Coconucan language

{{Short description|Barbacoan language spoken in Colombia}}

{{No footnotes|date=March 2025}}

{{Infobox language

| name = Coconuco

| nativename = Namrrik

| states = Colombia

| region = Cauca Department

| ethnicity = Guambiano (Misak)

| speakers = 21,000

| date = 2008

| ref = e18

| familycolor = American

| fam1 = Barbacoan

| lc1 = gum

| ld1 = Guambiano

| lc2 = ttk

| ld2 = Totoró

| glotto = coco1262

| glottorefname = Coconucan

| dia1 = Coconuco proper {{extinct}}

| dia2 = Totoro

| dia3 = Guambiano

}}

Coconuco, also known as Coconucan, Guambiano, Misak, and Nam Trik, is a dialect cluster of Colombia spoken by the Guambiano indigenous people. Though the three varieties, Guambiano, moribund Totoró, and the extinct Coconuco are traditionally called languages, Adelaar & Muysken (2004) believe that they are best treated as a single language.

Totoró may be extinct; it had 4 speakers in 1998 out of an ethnic population of 4,000. Guambiano, on the other hand, is vibrant and growing.

Coconucan was for a time mistakenly included in a spurious Paezan language family, due to a purported "Moguex" (Guambiano) vocabulary that turned out to be a mix of Páez and Guambiano (Curnow 1998).

Phonology

The Guambiano inventory is as follows (Curnow & Liddicoat 1998:386).

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|+Vowels

!

!Front

!Central

!Back

Close

|{{IPA link|i}}

|

|{{IPA link|u}}

Mid

|{{IPA link|e}}

|{{IPA link|ə}}

|

Back

|

|{{IPA link|a}}

|

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|+Consonants

!

!Bilabial

!Dental

!Retroflex

!Palatal

!Velar

Nasal

|{{IPA link|m}}

|{{IPA link|n}}

|

|{{IPA link|ɲ}}

|

Plosive

|{{IPA link|p}}

|{{IPA link|t}}

|

|

|{{IPA link|k}}

Affricate

|

|{{IPA link|ts}}

|{{IPA link|tʂ}}

|{{IPA link|tʃ}}

|

Fricative

|

|{{IPA link|s}}

|{{IPA link|ʂ}}

|{{IPA link|ʃ}}

|

Liquid

|

|{{IPA link|r}}, {{IPA link|l}}

|

|{{IPA link|ʎ}}

|

Semivowel

|{{IPA link|w}}

|

|

|{{IPA link|j}}

|

List of words

class="wikitable"

!English

!Spanish

!Guambiano

!{{Ref heading}}

One

|Uno

|Kan

| rowspan="10" |{{Cite web |title=Guambiano Words |url=https://www.native-languages.org/guambiano_words.htm |access-date=2025-03-31 |website=native-languages.org}}

Two

|Dos

|Pa

Three

|Tres

|Pyn

Dog

|Perro

|Wera

Man

|Hombre

|Myk

Moon

|Luna

|Pyl

Stone

|Pierre

|Xuk

Sun

|Sol

|Pych

Water

|Agua

|Pi

Woman

|Mujer

|Ixuk

References

{{reflist}}

Further reading

  • Adelaar, Willem F. H.; & Muysken, Pieter C. 2004. The languages of the Andes. Cambridge language surveys. Cambridge University Press.
  • Branks, Judith; Sánchez, Juan Bautista. 1978. The drama of life: A study of life cycle customs among the Guambiano, Colombia, South America (pp xii, 107). Summer Institute of Linguistics Museum of Anthropology Publication (No. 4). Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics Museum of Anthropology.
  • Vásquez de Ruiz, Beatriz. 2000. Guambiano: Algunos Aspectos sobre Morfología Nominal. In González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa (eds.), Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva, 155-168. Santafé de Bogotá: Instituto Caro y Cuervo.
  • Curnow, Timothy Jowan, & Liddicoat, Anthony J. 1998. The Barbacoan Languages of Colombia and Ecuador, Anthropological Linguistics, 40:3:384–408.
  • Fabre, Alain. 2005. Diccionario etnolingüístico y guía bibliográfica de los pueblos indígenas sudamericanos: Guambiano[http://www.ling.fi/Entradas%20diccionario/Dic=Guambiano.pdf]

{{Barbacoan languages}}

{{Languages of Colombia}}

Category:Barbacoan languages

Category:Languages of Colombia

Category:Cauca Department