pro.phtml |archive-date=2021-09-13 |newspaper=Jim.fr}}{{Cite web |date=2021-05-21 |title=Hope for an Anti-COVID Drug |url=https://www.arte.tv/en/videos/100942-000-A/arte-reportage/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527231142/https://www.arte.tv/en/videos/100942-000-A/arte-reportage/ |archive-date=2022-05-27 |access-date=2024-06-03 |website=arte.tv |series=ARTE Reportage |publisher=ARTE G.E.I.E. |language=en}}{{Cite web | vauthors = Blanquart J, Tonolli F |date=2022-07-04 |title=La molécule miracle ! |trans-title=The miracle molecule! |url=https://www.weo.fr/video/docu-la-molecule-miracle/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220716033140/https://www.weo.fr/video/docu-la-molecule-miracle/ |archive-date=2022-07-16 |access-date=2024-06-03 |website=Wéo |language=fr}}{{Cite web | vauthors = Mounier JL |date=2020-10-01 |title=French institute aims to start human trials of 'promising' Covid-19 drug this winter |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20201001-french-institute-aims-to-start-human-trials-of-promising-covid-19-drug-this-winter |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001123214/https://www.france24.com/en/20201001-french-institute-aims-to-start-human-trials-of-promising-covid-19-drug-this-winter |archive-date=2020-10-01 |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=France 24 |language=en}}{{Cite web | vauthors = Demollien N |date=2020-06-20 |title=Covid-19 : un reportage sur les chercheurs de l'institut Pasteur de Lille ce samedi sur Arte | trans-title = Covid-19: a report on researchers from the Pasteur Institute in Lille this Saturday on Arte |url=https://actu.fr/hauts-de-france/lille_59350/covid-19-un-reportage-sur-les-chercheurs-de-l-institut-pasteur-de-lille-ce-samedi-sur-arte_34408184.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200621221300/https://actu.fr/hauts-de-france/lille_59350/covid-19-un-reportage-sur-les-chercheurs-de-l-institut-pasteur-de-lille-ce-samedi-sur-arte_34408184.html |archive-date=2020-06-21 |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=actu.fr |language=fr}} A mouse study showed repurposed drug clofoctol blocks SARS-CoV-2 replication.{{Cite web | vauthors = Thomas L |date=2022-05-23 |title=Repurposed drug clofoctol blocks SARS-CoV-2 replication in mouse study |url=https://www.news-medical.net/news/20220523/Repurposed-drug-clofoctol-blocks-SARS-CoV-2-replication-in-mouse-study.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523092640/https://www.news-medical.net/news/20220523/Repurposed-drug-clofoctol-blocks-SARS-CoV-2-replication-in-mouse-study.aspx |archive-date=2022-05-23 |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=News-Medical |language=en}}{{cite journal | vauthors = Belouzard S, Machelart A, Sencio V, Vausselin T, Hoffmann E, Deboosere N, Rouillé Y, Desmarets L, Séron K, Danneels A, Robil C, Belloy L, Moreau C, Piveteau C, Biela A, Vandeputte A, Heumel S, Deruyter L, Dumont J, Leroux F, Engelmann I, Alidjinou EK, Hober D, Brodin P, Beghyn T, Trottein F, Deprez B, Dubuisson J | title = Clofoctol inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication and reduces lung pathology in mice | journal = PLOS Pathogens | volume = 18 | issue = 5 | pages = e1010498 | date = May 2022 | pmid = 35587469 | pmc = 9119441 | doi = 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010498 | doi-access = free | veditors = Menachery VD }}