Cooking show

{{Short description|Television genre that presents food preparation}}

File:Air Force chef with celebrity chef Emeril Lagasse.jpg (right) preparing food on the American cooking show Emeril Live in 2003{{cite news|url=https://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/138454/emeril-salutes-troops-at-mcguire/|title=Emeril salutes troops at McGuire|last=Babin|first=Chance|website=United States Air Force|date=29 September 2003|access-date=30 December 2022}}|thumb]]

A cooking show, cookery show, or cooking program (also spelled cooking programme in British English) is a television genre that presents food preparation, often in a restaurant kitchen or on a studio set, or at the host's personal home. Typically the show's host, often a celebrity chef, prepares one or more dishes over the course of an episode, taking the viewing audience through the food's inspiration, preparation, and stages of cooking.

Cooking shows have been a popular staple of daytime TV programming since the earliest days of television.{{cite web|url=http://flowtv.org/?p=1316|title=TV Cooking Shows: The Evolution of a GenreKathleen Collins / John Jay College, CUNY – Flow|website=flowtv.org}} They are generally very inexpensive to produce, making them an economically easy way for a TV station to fill a half-hour (or sometimes 60-minute) time slot. A number of cooking shows have run for many seasons, especially when they are sponsored by local TV stations or by public broadcasting. Many of the more popular cooking shows have had flamboyant hosts whose unique personalities have made them into celebrities.

Production

File:Kuechenschlacht Studio.JPG ("The Kitchen Battle") in 2008]]

Due to time and production constraints, most, if not all, cooking shows employ filming shortcuts such as video editing, food modeling and photography, and prepared ingredients to speed up the cooking process and ensure a smooth and seamless production.{{cite web|last=Jitchotvisut|first=Janaki|url=https://www.insider.com/reported-secrets-food-tv-shows-2018-5?amp|title=8 secrets about how famous cooking shows are filmed|publisher=Insider.com|date=31 March 2020|access-date=19 August 2020}}{{cite web|last=Lackey|first=Jackson|url=https://www.mashed.com/138206/what-they-dont-show-you-on-celebrity-cooking-shows/|title=What they don't show you on celebrity cooking shows|publisher=Mashed.com|date=15 November 2018|access-date=19 August 2020}}

Genres

Some cooking shows, such as Emeril Live, are oriented towards instructional material, and others, such as Trisha's Southern Kitchen, additionally focus on showcasing the personal lives of the hosts. Some, such as the Rachael Ray Show, blend the genre with a talk show format. There are also reality competitions within the genre such as Iron Chef, MasterChef, and Top Chef, in which contestants are given specific requirements and a time limit to prepare meals, which are then evaluated by a panel of judges, which can include celebrity chefs and other notable personalities. Travel cooking shows such as Gordon Ramsay: Uncharted and Salt Fat Acid Heat explore the culinary experiences of host chefs in various destinations. Chopped and Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives are examples of reality cooking shows, and Chefs A' Field and Chef's Table represent some of the documentary cooking shows.

History

Until the 1940s, most cooking shows were performed on the radio.{{cite magazine|url=http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1898153,00.html|title=The Evolution of TV Cooking|last=Fetini|first=Alyssa|date=14 May 2009|magazine=Time|access-date=7 August 2018|quote=... cooking programs, which began on the radio and transitioned to television in the 1940s ...}} The first radio cooking show in the United States, The Betty Crocker Cooking School of the Air, debuted in 1924 and featured the fictional character Betty Crocker, voiced by Agnes White Tizard.{{cite web|url=http://www.vchistory.org/people/agnes-white-tizard-betty-crocker/|title=Agnes White Tizard|website=Valley Center History Museum|access-date=7 August 2018}}

=United Kingdom=

One of the first television cooking shows, Cook's Night Out, aired on the BBC on 21 January 1937.{{cite news|url=https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/fuenf-gaenge-menue-in-der-roehre.871.de.html?dram:article_id=127585|title=Fünf-Gänge-Menü in der Röhre|last=Novy|first=Beatrix|date=21 January 2012|website=Deutschlandfunk|language=de|access-date=7 August 2018}}{{cite web|url=https://www1.wdr.de/stichtag6368.html|title=21. Januar 1937 - Erster Auftritt eines Fernsehkochs|date=21 January 2012|website=WDR|language=de|access-date=7 August 2018}}{{cite web|url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbctv/1937-01-21#at-21.25|title=BBC Genome|website=BBC|access-date=7 August 2018}} Marcel Boulestin, who became famous in the English-speaking world for his cookery books on French cuisine, demonstrated the preparation of an omelet as part of the 15-minute program. Cookery, which was hosted by Philip Harben and aired from 1946 to 1951, is considered by Guinness World Records to be the first cooking show on television.{{cite web|url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/630545-first-tv-cookery-show|title=First TV cookery show|website=Guinness World Records|access-date=29 December 2022}} On the show's debut, Harben demonstrated the preparation of lobster vols-au-vents.

=United States=

In 1940, Sunday Evening Supper was produced by Edward Padula for the NBC station W2XBS.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2TEEaCrPiWsC&pg=PT802|title=Robertson's Book of Firsts: Who Did What for the First Time|first=Patrick|last=Robertson|date=2011|isbn=9781608197385|access-date=1 November 2018}} I Love to Eat was a live television series hosted by James Beard that aired on NBC from 1946 to 1947. In 1963, The French Chef, one of the first cooking shows in the United States, was launched, and it was hosted by Julia Child, co-author of the cookbook Mastering the Art of French Cooking. In 1973, the cooking show Frugal Gourmet was launched on KTPS-TV, and was hosted by Jeff Smith, a chef from Seattle.{{cite news|url=http://old.seattletimes.com/html/obituaries/2001976403_smith10.html|title=Jeff Smith, 1939 - 2004: "Frugal Gourmet" was popular on PBS|first=Judith|last=Blake|work = The Seattle Times|date=10 July 2004|access-date=1 November 2018}} In 1993, Food Network launched as a cable channel devoted primarily to cooking shows and other programming relating to food.

=Australia=

The Chef Presents, one of the first cooking shows in Australia, ran from 1957 to 1959 and was hosted by Willi Koeppen.{{cite news|url=https://televisionau.com/2012/08/whatever-happened-to-willi-koeppen.html|title=Whatever happened to Willi Koeppen?|website=Television.AU|date=18 August 2012|access-date=28 March 2019}}{{cite news|url=https://aussiecuisine.com.au/2016/06/heres-one-i-prepared-earlier-a-cooking-on-australian-television-timeline/|title="Here's one I prepared earlier" – A cooking on Australian television timeline|website=Aussie Cuisine|first=Philip|last=Youngman|date=8 June 2016|access-date=28 March 2019}} The Jean Bowring Show, a cooking show aimed at women, aired from 1957 to 1960.

=Brazil=

The first cooking show on Brazilian television, Veja como se cozinha (English: "Watch How It's Cooked"), first aired from 1951 to 1958 with Marialice Prestes as its host, and then again from 1961 to 1963 featuring host Ofélia Anunciato.{{cite web|url=https://www.guiadoscuriosos.com.br/televisao-2/os-programas-de-culinaria-pioneiros-da-tv-brasileira/|title=Os programas de culinária pioneiros da TV brasileira|last=Duarte|first=Marcelo|date=5 September 2020|website=O Guia dos Curiosos|language=pt|access-date=29 December 2022}} Helena Sangirardi hosted Sirva-se de bons pratos (English: "Help Yourself to Good Dishes") in 1956 and A Alegria de Cozinhar (English: "The Joy of Cooking") in 1957. Cozinha Maravilhosa da Ofélia (English: "Ofélia's Wonderful Cuisine"{{cite journal|last1=Cordeiro|first1=Ester Pinter|last2=Fonseca|first2=Luíza Reis Amaral|last3=Ribeiro|first3=Rita de Cássia|last4=Sathler|first4=Márcia Maia|year=2020|title=The evolution of Brazilian cuisine books and its relationship with contemporary cooking habits|url=https://www.e-publicacoes.uerj.br/index.php/demetra/article/view/47370/35955|journal=Demetra|volume=15|page=5|doi=10.12957/demetra.2020.47370|doi-access=free|issn=2238-913X|access-date=30 December 2022}}) was hosted by Ofélia Anunciato and aired from 1968 to 1998,{{cite news|url=https://observatoriodatv.uol.com.br/noticias/ha-19-anos-chegava-ao-fim-a-cozinha-maravilhosa-da-ofelia|title=Há 19 anos, chegava ao fim a Cozinha Maravilhosa da Ofélia|last=Santana|first=André|date=26 October 2017|website=Observatório da TV|language=pt|access-date=29 December 2022}} becoming the longest-running Brazilian cooking show.{{cite news|url=https://guide.michelin.com/br/pt_BR/article/news-and-views/gastronomia-no-horario-nobre|title=Gastronomia no horário nobre|date=19 July 2022|website=Michelin Guide|language=pt|access-date=29 December 2022}}

=France=

In 1953, Jean d'Arcy, a French television director, was inspired by a cooking show in West Germany and brought the idea to France, resulting in the debut of the show Les Recettes de M. X (English: "The Recipes of Mr. X").{{cite news|url=https://www.franceinter.fr/culture/les-emissions-culinaires-une-bonne-vieille-recette|title=Les émissions culinaires, une bonne vieille recette|website=France Inter|first=Anne|last=Audigier|language=fr|date=5 April 2017|access-date=17 March 2019}}{{cite news|url=https://www.vice.com/fr/article/une-histoire-francaise-des-emissions-de-cuisine-a-la-tele/|title=Une histoire française des émissions de cuisine à la télé|website=Munchies|first=Léo|last=Bourdin|language=fr|date=14 February 2017|access-date=16 March 2019}} Hosted by comedian Georges Adet, it was the first cooking show to air in France, starting in 1953 and ending a year later. Art et magie de la cuisine (English: "Art and Magic of the Kitchen"), hosted by chef Raymond Oliver, was another one of the first cooking shows to air in France, running from 1954 to 1967.{{cite news|url=https://www.foodpowa.com/les-emissions-de-cuisine-qui-ont-change-la-tele-francaise/|title=Les émissions de cuisine qui ont changé la télé française|website=Food Powa|language=fr|date=15 December 2016|access-date=16 March 2019}}

=Germany=

On 20 February 1953, Clemens Wilmenrod bittet zu Tisch (English: "Clemens Wilmenrod Invites You to the Table"), the first cooking show in then-West Germany, was broadcast, with television chef Clemens Wilmenrod presenting recipes for foods such as Rumtopf and Toast Hawaii.{{cite news|url=https://www.noz.de/deutschland-welt/medien/artikel/1022510/vor-65-jahren-wurde-die-erste-deutsche-kochshow-ausgestrahlt-1|title=Vor 65 Jahren wurde die erste deutsche Kochshow ausgestrahlt|language=de|website=Neue Osnabrücker Zeitung|first=Cornelia|last=Wystrichowski|date=20 February 2018|access-date=16 March 2019}}

=Japan=

In 1953, {{Nihongo||味覚のしおり|Mikaku no Shiori|lead=yes}}, one of the first cooking shows in Japan, was broadcast, with Hatsuko Kuroda presenting chicken salad.{{cite web|url=https://kerokero-info.com/what_today_calendar/what-today-0121-1/|title=料理番組の日の由来と面白い雑学、1月21日の今日は何の日？|language=ja|website=雑学.com|date=19 July 2017|access-date=16 March 2019}}{{cite web|url=http://studiofour.sakura.ne.jp/nannohi/1.htm|title=今日は何の日 1月|language=ja|website=studio FOUR|access-date=16 March 2019}}

=New Zealand=

Graham Kerr was one of the first celebrity chefs to appear on New Zealand television, when the medium was introduced to the country in 1960.{{cite web |title=Cookbooks, magazines and television shows |url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/cooking/page-3 |publisher=Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand}} Kerr was later followed by Alison Holst, Des Britten, and Hudson and Halls.

Popular culture

Sue Ann Nivens, a character played by Betty White in The Mary Tyler Moore Show, is the host of WJM's The Happy Homemaker, a fictional cooking show. In the Family Guy episode "Pilling Them Softly", Quagmire starts his own cooking show called "Quagmire's Kitchen".