Commander of NORAD
The commander of North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) is a four-star general or admiral in the United States Armed Forces who serves as the head of all United States and Canadian joint aerospace military operational forces, stationed within the North American territories. The commander of NORAD concurrently serves as the commander of United States Northern Command and is the head of all U.S. military forces within the command's geographical area of responsibility. The commander of NORAD is nominated for appointment by the President of the United States and must be confirmed by the United States Senate. Prior to 2001, the title for the commander of NORAD was called the Commander-in-Chief of the North American Aerospace Defense Command. The commander of NORAD typically serves for two years.
| class="wikitable sortable" |
| rowspan=2| {{abbr|No.|Number}}
! colspan=2| Commander ! colspan=3| Term ! rowspan=2| Service branch |
|---|
| Portrait
! Name ! Took office ! Left office ! Term length |
| {{Officeholder table
| order = 1 | military_rank = General | image = Earle Everard Partridge.jpg | officeholder = Earle E. Partridge | officeholder_sort = Partridge, Eagle E. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1900 | died_year = 1990 | term_start = 12 September 1957 | term_end = 30 July 1959 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|12 September 1957|30 July 1959}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 2 | military_rank = General | image = Gen-Laurence-S--Kuter.jpg | officeholder = Laurence S. Kuter | officeholder_sort = Kuter, Laurence S. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1905 | died_year = 1979 | term_start = 1 August 1959 | term_end = 30 July 1962 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 August 1959|30 July 1962}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 3 | military_rank = General | image = John K Gerhart.jpg | officeholder = John K. Gerhart | officeholder_sort = Gerhart, John K. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1907 | died_year = 1981 | term_start = 1 August 1962 | term_end = 30 March 1965 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 August 1962|30 March 1965}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 4 | military_rank = General | image = Dean Coldwell Strother.jpg | officeholder = Dean C. Strother | officeholder_sort = Strother, Dean C. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1908 | died_year = 2000 | term_start = 1 April 1965 | term_end = 29 July 1966 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 April 1965|29 July 1966}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 5 | military_rank = General | image = Raymond J Reeves.jpg | officeholder = Raymond J. Reeves | officeholder_sort = Reeves, Raymond J. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1909 | died_year = 1998 | term_start = 1 August 1966 | term_end = 31 July 1969 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 August 1966|31 July 1969}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 6 | military_rank = General | image = Seth J McKee.jpg | officeholder = Seth J. McKee | officeholder_sort = McKee, Seth J. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1916 | died_year = 2016 | term_start = 1 August 1969 | term_end = 30 September 1973 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 August 1969|30 September 1973}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 7 | military_rank = General | image = Lucius D Clay Jr.jpg | officeholder = Lucius D. Clay Jr. | officeholder_sort = Clay, Lucius D. Jr. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1919 | died_year = 1994 | term_start = 1 October 1973 | term_end = 29 August 1975 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 October 1973|29 August 1975}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 8 | military_rank = General | image = James DanielChappie.jpg | officeholder = Daniel James Jr. | officeholder_sort = James, Daniel Jr. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1920 | died_year = 1978 | term_start = 1 September 1975 | term_end = 5 December 1977 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 September 1975|5 December 1977}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 9 | military_rank = General | image = GEN Hill, James E (cropped).jpg | officeholder = James E. Hill | officeholder_sort = Hill, James E. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1921 | died_year = 1999 | term_start = 6 December 1977 | term_end = 31 December 1979 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|6 December 1977|31 December 1979}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 10 | military_rank = General | image = James V Hartinger.jpg | officeholder = James V. Hartinger | officeholder_sort = Hartinger, James V. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1925 | died_year = 2000 | term_start = 1 January 1980 | term_end = 30 July 1984 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 January 1980|30 July 1984}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 11 | military_rank = General | image = General Robert Herres, military portrait, 1984.JPEG | officeholder = Robert T. Herres | officeholder_sort = Herres, Robert T. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1932 | died_year = 2008 | term_start = 30 July 1984 | term_end = 5 February 1987 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|30 July 1984|5 February 1987}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 12 | military_rank = General | image = John L Piotrowski.jpg | officeholder = John L. Piotrowski | officeholder_sort = Piotrowski, John L. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1934 | died_year = | term_start = 6 February 1987 | term_end = 30 March 1990 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|6 February 1987|30 March 1990}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 13 | military_rank = General | image = Donald Kutyna.jpg | officeholder = Donald J. Kutyna | officeholder_sort = Kutyna, Donald J. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1933 | died_year = | term_start = 1 April 1990 | term_end = 30 June 1992 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 April 1990|30 June 1992}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 14 | military_rank = General | image = Charles Horner.jpg | officeholder = Charles A. Horner | officeholder_sort = Horner, Charles A. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1936 | died_year = | term_start = 30 June 1992 | term_end = 12 September 1994 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|30 June 1992|12 September 1994}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 15 | military_rank = General | image = Joseph ashy (cropped).jpg | officeholder = Joseph W. Ashy | officeholder_sort = Ashy, Joseph W. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1940 | died_year = | term_start = 13 September 1994 | term_end = 26 August 1996 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|13 September 1994|26 August 1996}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 16 | military_rank = General | image = Howell M Estes III.jpg | officeholder = Howell M. Estes III | officeholder_sort = Estes, Howell M. III | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1941 | died_year = | term_start = 27 August 1996 | term_end = 14 August 1998 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|27 August 1996|14 August 1998}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 17 | military_rank = General | image = Richard Myers official portrait 2.jpg | officeholder = Richard B. Myers | officeholder_sort = Myers, Richard B. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1942 | died_year = | term_start = 14 August 1998 | term_end = 22 February 2000 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|14 August 1998|22 February 2000}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 18 | military_rank = General | image = Eberhart re.jpg | officeholder = Ralph E. Eberhart | officeholder_sort = Eberhart, Ralph E. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1946 | died_year = | term_start = 22 February 2000 | term_end = 5 November 2004 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|22 February 2000|5 November 2004}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 19 | military_rank = Admiral | image = US Navy 041105-D-0000X-001 Adm. Timothy J. Keating.jpg | officeholder = Timothy J. Keating | officeholder_sort = Keating, Timothy J. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1948 | died_year = | term_start = 5 November 2004 | term_end = 23 March 2007 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2004|11|5|2007|3|23}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 20 | military_rank = General | image = Victor E. Renuart Jr. 2010.jpg | officeholder = Victor E. Renuart Jr. | officeholder_sort = Renuart, Victor E. Jr. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1949 | died_year = | term_start = 23 March 2007 | term_end = 19 May 2010 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2007|3|23|2010|5|19}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 21 | military_rank = Admiral | image = Winnefeld 2010 2.jpg | officeholder = James A. Winnefeld, Jr. | officeholder_sort = Winnefeld, James A. Jr. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1956 | died_year = | term_start = 19 May 2010 | term_end = 3 August 2011 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2010|5|19|2011|8|3}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 22 | military_rank = General | image = Jacoby 2013.jpg | officeholder = Charles H. Jacoby Jr. | officeholder_sort = Jacoby, Charles H. Jr. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1954 | died_year = | term_start = 3 August 2011 | term_end = 5 December 2014 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2011|8|3|2014|12|5}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 23 | military_rank = Admiral | image = Gortney2014.jpg | officeholder = William E. Gortney | officeholder_sort = Gortney, William E. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1955 | died_year = | term_start = 5 December 2014 | term_end = 13 May 2016 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2014|12|5|2016|5|13}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 24 | military_rank = General | image = Gen Lori J. Robinson (2).jpg | officeholder = Lori J. Robinson | officeholder_sort = Robinson, Lori J. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1959 | died_year = | term_start = 13 May 2016 | term_end = 24 May 2018 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2016|5|13|2018|5|24}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 25 | military_rank = General | image = Terrence J. O'Shaughnessy NORAD.jpg | officeholder = Terrence J. O'Shaughnessy | officeholder_sort = O'Shaughnessy, Terrence J. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1964 | died_year = | term_start = 24 May 2018 | term_end = 20 August 2020 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2018|5|24|2020|8|20}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 26 | military_rank = General | image = Gen Glen D. VanHerck.jpg | officeholder = Glen D. VanHerck | officeholder_sort = VanHerck, Glen D. | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1962 | died_year = | term_start = 20 August 2020 | term_end = 5 February 2024 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|20 August 2020|5 February 2024}} | defence_branch = 75px }} {{Officeholder table | order = 27 | military_rank = General | image = Gen Gregory M. Guillot (2).jpg | officeholder = Gregory M. Guillot | officeholder_sort = Guillot, Gregory M. | officeholder_note = | born_year = | died_year = | term_start = 5 February 2024 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|5 February 2024}} | defence_branch = 75px }} |
List of deputy commanders
In recent years deputy commanders have always been Canadian air force lieutenant generals. Prior to the 1968 unification of the Canadian Forces, the deputy commanders were RCAF Air Marshals.{{cite book |last1=Veale |first1=Thomas F. |title=Guarding What You Value Most: North American Aerospace Defense Command, Celebrating 50 Years |year=2008 |publisher=Government Printing Office |isbn=978-0-16-080436-6 |page=49}}
| class="wikitable"
|+ NORAD Deputy Commanders |
| scope="col" style="width:5px;;"|Number
! scope="col" style="width:300px;"| Name ! scope="col" style="width:50px;"| Photo ! scope="col" style="width:125px;"| Start of term ! scope="col" style="width:125px;"| End ! scope="col" style="width:200px;"| Notable positions held before or after |
|---|
| 1
| Air Marshal Roy Slemon, CB, CBE, CD | 50px | 12 September 1957 | 14 August 1964 | Chief of the Air Staff |
| 2
| Air Marshal Clarence Rupert Dunlap, CBE, CD | | 15 August 1964 | 25 August 1967 | Chief of the Air Staff |
| 3
| Air Marshal William R. MacBrien OBE, CD | | 26 August 1967 | 22 January 1969 | |
| 4
| Lieutenant-General Frederick Ralph Sharp CMM, DFC, CD | | 23 January 1969 | 14 September 1969 | Chief of the Defence Staff (1969–1972) |
| 5
| Lieutenant-General Edwin Reyno | | September 1969 | August 1972 | |
| 6
| Lieutenant-General Reginald J. Lane, DSO, DFC, CD | | September 1972 | October 1974 | |
| 7
| Lieutenant-General Richard C. Stovel, AFC, CD | | October 1974 | September 1976 | |
| 8
| Lieutenant-General David R. Adamson | | September 1976 | August 1978 | |
| 9
| Lieutenant-General Kenneth E. Lewis | | 18 August 1978 | 24 June 1980 | Commander of Air Command |
| 10
| Lieutenant-General Kenneth J. Thorneycroft | | June 1980 | May 1983 | |
| 11
| Lieutenant-General Donald C. MacKenzie |50px | May 1983 | August 1986 | |
| 12
| Lieutenant-General Donald M. McNaughton | | August 1986 | August 1989 | |
| 13
| Lieutenant-General Robert W. Morton, CMM, CD | | August 1989 | August 1992 | |
| 14
| Lieutenant-General Brian L. Smith | | August 1992 | August 1994 | |
| 15
| Lieutenant-General J. D. O'Blenis | | August 1994 | August 1995 | |
| 16
| Lieutenant-General L. W. F. Cuppens | | August 1995 | April 1998 | |
| 17
| Lieutenant-General G E C Macdonald, CMM, MVO, CD | 50px | April 1998 | August 2001 | Vice Chief of Defence Staff, Canadian Forces (2001-2004) |
| 18
| Lieutenant-General Ken R. Pennie, CMM, CD | 50px | 8 August 2001 | 14 July 2003 | Chief of the Air Staff (2003–2005) |
| 19
| Lieutenant-General Rick Findley, CMM, MSC, CD | 50px | 14 July 2003 | 2 August 2007 | |
| 20
| Lieutenant-General Charles Bouchard, OC, CMM, MSC, CD | 50px | 2 August 2007 | 10 July 2009 | |
| 21
| Lieutenant-General Marcel Duval, CMM, CD | 50px | 10 July 2009 | 15 August 2011 | |
| 21
| Lieutenant-General Thomas J. Lawson, CMM, CD | 50px | 15 August 2011 | 4 September 2012 |
| 22
| Lieutenant-General Alain Parent, CMM, CD | 50px | 4 September 2012 | 1 July 2015 | |
| 23
| Lieutenant-General Pierre St-Amand, CMM, CD | 50px | 1 July 2015 | |
| 24
|Lieutenant General Christopher J. Coates, CMM, MSM, CD | 50px | |
| 25
|Lieutenant General Alain Pelletier, MSM, CD | 50px |2 June 2023 | |
| 26
|Lieutenant General Blaise F. Frawley | 50px |2 June 2023 |present | |
