Contumyces
{{Short description|Genus of fungi}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image= Contumyces rosellus 222.jpg
| image_caption = Contumyces rosellus
| taxon = Contumyces
| authority = Redhead, Moncalvo, Vilgalys & Lutzoni (2002)
| type_species = Contumyces rosellus
| type_species_authority = (M.M.Moser) Redhead, Moncalvo, Vilgalys & Lutzoni (2002)
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = C. brunneolilacinus
}}
Contumyces is a genus of brightly colored possibly bryophilous or graminicolous agarics in the Hymenochaetales. They have an omphalinoid morphology, and therefore were previously classified in Omphalina.{{cite journal | author=Redhead, S.A. |year=2002a | title=Phylogeny of agarics: partial systematics solutions for bryophilous omphalinoid agarics outside of the Agaricales (euagarics)| journal=Mycotaxon | volume=82 | pages=151–168|display-authors=etal}}{{cite journal | author=Redhead, S.A. |year=2002b | title=Phylogeny of agarics: partial systematics solutions for core omphalinoid genera in the Agaricales (euagarics)| journal=Mycotaxon | volume=83 | pages=19–57|display-authors=etal}}See also: [https://mushroomobserver.org/observer/show_name/140][http://perso.orange.fr/famm/Photos/Bull27/Contumyces%20vesuviana.html][https://web.archive.org/web/20071031034828/http://micologia.net/g3/Omphalina-vesubiana/Omphalina_vesuviana_tino][https://web.archive.org/web/20071008085851/http://micologia.net/g3/Omphalina-rosella/Omphalina_rosella_asier][https://web.archive.org/web/20071008085929/http://micologia.net/g3/Omphalina-rosella/Omphalina_rosella] They inhabit mossy or grassy silty or sandy soils in the Northern Hemisphere. Phylogenetically related agarics are in the genera Rickenella, Gyroflexus, Loreleia, Cantharellopsis and Blasiphalia, as well as the stipitate-stereoid genera Muscinupta and Cotylidia{{cite journal | author=Larsson, K.-H. |year=2006 |origyear=2007 | title=Hymenochaetales: a molecular phylogeny for the hymenochaetoid clade| journal=Mycologia | volume=98 | issue=6 | pages=926–936 | doi=10.3852/mycologia.98.6.926 | pmid=17486969|display-authors=etal}} and clavarioid genus, Alloclavaria.{{cite journal |author1=Dentinger, B.T.M. |author2=McLaughlin, D.J. |year=2006| title=Reconstructing the Clavariaceae using nuclear large subunit rDNA sequences and a new genus segregated from Clavaria| journal=Mycologia | volume=98 | issue=5 | pages=746–762| doi=10.3852/mycologia.98.5.746 | pmid=17256578}} Contumyces is most similar to Rickenella and Blasiphalia and differs by having its cystidia on the cap, stipe, and hymenium in clusters, whereas in Rickenella and Blasiphalia the cystidia are solitary. Lichenomphalia also may appear similar, but grows on mossy wood.{{Cite book |last=Audubon |title=Mushrooms of North America |publisher=Knopf |year=2023 |isbn=978-0-593-31998-7 |pages=132}}
Etymology
Contumyces is named after the contemporary amateur Italian mycologist, Marco E. Contu (professionally an Italian criminal court judge) and is a replacement for the illegitimate generic name Jacobia, so named after Jakob Emanuel Lange by Contu,{{cite journal |author=Contu M. |title=Jacobia, un nuovo genere di Tricholomataceae omfalinoidi |journal=Bollettino del Gruppo Micologico "G. Bresadola" |year=1997 |volume=40 |issue=2–3 |pages=169–713 (see p. 170) |language=Italian}} but unfortunately a later homonym of Jacobea, a genus of flowering plants. The generic name was erroneously stated to be feminine{{cite journal | author=Redhead, S.A. |year=2002a | title=Phylogeny of agarics: partial systematics solutions for bryophilous omphalinoid agarics outside of the Agaricales (euagarics)| journal=Mycotaxon | volume=82 | pages=151–168|display-authors=etal}} but is in fact masculine because of the '-myces' base.