Coprococcus
{{short description|Genus of bacteria}}
{{Taxobox
| image = Coprococcus eutactus00.jpg
| domain = Bacteria
| phylum = Bacillota
| classis = Clostridia
| ordo = Lachnospirales
| familia = Lachnospiraceae
| genus = Coprococcus
| genus_authority = Holdeman and Moore 1974
| type_species = Coprococcus eutactus
| type_species_authority = Holdeman and Moore 1974
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
- C. aceti
- C. ammoniilyticus
- C. eutactus
- C. hominis
- C. immobilis
- C. intestinihominis
- C. mobilis
}}
Coprococcus is a genus of obligately anaerobic, nonmotile, Gram-positive cocci that are part of the human and animal gut microbiota.{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1099/00207713-24-2-260|title = New Genus, Coprococcus, Twelve New Species, and Emended Descriptions of Four Previously Described Species of Bacteria from Human Feces|journal = International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology|volume = 24|issue = 2|pages = 260–277|year = 1974|last1 = Holdeman|first1 = L. V.|last2 = Moore|first2 = W. E. C.|doi-access = free}}
Coprococcus spp. are notable for their ability to ferment dietary fibers into short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, which is a key metabolite that supports colonocyte health, enhances mucosal integrity, and has anti-inflammatory properties. The genus is considered an important contributor to colonic homeostasis and overall gut health.{{Cite journal |last=Louis |first=Petia |last2=Flint |first2=Harry J. |title=Formation of propionate and butyrate by the human colonic microbiota |journal=Environmental Microbiology |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=29–41 |year=2017 |doi=10.1111/1462-2920.13589 |pmid=27235414}}
Depletion of Coprococcus has been reported in patients with colorectal cancer, although a direct protective role remains to be fully established.{{Cite journal|last1=Xia|first1=Li C.|last2=Liu|first2=Gang|last3=Gao|first3=Yingxin|last4=Li|first4=Xiaoxin|last5=Pan|first5=Hongfei|last6=Ai|first6=Dongmei|date=2019|title=Identifying Gut Microbiota Associated With Colorectal Cancer Using a Zero-Inflated Lognormal Model|journal=Frontiers in Microbiology|language=English|volume=10|page=826|doi=10.3389/fmicb.2019.00826|pmid=31068913|pmc=6491826|issn=1664-302X|doi-access=free}}
One species, Coprococcus comes, may also influence the efficacy of blood pressure-lowering medications by modifying gut metabolism of esterified angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.Yang et al. (2022). Identification of a gut commensal that compromises the blood pressure-lowering effect of ester angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18711. Hypertension. 2022;79:1591–1601.
Phylogeny
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN){{cite web | author=A.C. Parte | display-authors= et al.| url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/coprococcus | title=Coprococcus | access-date=2022-09-09 | publisher=List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)}} and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI){{cite web |author = Sayers| url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Undef&id=33042&lvl=3&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock |title=Coprococcus |access-date=2022-09-09 |publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database |display-authors=et al.}}
Additional species placed elsewhere in LTP and GTDB phylogenies:
- Coprococcus catus Holdeman and Moore 1974
- Coprococcus comes Holdeman and Moore 1974
- "Coprococcus phoceensis" Bonnet et al. 2019
Etymology
From Ancient Greek:
- kopros – excrement, faeces
- kokkos – berry
→ Coprococcus – faecal coccus
See also
References
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{{Bacteria classification}}
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