Complete Genomics

Complete Genomics was founded in June 2005 by Clifford Reid, Radoje (Rade) Drmanac, and John Curson. Clifford Reid was the chairman, president and chief executive officer of Complete Genomics before leaving in 2015 to set up Genos, a spinoff of Complete Genomics' consumer division.{{Cite web|url=https://www.genomeweb.com/molecular-diagnostics/consumer-genomics-startup-genos-research-plans-let-customers-explore-share|title=Consumer Genomics Startup Genos Research Plans to Let Customers Explore, Share Their Data|website=GenomeWeb|date=13 June 2016|language=en-us|access-date=2019-06-15|archive-date=2019-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402083129/https://www.genomeweb.com/molecular-diagnostics/consumer-genomics-startup-genos-research-plans-let-customers-explore-share|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.news-medical.net/news/20230615/Complete-Genomics-Announces-Updated-Mission-and-New-Partnerships-on-18th-Anniversary.aspx|title=Complete Genomics Announces Updated Mission and New Partnerships on 18th Anniversary|website=News-Medical|date=15 June 2023|language=en-us|access-date=2023-06-15|archive-date=2023-07-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711063426/https://www.news-medical.net/news/20230615/Complete-Genomics-Announces-Updated-Mission-and-New-Partnerships-on-18th-Anniversary.aspx|url-status=live}}

In February 2009, Complete Genomics announced that it had sequenced its first human genome and submitted the resulting variant data to the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. In November 2009, Complete Genomics published sequence data for three human genomes in the journal Science.{{Cite journal |author=Drmanac R |date=November 2009 |title=Human genome sequencing using unchained base reads on self-assembling DNA nanoarrays |journal=Science |volume=327 |issue=5961 |pages=78–81 |doi=10.1126/science.1181498 |pmid=19892942|bibcode = 2010Sci...327...78D |last2=Sparks |first2=A. B. |last3=Callow |first3=M. J. |last4=Halpern |first4=A. L. |last5=Burns |first5=N. L. |last6=Kermani |first6=B. G. |last7=Carnevali |first7=P. |last8=Nazarenko |first8=I. |last9=Nilsen |first9=G. B. |last10=Yeung |first10=G. |last11=Dahl |first11=F. |last12=Fernandez |first12=A. |last13=Staker |first13=B. |last14=Pant |first14=K. P. |last15=Baccash |first15=J. |last16=Borcherding |first16=A. P. |last17=Brownley |first17=A. |last18=Cedeno |first18=R. |last19=Chen |first19=L. |last20=Chernikoff |first20=D. |last21=Cheung |first21=A. |last22=Chirita |first22=R. |last23=Curson |first23=B. |last24=Ebert |first24=J. C. |last25=Hacker |first25=C. R. |last26=Hartlage |first26=R. |last27=Hauser |first27=B. |last28=Huang |first28=S. |last29=Jiang |first29=Y. |last30=Karpinchyk |first30=V. |s2cid=17309571 |display-authors=29 |doi-access=free }}

The resulting data has supported research in diverse areas such as screening of embryos,

{{cite journal

|author=Winard R

|date=2014

|title=In vitro screening of embryos by whole-genome sequencing: now, in the future or never?

|journal=Hum Reprod

|volume=29

|issue=4

|pages=842–851

|display-authors=etal

|doi=10.1093/humrep/deu005 |pmid=24491297

|doi-access=free

}} detection of genetic relationships,

{{cite journal

|author=Li H

|date=2014

|title=Relationship estimation from whole-genome sequence data

|journal=PLOS Genet

|volume=10

|issue=1

|doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004144

|pmid=24497848

|pmc=3907355

|pages=e1004144

|display-authors=etal

|doi-access=free

}}

{{cite journal

|author=Su S-Y

|date=2012

|title=Detection of identity by descent using next-generation whole genome sequencing data

|journal=BMC Bioinformatics

|doi=10.1186/1471-2105-13-121

|pmid=22672699

|pmc=3403908

|volume=13

|pages=121

|display-authors=etal

|doi-access=free

}} neurology,

{{cite journal

|author=Bundo M

|date=2014

|title=Increased L1 retrotransposition in the neuronal genome in schizophrenia

|journal=Neuron

|volume=81

|issue=2

|pages=306–313

|doi=10.1016/j.neuron.2013.10.053

|pmid=24389010

|doi-access=free

}} aging,

{{cite journal

|author=Kai Y

|date=2013

|title=Aging as accelerated accumulation of somatic variants: whole-genome sequencing of centenarian and middle-aged monozygotic twin pairs

|journal=Twin Research and Human Genetics

|volume=16

|issue=6

|pages=1026–1032

|display-authors=etal|doi=10.1017/thg.2013.73

|pmid=24182360

|doi-access=free

}} a novel Mendelian disease with neuromuscular and cardiac involvement,

{{cite journal

|author=Wang K

|date=2013

|title=Whole-genome DNA/RNA sequencing identifies truncating mutations in RBCK1 in a novel Mendelian disease with neuromuscular and cardiac involvement

|journal=Genome Medicine

|volume=5

|issue=7

|pages=67

|doi=10.1186/gm471

|pmid=23889995

|display-authors=etal

|pmc=3971341

|doi-access=free

}} eating disorders,

{{cite journal

|author=Cui H

|date=2013

|title=Eating disorder predisposition is associated with ESRRA and HDAC4 mutations

|journal=J Clin Invest

|volume=123

|issue=11

|pages=4706–4713

|doi=10.1172/jci71400

|display-authors=etal

|pmid=24216484

|pmc=3809805}} Prader-Willi syndrome and autism,

{{cite journal

|author=Schaaf CP

|date=2013

|title=Truncating mutations of MAGEL2 cause Prader-Willi phenotypes and autism

|journal=Nature Genetics

|volume=45

|issue=11

|pages=1405–1408

|doi=10.1038/ng.2776

|pmid=24076603

|display-authors=etal|pmc=3819162

}} ophthalmology,

{{cite journal

|author=Nishiguchi KM

|date=2012

|title=Genes associated with retinitis pigmentosa and allied diseases are frequently mutated in the general population

|journal=PLOS ONE

|volume=7

|issue=7

|pages=e41902

|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0041902

|display-authors=etal|bibcode = 2012PLoSO...741902N

|pmid=22848652

|pmc=3407128|doi-access=free

}} and oncology.

{{cite journal

|author=Ma Y

|date=2012

|title=Developmental timing of mutations revealed by whole-genome sequencing of twins with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

|journal=Proc Natl Acad Sci USA

|volume=110

|issue=18

|pages=7429–7433

|doi=10.1073/pnas.1221099110

|display-authors=etal|bibcode = 2013PNAS..110.7429M

|pmid=23569245

|pmc=3645544|doi-access=free

}}

{{cite journal

|author=Kiel MJ

|date=2012

|title=Whole-genome sequencing identifies recurrent somatic NOTCH2 mutations in splenic marginal zone lymphoma

|journal=The Journal of Experimental Medicine

|volume=209

|issue=9

|pages=1553–1565

|doi=10.1084/jem.20120910

|display-authors=etal

|pmid=22891276

|pmc=3428949}}

{{cite journal

|author=Molenaar JJ

|date=2012

|title=Sequencing of neuroblastoma identifies chromothripsis and defects in neuritogenesis genes

|journal=Nature

|volume=483

|issue=7391

|pages=589–593

|doi=10.1038/nature10910

|display-authors=etal|bibcode = 2012Natur.483..589M

|pmid=22367537|doi-access=free

|hdl=1765/57581

|hdl-access=free

}}

{{cite journal

|author=Turajlic S

|date=2011

|title=Whole genome sequencing of matched primary and metastatic acral melanomas

|journal=Genome Res

|volume=22

|issue=2

|pages=196–207

|doi=10.1101/gr.125591.111

|display-authors=etal

|pmid=22183965

|pmc=3266028}}

{{cite journal

|author=Yokoyama S

|date=2011

|title=GA novel recurrent mutation in MITF predisposes to familial and sporadic melanoma

|journal=Nature

|volume=480

|issue=7375

|pages=99–103

|doi=10.1038/nature10630

|pmid=22080950

|display-authors=etal|bibcode = 2011Natur.480...99Y |pmc=3266855

}} In 2014, a collaboration among Radboud University (The Netherlands), Maastricht University Medical Centre (The Netherlands), Central South University (China) and Complete Genomics identified major causes of intellectual disability using whole genome sequencing.

{{cite journal

|author=Gilissen C

|date=2014

|title=Genome sequencing identifies major causes of severe intellectual disability

|journal=Nature

|volume=511

|issue=7509

|pages=344–347

|doi=10.1038/nature13394

|pmid=24896178

|display-authors=etal|bibcode = 2014Natur.511..344G |s2cid=205238886

|hdl=2066/138095

|hdl-access=free

}}

In 2016, Complete Genomics contributed over 184 phased human genomes to George Church's Personal Genome Project.{{Cite journal|last1=Peters|first1=Brock A.|last2=Drmanac|first2=Radoje|last3=Church|first3=George M.|last4=Estep|first4=Preston W.|last5=Zaranek|first5=Alexander Wait|last6=Vandewege|first6=Ward|last7=Connelly|first7=Abram|last8=Clegg|first8=Tom|last9=Agarwal|first9=Misha R.|date=2016-12-01|title=The whole genome sequences and experimentally phased haplotypes of over 100 personal genomes|journal=GigaScience|language=en|volume=5|issue=1|pages=42|doi=10.1186/s13742-016-0148-z|pmid=27724973|pmc=5057367 |doi-access=free }} In 2019, they published their new single-tube long fragment read (stLFR) technology, enabling the construction of long DNA molecules from short reads using a combinatorial process of DNA barcoding. It enables phasing, SV detection, scaffolding, and cost-effective diploid de novo genome assembly from second-generation sequencing technology.{{Cite journal|last1=Peters|first1=Brock A.|last2=Drmanac|first2=Radoje|last3=Xu|first3=Xun|last4=Kristiansen|first4=Karsten|last5=Wang|first5=Jian|last6=Yang|first6=Huanming|last7=Alexeev|first7=Andrei|last8=Zhang|first8=Wenwei|last9=Dong|first9=Yuliang|date=2019-05-01|title=Efficient and unique cobarcoding of second-generation sequencing reads from long DNA molecules enabling cost-effective and accurate sequencing, haplotyping, and de novo assembly|journal=Genome Research|language=en|volume=29|issue=5|pages=798–808|doi=10.1101/gr.245126.118|issn=1088-9051|pmid=30940689|pmc=6499310}}

In March 2013, Complete Genomics was acquired by BGI Group, a genomics services company in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.Specter, Michael (6 January 2014) [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/01/06/the-gene-factory The Gene Factory] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141028083419/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/01/06/the-gene-factory |date=2014-10-28 }} The New Yorker, Retrieved 28 October 2014 After the acquisition, Complete Genomics moved to San Jose and in June 2018 became part of MGI.{{Cite web |last=brandonvd |title=About Us |url=https://www.completegenomics.com/ |access-date=2019-06-15 |website=Complete Genomics |language=en-US}} MGI was a subsidiary of BGI Group before it was spun out and listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in 2022.{{Cite news |last1=Smyth |first1=Jamie |last2=Sevastopulo |first2=Demetri |date=18 April 2023 |title=Chinese genetics company targets US despite political tensions |url=https://www.ft.com/content/cc905012-f264-4e87-8171-8e7e243c5d51 |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=Financial Times |language=en |archive-date=2023-04-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418040329/https://www.ft.com/content/cc905012-f264-4e87-8171-8e7e243c5d51 |url-status=live }}

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Category:Biotechnology companies of the United States

Category:Biotechnology companies established in 2006

Category:Genomics companies

Category:Companies based in Mountain View, California

Category:Technology companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area

Category:2006 establishments in California

Category:2013 mergers and acquisitions