Coast Oregon Penutian languages
{{Short description|Proposed language family of North America}}
{{Infobox language family
| name = Coast Oregon Penutian
| acceptance = proposed
| region = western North America
| familycolor = penutian
| fam1 = Penutian?
| child1 = Alsean {{extinct}}
| child2 = Siuslaw {{extinct}}
| child3 = Coosan {{extinct}}
| glotto = none
}}
The Coast Oregon Penutian languages are a proposed family of three small languages or language clusters on the Oregon Coast that has moderate support.Grant, A. (1997). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1265867 Coast Oregon Penutian: Problems and Possibilities.] International Journal of American Linguistics, 63(1), 144-156. Although much of their similarity is demonstrably due to language contact, linguists such as Scott DeLancey believe they may be genealogically related at a greater time depth. They are part of the much more hypothetical Penutian proposal.DeLancey, S., & Golla, V. (1997). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1265869 The Penutian Hypothesis: Retrospect and Prospect.] International Journal of American Linguistics, 63(1), 171-202.
Languages
The Coast Oregon Penutian languages are:
- Alsean
- Yaquina, spoken on the central Oregon coast around Yaquina Bay & along the Yaquina River (central Oregon coast) by the Yaquina people
- Alsea, spoken on the central Oregon coast around Alsea Bay and along the Alsea and Yachats rivers by the Alsea people
- Siuslaw
- Siuslaw dialect spoken on the central Oregon coast along the Siuslaw River and around Siltcoos Lake
- Kuitsh dialect spoken on the central Oregon coast around Winchester Bay and along the lower Umpqua and Smith rivers.
- Coosan
- possibly several Hanis dialects spoken along the southern Oregon coast in the vicinity of Coos Bay and along the Coos River.
- possibly one or two Miluk dialects spoken along the southern Oregon coast around South Slough of Coos Bay and along the lower Coquille River.
All Coast Oregon Penutian languages became extinct in the 20th century.
Vocabulary
Below is a comparison of selected basic vocabulary items in Alsea, Coos, and Lower Umpqua (a Coosan language variety). The lexical data is from Leo J. Frachtenberg's works.
:
| class="wikitable sortable"
! gloss !! Alsea{{cite book|last=Frachtenberg|first=Leo J.|url=https://archive.org/details/alseatextsandmy00fracgoog|title=Alsea texts and myths|location=Washington|publisher=Government Printing Office|date=1920}} !! Coos{{cite book|last=Frachtenberg|first=Leo J.|url=https://archive.org/details/coostexts00fracuoft|title=Coos texts|location=New York|publisher=Columbia University Press|date=1913}} !! Lower UmpquaFrachtenberg, Leo J. (1914). Lower Umpqua texts and notes on the Kusan dialects. Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology (vol. 4, pp. 141–150). (Reprinted 1969, New York: AMS Press). |
| head
| {{lang|aes|kusiʼntsi, ʟōkˑ}} || {{lang|mis|xwî´l̄uxᵘ}} || {{lang|sis|xwā´ka}} |
|---|
| hair
| {{lang|aes|pelūʽʼpᴇlū, ʟōʼsin}} || {{lang|mis|xˑne´kˑ; yı̂´akᵘ}} || {{lang|sis|hī´qūⁱ}} |
| eye
| {{lang|aes|hayaʼnīyustǃ, kˑǃīkˑ}} || {{lang|mis|xwa´lxwal}} || {{lang|sis|kōpx}} |
| ear
| {{lang|aes|tskwaīʼsalyustǃ}} || {{lang|mis|kᵘha´n̄as}} || {{lang|sis|qa´kwīx}} |
| nose
| {{lang|aes|tᴇsiʼn}} || {{lang|mis|tcūɬ}} || {{lang|sis|ʟᵒwa´sî}} |
| tooth
| {{lang|aes|tǃᴇliʼl}} || {{lang|mis|qtsä}} || {{lang|sis|tʼîx}} |
| tongue
| {{lang|aes|stilaʼkˑayustǃ}} || {{lang|mis|he´ˡlta}} || {{lang|sis|tʽǃa´lˑtʽǃalˑ}} |
| mouth
| {{lang|aes|kxai}} || {{lang|mis|ye´es}} || {{lang|sis|ʟaa´}} |
| hand
| {{lang|aes|tāʼmtᴇm}} || {{lang|mis|kˑe´ɬa}} || {{lang|sis|tcīʟ; ʟpīkᵘ}} |
| foot
| {{lang|aes|yūⁿʼsalyustǃ}} || {{lang|mis|kxla}} || {{lang|sis|tsı̄kᵘ}} |
| breast
| {{lang|aes|ɫkwa᷇ⁿ}} || {{lang|mis|gā}} 'nipple' || {{lang|sis|ɬqū´wa}} (of man) |
| meat
| {{lang|aes|hatsīʼlāl}} || {{lang|mis|tǃeˣt}} || {{lang|sis|nı̄ʟ}} |
| blood
| {{lang|aes|puʼstᴇx}} || {{lang|mis|wı̂´tı̂n}} || {{lang|sis|qā´wī}} |
| bone
| {{lang|aes|qēʼkus}} || {{lang|mis|lā´makˑ}} (pl.) || {{lang|sis|tsnā´wî}} |
| person
| {{lang|aes|hīʼtsʟᴇm}} || {{lang|mis|ma}} || {{lang|sis|hītc}} |
| name
| {{lang|aes|ʟān, ɫaʼni}} || {{lang|mis|ɬn̻´nas}} || {{lang|sis|ɬīn}} |
| dog
| {{lang|aes|tsqax, tsqēⁿx}} || {{lang|mis|kwī´yos}} < Jargon || {{lang|sis|cqaxtc}} < Siuslaw |
| fish
| {{lang|aes|tsūdaīʼs}} || || {{lang|sis|ɬtʼī´aⁱ̄}} |
| louse
| || {{lang|mis|täts; mî´tcîɬ}} || {{lang|sis|ta´wî}} |
| tree
| {{lang|aes|kōts, kōʼxᵘ}} || || {{lang|sis|ɬqaⁱ´ʽtū}} |
| leaf
| {{lang|aes|kˑ'ēʼpau}} || {{lang|mis|ɬⁱnēlˑ}} || {{lang|sis|ʟǃīp}} |
| flower
| {{lang|aes|hālēʼtxaū}} || || {{lang|sis|tcāᵃxānᵋ}} |
| water
| {{lang|aes|kˑiʼlū}} || {{lang|mis|xāᵃp}} || {{lang|sis|tcī}} |
| fire
| {{lang|aes|tkᴇlɫtsǃīʼs, ʟkˑilīʼtǃa}} || {{lang|mis|tc!waɬ}} || {{lang|sis|ʟīya´aᵘ}} |
| stone
| {{lang|aes|kˑlīl}} || {{lang|mis|kᵘɬī´yex}} || {{lang|sis|qayū´ʷⁱnts}} |
| earth
| {{lang|aes|leʽwīʼ}} || {{lang|mis|ʟǃtā}} || {{lang|sis|ʟǃa´ᵃⁱ}} |
| salt
| {{lang|aes|qaʼlōs}} || {{lang|mis|mî´tsǃlîs}} || {{lang|sis|hîlˑa´xwa}} |
| road
| {{lang|aes|yāʼxalīᵋtǃ, xˑūʼlamīt'}} || {{lang|mis|he´wı̂lts}} || {{lang|sis|txaⁱnᵋ}} |
| eat
| {{lang|aes|nūns-}} || {{lang|mis|qǃm-; ʟōᵘ-}} || {{lang|sis|ɬītǃ-}} |
| die
| {{lang|aes|hask-, qan-}} || {{lang|mis|e´qe}} || {{lang|sis|xaū-}} |
| I
| {{lang|aes|qan}} || {{lang|mis|n̻; nᴇx}} || {{lang|sis|nà}} |
| you
| {{lang|aes|nīx}} || {{lang|mis|eᵋ}} || {{lang|sis|nı̄xᵃts}} |
References
{{Reflist}}
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{{Penutian languages}}
{{Oregon Native History}}
{{North American languages}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Oregon Coast Penutian Languages}}
Category:Indigenous languages of the Pacific Northwest Coast