Cnidoscolus

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}

{{Automatic taxobox

|image = Cnidoscolous souzae1.jpg

|image_caption = Cnidoscolus souzae

|display_parents = 2

|taxon = Cnidoscolus

|authority = Pohl{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?2729 |title=Genus: Cnidoscolus Pohl |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2004-04-13 |access-date=2011-02-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629220057/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?2729 |archive-date=2011-06-29 |url-status=dead }}

|type_species =

|type_species_authority = Pohllectotype designated by Small in Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2, 2: 462 (1913)

|synonyms_ref =

|synonyms = *Bivonea Raf.

• Jussieuia Houst.
• Victorinia Léon

}}

Cnidoscolus is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1827.{{Cite book |last=Pohl |first=Johann Emanuel |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9622#page/79/mode/1up |title=Plantarum Brasiliae icones et descriptiones hactenus ineditae :iussu et auspiciis Francisci Primi, imperatoris et regis augustissimi |last2=Pohl |first2=Johann Emanuel |last3=Häussle |first3=J. |last4=Sandler |first4=Wilhelm |last5=Strauss |first5=Antonii |last6=Weigel |first6=T. O. |date=1827 |publisher=Antonii Strauss |volume=v.1-2 |location=Vindobonae [Vienna]}}[http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40010816 Tropicos, Cnidoscolus Pohl ] The group is widespread across much of North and South America, including the West Indies.[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=44156 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.Forzza, R. C. 2010. Lista de espécies Flora do Brasil {{cite web|url=http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2015-08-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906080403/http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/ |archive-date=2015-09-06 }}. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de JaneiroGonzález Ramírez, J. 2010. Euphorbiaceae. En: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica. Vol. 5. B.E. Hammel, M.H. Grayum, C. Herrera & N. Zamora (eds.). Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 119: 290–394.Martínez Gordillo, M., J. J. Ramírez, R. C. Durán, E. J. Arriaga, R. García, A. Cervantes & R. M. Hernández. 2002. Los géneros de la familia Euphorbiaceae en México. Anales del Instituto de Biología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Botánica 73(2): 155–281.{{Cite web |title=2013 BONAP North American Plant Atlas. TaxonMaps |url=https://bonap.net/NAPA/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Cnidoscolus |access-date=2025-02-10 |website=bonap.net}}

The name is derived from the Greek words κνίδη (knide), meaning "nettle," and σκόλοψ (skolops), meaning "thorn" or "prickle."{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eS7lX_rC3GEC |first=Daniel F. |last=Austin |title=Florida Ethnobotany |publisher=CRC Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-8493-2332-4 |page=355}}

;Species

{{Columns-list|colwidth=30em|

1. Cnidoscolus aconitifolius - Mexico, Central America
2. Cnidoscolus acrandrus - Dominican Rep
3. Cnidoscolus aculeatissimus - Goiás, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro
4. Cnidoscolus adenoblepharus - Bahia
5. Cnidoscolus adenochlamys - N Brazil, the Guianas
6. Cnidoscolus aequatoriensis - Ecuador
7. Cnidoscolus albibracteatus - Guerrero
8. Cnidoscolus albidus - NE Mexico
9. Cnidoscolus albomaculatus - Paraguay, S Brazil, NE Argentina
10. Cnidoscolus angustidens - Mexico, Arizona
11. Cnidoscolus appendiculatus - Paraguay, Misiones
12. Cnidoscolus aurelii - Tocantins
13. Cnidoscolus autlanensis - Jalisco
14. Cnidoscolus bahianus - Brazil
15. Cnidoscolus basiacanthus - Peru
16. Cnidoscolus beckii - Bolivia
17. Cnidoscolus bellator - W Cuba
18. Cnidoscolus byssinus - Bahia
19. Cnidoscolus cajamarcensis - Peru
20. Cnidoscolus calcareus - Mato Grosso do Sul
21. Cnidoscolus calyptratus - Goiás
22. Cnidoscolus calyptrodontus - Bahia
23. Cnidoscolus ceballosii - Bahia
24. Cnidoscolus cervii - Mato Grosso do Sul
25. Cnidoscolus conicus - Minas Gerais
26. Cnidoscolus diacanthus - Peru
27. Cnidoscolus egregius - Puebla, Oaxaca
28. Cnidoscolus elasticus - N + C Mexico
29. Cnidoscolus fimbriatus - Venezuela
30. Cnidoscolus froesii - Brazil
31. Cnidoscolus graminifolius - Tocantins
32. Cnidoscolus guatimalensis - Guatemala
33. Cnidoscolus halteris - Pernambuco, Bahia
34. Cnidoscolus hamosus - E Brazil
35. Cnidoscolus hypokerinus - Bahia
36. Cnidoscolus hypoleucus - Peru
37. Cnidoscolus inaequalis - Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul
38. Cnidoscolus infestus - E Brazil
39. Cnidoscolus jaenensis - Peru
40. Cnidoscolus kunthianus - Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana
41. Cnidoscolus leuconeurus - Paraguay
42. Cnidoscolus liebmannii - Puebla
43. Cnidoscolus liesneri - Cajamarca
44. Cnidoscolus loasoides - Paraguay, NE Argentina
45. Cnidoscolus lombardii - Minas Gerais
46. Cnidoscolus longibracteatus - Guatemala
47. Cnidoscolus longipes - Colombia
48. Cnidoscolus maculatus - Baja California Sur, Sonora, Colima
49. Cnidoscolus magni-gerdtii - Bahia
50. Cnidoscolus maracayensis - Canindeyú
51. Cnidoscolus matosii - E Cuba
52. Cnidoscolus megacanthus - Oaxaca, Central America
53. Cnidoscolus minarum - Bahia, Minas Gerais
54. Cnidoscolus mitis - Mato Grosso
55. Cnidoscolus monicanus - Michoacán
56. Cnidoscolus monsanto - Bahia
57. Cnidoscolus multilobus - Mexico, Central America
58. Cnidoscolus oligandrus - SE Brazil
59. Cnidoscolus orientensis - Bolivia
60. Cnidoscolus palmeri - Baja California Sur, Sonora
61. Cnidoscolus paucistamineus - Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul
62. Cnidoscolus pavonianus - Peru
63. Cnidoscolus piranii - Bahia
64. Cnidoscolus populifolius - Bahia
65. Cnidoscolus pteroneurus - Paraguay
66. Cnidoscolus pubescens - Brazil
67. Cnidoscolus pyrophorus - Peru
68. Cnidoscolus quercifolius - E Brazil
69. Cnidoscolus rangel - Pinar del Río
70. Cnidoscolus regina - Sierra Sagua Baracoa in Cuba
71. Cnidoscolus rostratus - C + SW Mexico
72. Cnidoscolus rotundifolius - NE Mexico
73. Cnidoscolus rupestris - Bahia
74. Cnidoscolus rzedowskii - Querétaro, Guanajuato
75. Cnidoscolus sellowianus - Brazil
76. Cnidoscolus serrulatus - Paraguay
77. Cnidoscolus shrevei - Durango, Coahuila
78. Cnidoscolus sinaloensis - Sinaloa, Nayarit
79. Cnidoscolus souzae - S Mexico, Belize, Guatemala
80. Cnidoscolus spathulatus - Goiás, São Paulo
81. Cnidoscolus spinosus - SW Mexico
82. Cnidoscolus stimulosus - SE USA
83. Cnidoscolus subinteger - Paraguay, Mato Grosso do Sul
84. Cnidoscolus tehuacanensis - Puebla, Oaxaca
85. Cnidoscolus tepiquensis - Sinaloa, Jalisco, Nayarit
86. Cnidoscolus texanus - SC USA
87. Cnidoscolus tridentifer - Mato Grosso do Sul
88. Cnidoscolus tubulosus - from Mexico to Argentina
89. Cnidoscolus ulei - Bahia
90. Cnidoscolus urens - Mexico, Central + South America, West Indies, SE USA
91. Cnidoscolus urentissimus - Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais
92. Cnidoscolus urnigerus - E Brazil
93. Cnidoscolus vitifolius - Brazil, Bolivia, NW Argentina}}

;formerly included

moved to Astraea Jatropha

• C. obtusifolius - Jatropha mutabilis
• C. surinamensis - Astraea lobata