Constantino Tsallis
{{Short description|Brazilian physicist of Greek descent}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Constantino Tsallis
| image = Constantino_Tsallis_February_2010.jpg
| caption = Constantino Tsallis in 2010.
| birth_date = {{birth_date_and_age|1943|11|04}}
| birth_place = Athens, Greece
| death_date =
| death_place =
| citizenship = Brazilian
| nationality = Greek
| ethnicity =
| fields = Theoretical physics
| workplaces = Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas
(Brazilian Physics Research Center)
| education = Balseiro Institute
Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas
University of Paris-Sud
| doctoral_advisor = Guido Beck
André Guinier
| academic_advisors =
| doctoral_students =
| notable_students =
| known_for = Tsallis entropy and Tsallis statistics
| influences =
| influenced =
| awards = Premio México de Ciencia y Tecnología (2003)
}}
Constantino Tsallis ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|æ|l|ɪ|s}}; {{langx|el|Κωνσταντίνος Τσάλλης}} {{IPA|el|ˈtsalis|}}; born 4 November 1943) is a naturalized Brazilian physicist of Greek descent, working in Rio de Janeiro at Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Brazil.
Biography
Tsallis was born in Greece, and grew up in Argentina, where he studied physics at Instituto Balseiro, in Bariloche. In 1974, he received a Doctorat d'État ès Sciences Physiques degree from the University of Paris-Sud. He moved to Brazil in 1975 with his wife and daughter. Tsallis is an External Professor of the Santa Fe Institute.{{cite web|title=Constantino Tsallis|website=Santa Fe Institute|url=https://www.santafe.edu/people/profile/constantino-tsallis}}
Research
Tsallis is credited with introducing the notion of what is known as Tsallis entropy and Tsallis statistics in his 1988 paper "Possible generalization of Boltzmann–Gibbs statistics" published in the Journal of Statistical Physics.{{Cite journal | last1 = Tsallis | first1 = C. | doi = 10.1007/BF01016429 | title = Possible generalization of Boltzmann–Gibbs statistics | journal = Journal of Statistical Physics | volume = 52 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 479–487 | year = 1988 |bibcode = 1988JSP....52..479T | hdl = 10338.dmlcz/142811 | s2cid = 16385640 | hdl-access = free }} The generalization is considered to be a good candidate for formulating a theory of non-extensive thermodynamics. The resulting theory is not intended to replace Boltzmann–Gibbs statistics, but rather supplement it, such as in the case of anomalous systems characterised by non-ergodicity or metastable states.
One experimental verification of the predictions of Tsallis statistics concerned cold atoms in dissipative optical lattices. Eric Lutz made [https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.67.051402 an analytical prediction] in 2003 which was verified in 2006 by [https://web.archive.org/web/20131029203457/http://intersci.ss.uci.edu/wiki/pw/DouglasBergaminiRenzoni06.pdf a London team].
Tsallis conjectured in 1999 ([http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-97331999000100002&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=en Brazilian Journal of Physics 29, 1];{{Cite journal | last1 = Tsallis | first1 = C. | title = Nonextensive statistics: Theoretical, experimental and computational evidences and connections | doi = 10.1590/S0103-97331999000100002 | journal = Brazilian Journal of Physics | volume = 29 | year = 1999 | arxiv = cond-mat/9903356 | s2cid = 16191055 }} Figure 4):
- That a longstanding quasi-stationary state (QSS) was expected in long-range interacting Hamiltonian systems (one of the core problems of statistical mechanics). This was verified by groups around the world.{{who|date=February 2014}}
- That this QSS should be described by Tsallis statistics instead of Boltzmann–Gibbs statistics. This was verified in June 2007 by [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023123/http://intersci.ss.uci.edu/wiki/pw/0706.4021v2.pdf Pluchino, Rapisarda and Tsallis] (in the last figure, instead of the Maxwellian (Gaussian) distribution of velocities (valid for short-range interactions), one sees a q-Gaussian).
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20121022093434/http://tsallis.cat.cbpf.br/constantino.html Homepage of Constantino Tsallis]
- [http://tsallis.cat.cbpf.br/biblio.htm The regularly updated link to the literature of nonextensive statistics]
{{Tsallis}}
{{Authority control}}
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Category:Greek emigrants to Brazil
Category:Argentine people of Greek descent
Category:Brazilian people of Greek descent
Category:Members of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences
Category:Naturalized citizens of Brazil
Category:Commanders of the National Order of Scientific Merit (Brazil)
Category:Santa Fe Institute people
Category:National University of Cuyo alumni