Clostridioides

{{Short description|Genus of bacteria}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Clostridium difficile 01.jpg

| image_caption = SE micrograph of Clostridioides difficile colonies from a stool sample

| taxon = Clostridioides

| authority = Lawson and Rainey 2016{{cite web |author=A.C. Parte |url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/clostridioides |title=Clostridioides |access-date=2023-09-09 |publisher=List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) |display-authors=et al.}}

| type_species = Clostridioides difficile

| type_species_authority = (Hall & O'Toole 1935) Lawson et al. 2016

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision =

| synonyms =

  • "Peptoclostridium" Yutin & Galperin 2013 non Galperin et al. 2016 non Donker 1926

}}

Clostridioides is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria, which includes Clostridioides difficile, a human pathogen causing an infectious diarrhea.

Taxonomy

The genus Clostridioides was created to describe a few species formerly in the genus Clostridium which have been shown to be their own genetically distinct genus using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis.{{cite journal |last1=Lawson |first1=Paul A. |last2=Citron |first2=Diane M. |last3=Tyrrell |first3=Kerin L. |last4=Finegold |first4=Sydney M. |title=Reclassification of Clostridium difficile as Clostridioides difficile (Hall and O'Toole 1935) Prévot 1938 |journal=Anaerobe |date=August 2016 |volume=40 |pages=95–99 |doi=10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.06.008 |pmid=27370902 }} However, both names are still in use and valid under the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes.{{cite journal |last1=Oren |first1=Aharon |last2=Rupnik |first2=Maja |title=Clostridium difficile and Clostridioides difficile: Two validly published and correct names |journal=Anaerobe |date=August 2018 |volume=52 |pages=125–126 |doi=10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.07.005 |pmid=30031828 |s2cid=51707574 }}

Since C. mangenotii was further separated into a distinct genus in 2024,{{cite journal|last1=Bello|first1=Sarah|last2=McQuay|first2=Sarah|last3=Rudra|first3=Bashudev|last4=Gupta|first4=Radhey|title=Robust demarcation of the family Peptostreptococcaceae and its main genera based on phylogenomic studies and taxon-specific molecular markers |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology|volume=74|issue=2|year=2024|doi=10.1099/ijsem.0.006247|pmid=38319314|doi-access=free}} Clostridioides is a monotypic genus.

Description

They are obligate anaerobes capable of producing endospores. The normal, reproducing cells of Clostridioides, called the vegetative form, are rod-shaped, which gives them their name, from the Greek κλωστήρ or spindle. Clostridioides endospores, like Clostridium endospores, have a distinct bowling pin or bottle shape, distinguishing them from other bacterial endospores, which are usually ovoid in shape.{{fact|date=June 2019}}

See also

References