Constantia Grierson

Constantia Crawley was born to an impoverished rural family in County Kilkenny. Her parents recognized her intelligence at an early age and encouraged her desire to learn. She was tutored in Hebrew, Greek, Latin, English, and French by her local vicar, but was mostly self-educated. According to one editor she was "a most excellent scholar, not only in Greek and Roman literature, but in history, divinity, philosophy, and mathematics: and what makes her character the more remarkable is, that she died so early as the age of 27, and that she acquired this great learning merely by the force of her own genius, and continual application."{{Citation| last = Grierson| first = Constantia| author-link = Constantia Grierson| editor-last = Colman| editor-first = G.| editor2-last = Thornton| editor2-first = B.| title = Poems by the most eminent ladies of Great-Britain and Ireland| place = London| publisher = printed for T. Becket and Co. and T. Evans, near York building, Strand.| year = 1773| volume = I| edition = A new| chapter = Poems by Mrs. Constantia Grierson| chapter-url = http://www.nku.edu/~issues/eminent_ladies/vol1/master_file_vol_1.html#grierson| page = 240| url = http://www.nku.edu/~issues/eminent_ladies/vol1/master_file_vol_1.html| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070525154222/http://www.nku.edu/~issues/eminent_ladies/vol1/master_file_vol_1.html| archive-date = 25 May 2007| url-status = dead}}. Laetitia Pilkington felt "her Learning appeared like the Gift poured out of the Apostles, of speaking all languages without the Pains of Study; or, like the intuitive Knowledge of Angels."{{cite book |last=Pilkington |first=Laetitia |title=Memoirs of Laetitia Pilkington |url=https://archive.org/details/memoirsoflaetiti0001pilk |url-access=registration |year=1997 |publisher=University of Georgia Press |isbn=0-8203-1719-5}}

At about eighteen Crawley moved to Dublin and began to study midwifery under Dr. Van Lewen, a Dutch physician and the father of Laetitia Pilkington. She ceased her studies when she met printer and publisher George Grierson (c.1679–1753) for whom she edited many works. The date of their marriage is unrecorded. By 1727 she had edited titles in the pocket classics edition, including Terence's Comediae, to which she prefixed a Greek epigram from her own pen, inscribing it to Robert, son of Lord Carteret; in 1730 she edited the work of Tacitus, inscribing it to Lord Carteret himself.

Jonathan Swift was so impressed with her editing that he wrote to Alexander Pope on 6 February 1730: "She is a very good Latin and Greek scholar, and hath lately published a fine edition of Tacitus, and she writes carmina Anglicana non-contemnenda."Trans. "Her poems in English are not to be reproached." {{cite book |last=Swift |first=Jonathan |title=The correspondence of Jonathan Swift |year=1965–72 |publisher=Oxford : Clarendon Press}} The edition was also much praised by the classical scholar Edward Harwood and "her editions of Terence and Tacitus printed by Grierson were to be favoured by scholars for many generations."Clarke, Norma. Queen of the wits: a life of Laetitia Pilkington. London: Faber, 2009 ([https://archive.org/details/queenofwitslifeo0000clar/mode/2up Internet Archive])

Grierson played an important role in her husband's business and household, which included apprentices and journeymen as well as domestic servants. Highly regarded by Dublin's literary élite for her gifts as an editor as well as a poet, and for her remarkable memory, women from the landed gentry of Ireland were attracted to her and became some of her husband's most valued customers. Her husband emphasised her contributions in his successful petition to the Irish House of Commons in 1729 to be granted the patent for King's Printer: "the Editions corrected by her have been approved of, not only in this Kingdom, but in Great Britain, Holland and elsewhere, and the Art of Printing, through her care and assistance, has been brought to greater perfection than has been hitherto in this Kingdom."({{Harvnb|Rees|2004}})

In addition to her editorial work she was a poet. Little of her poetry survives, although her friend Mary Barber published six of her pieces in her Poems on Several Occasions (1734). Those six and two others, included by Laetitia Pilkington in her Memoirs, were published in Poems by the Most Eminent Ladies of Great Britain and Ireland. Jonathan Swift included her, along with Barber and literary critic Elizabeth Sican, in his "triumfeminate" and she was part of his Dublin literary circle.

After a period of frail health, Grierson died at the age of twenty-seven, possibly of tuberculosis, and was buried in Drumcondra, County Dublin.

Her reputation was enhanced by being included by George Ballard in his Memoirs of Several Ladies of Great Britain, who have been Celebrated for their Writings or Still in the Learned Languages, Arts and Sciences (1752).({{Harvnb|Ballard|1752}}) More than four decades after her death, she was praised in The Female Advocate (1775), Mary Scott's poem in praise of women writers and intellectuals.

File:Constantia Book Cover.jpg

• Publius Virgilius Maro, P.V.M. opera. Nunc emendatiora, (ed.) (Dublin: G. Grierson, 1724).
• Publius Afer Terentius, P. Terentii Afri Comoediae ad optimorum exemplarium fidem recensitae. Praefixa sunt huic editioni Loca Menandri et Apollodori quae Terentius Latine interpretatus est. Accesserunt emendationes omnes Bentleianae. Editio novissima (ed.) (Dublin: G. Grierson, 1727).
• Publius Cornelius Tacitus, C. Cornelii Taciti Opera quae extant ex recensione et cum animadversionibus T. Ryckii. T. Ryckii de Vita et Morte Sigani Oratio, 3 vols. (ed.) (Dublin: G. Grierson, 1730).
• Sallust (unfinished)Rees, D. Ben. "Grierson [née Crawley], Constantia (1704/5–1732), classical scholar and editor." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. 23. Oxford University Press. Accessed 25 July 2022.

• "Poems on Several Occasions", Poems, ed. Mary Barber (London: Printed for the author, 1734)
• {{Citation| last = Grierson| first = Constantia| author-link = Constantia Grierson| editor-last = Colman| editor-first = G.| editor2-last = Thornton| editor2-first = B.| title = Poems by the most eminent ladies of Great-Britain and Ireland| place = London| publisher = printed for T. Becket and Co. and T. Evans, near York building, Strand.| year = 1773| volume = I| edition = A new| chapter = Poems by Mrs. Constantia Grierson| chapter-url = http://www.nku.edu/~issues/eminent_ladies/vol1/master_file_vol_1.html#grierson| page = 240| url = http://www.nku.edu/~issues/eminent_ladies/vol1/master_file_vol_1.html| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070525154222/http://www.nku.edu/~issues/eminent_ladies/vol1/master_file_vol_1.html| archive-date = 25 May 2007| url-status = dead}}.
• The Poetry of Laetitia Pilkington (1712-1750) and Constantia Grierson (1706-1733), ed. Bernard Tucker (Lewiston, NY: Edward Mellen Press, 1996).

• List of 18th-century British working-class writers

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| last = Grierson

| first = Constantia

| author-link = Constantia Grierson

| editor-last = Colman

| editor-first = G.

| editor2-last = Thornton

| editor2-first = B.

| title = Poems by the most eminent ladies of Great-Britain and Ireland

| place = London

| publisher = printed for T. Becket and Co. and T. Evans, near York building, Strand.

| year = 1773

| volume = I

| edition = A new

| chapter = Poems by Mrs. Constantia Grierson

| chapter-url = http://www.nku.edu/~issues/eminent_ladies/vol1/master_file_vol_1.html#grierson

| page = 240

| url = http://www.nku.edu/~issues/eminent_ladies/vol1/master_file_vol_1.html

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070525154222/http://www.nku.edu/~issues/eminent_ladies/vol1/master_file_vol_1.html

| archive-date = 25 May 2007

| url-status = dead}}.

• [http://www.eighteenthcenturypoetry.org/authors/pers00261.shtml Constantia Grierson] at the [http://www.eighteenthcenturypoetry.org/ Eighteenth-Century Poetry Archive (ECPA)]

• [http://www.eighteenthcenturypoetry.org/authors/pers00261.shtml Constantia Grierson] at the [http://www.eighteenthcenturypoetry.org/ Eighteenth-Century Poetry Archive (ECPA)]
• {{cite DNB|wstitle=Grierson, Constantia}}

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Category:18th-century Irish women writers

Category:18th-century Irish poets

Category:Irish classical scholars

Category:Women classical scholars

Category:Irish Latinists

Category:Scholars of Latin literature

Category:1700s births

Category:1732 deaths

Category:Writers from County Kilkenny

Category:Irish women poets