Cork Prison
{{Short description|Prison in Ireland}}
{{Distinguish|Cork City Gaol|Cork County Gaol}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2015}}
{{Use Hiberno-English|date=August 2015}}
{{Infobox prison
| prison_name = Cork Prison
| image =
| caption =
|pushpin_map = Ireland Cork Central
| location = Rathmore Road, Cork City
| coordinates = {{coord|51.9088|N|8.4606|W|region:IE}}
| status = Operational
| classification = Medium Security
| capacity = 296
| population = 262
| populationdate = 2022
| opened =
| closed =
| former_name = Collins Barracks
| managed_by = Irish Prison Service
| director =
| governor = Patrick Dawson{{cite web|url=http://www.irishprisons.ie/index.php/joomlaorg/cork-prison |title=Cork Prison |publisher=Irishprisons.ie |date=2012-04-17 |accessdate=15 May 2016 }}
| warden =
| prisoners =
}}
Cork Prison ({{Langx|ga|Príosún Chorcaí}}){{cite web|url = http://www.citizensinformation.ie/ga/justice/prison_system/prisons_and_places_of_detention.html | language = Irish | title = Priosuin agus Áiteanna Coinneala (Prisons and Places of Detention) | accessdate = 6 February 2017 | publisher = Citizens Information Centre }} is an Irish penal institution on Rathmore Road, Cork City, Ireland. It is a closed, medium security prison for males over 17 years of age. As of 2022, it had a bed capacity of 296 and the daily average number of resident inmates was 262.{{cite report|author=Irish Prison Service|title=ANNUAL REPORT 2022|date=2022|page=36|url=https://www.irishprisons.ie/wp-content/uploads/documents_pdf/IPS-Annual-Report-22_Print-1.pdf}}{{cite news|first=Barry |last=Roche |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/new-45-million-cork-prison-will-mark-a-major-improvement-1.2506073 |title=New €45 million Cork Prison will mark 'a major improvement' |publisher=Irish Times |date=22 January 2016 |accessdate=15 May 2016}} It is immediately adjacent to Collins Barracks and near the Glen area of the city.
While the current prison facility was built and opened as a €45m development in 2016, it replaced an existing 19th century prison facility on the same road.
History
=Detention Barracks (1806)=
In 1806 a military barracks was opened by the British Government on Rathmore Road, Cork City, the new complex included a Detention Barracks for use by the military.
In 1916, during a round-up following the Easter Rising, the RIC went to arrest the nationalist Kent family at their home in Castleyons, County Cork. The family resisted and in an ensuing shoot-out, Richard Kent and Constable William Rowe were killed. The following week Thomas Kent was convicted of the murder of Constable Rowe. He was executed and buried at the military prison of Victoria Barracks (now Cork Prison).{{cite news|url= http://corkindependent.com/20140227/news/mystery-of-corks-1916-patriot-may-be-solved-soon-S80493.html|title= Mystery of Cork's 1916 patriot may be solved soon|author= Brian Hayes Curtin|publisher= Cork Independent|date= 27 February 2014|access-date= 21 March 2015|archive-date= 13 May 2016|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160513154736/http://www.corkindependent.com/20140227/news/mystery-of-corks-1916-patriot-may-be-solved-soon-S80493.html|url-status= dead}}
During the Irish War of Independence a number of executions were carried out at the prison and nearby barracks. Following independence in 1922, the barracks and the associated prison were taken over by the Irish Government and the complex was renamed Collins Army Barracks.
The detention barracks remained in the possession of the Irish Army until 1972.
=Cork Prison (1972)=
The military prison buildings, previously part of the broader barracks, were handed over to the Department of Justice for use as a civil prison. Collins Barracks itself remained in the control of the Irish Army, with the prison facility serviced with separate access via Rathmore Road.
The prison facility opened as a committal prison after considerable refurbishment in 1983.{{cite book|last=Irish Prisons Inspectorate|title=Cork Prison Inspection: 5th - 12th June 2007| year=2007| location=Dublin| url=http://www.inis.gov.ie/en/JELR/Prisons%20Rpt%20Cork%20June%2007.pdf/Files/Prisons%20Rpt%20Cork%20June%2007.pdf}}
In the following decades, overcrowding became an issue. Though the official bed capacity was 272, in 2009 for example, the prison had a daily average inmate population of 298.{{cite book|last=Irish Prison Service|title=Annual Report|year=2010|location=Dublin|pages=10–12|url=http://www.irishprisons.ie/documents/AnnualReport2009PDF.pdf |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110501063451/http://www.irishprisons.ie/documents/AnnualReport2009PDF.pdf | archivedate= 1 May 2011}} The practice of "slopping out" was noted as a concern,{{cite news |first=Liz |last=Dunphy |url=http://www.eveningecho.ie/cork-news/prisoners-moving-into-the-new-e40m-cork-prison-today/1842969/ |title=Prisoners moving into the new €40m Cork Prison today |publisher=Evening Echo |date=12 February 2016 |accessdate=15 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605033920/http://www.eveningecho.ie/cork-news/prisoners-moving-into-the-new-e40m-cork-prison-today/1842969/ |archive-date=5 June 2016 |url-status=dead }}{{cite news|url= http://www.rte.ie/news/2016/0121/762005-new-cork-prison/ | publisher= RTÉ News| date= 21 January 2016 | title=End of 'slopping-out' at new Cork prison | accessdate = 15 May 2016}} and in 2011 a visiting committee described some parts of the 19th century facility as "archaic and Dickensian".{{cite web|first=Peter |last=Murtagh |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/minister-told-cork-prison-overcrowded-archaic-and-dickensian-1.1421053 |title=Minister told Cork Prison overcrowded, 'archaic and Dickensian' |publisher=Irishtimes.com |date=2013-06-08 |accessdate=15 May 2016 }}
The old Cork Prison building closed on 12 February 2016 after 210 years of operation as a military detention facility (since 1806) and a civilian prison (since 1972).
It has since been used as a filming location, including for the films Maze (2017) and Michael Inside (2017).{{cite web|url = https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/artsfilmtv/michael-inside-brings-a-first-time-prisoners-experience-to-the-big-screen-462102.html | publisher = Irish Examiner | title = Michael Inside brings a first time prisoner's experience to the big screen | date = 4 November 2017 }}
="New" Cork Prison (2016)=
In 2016, the older prison buildings were replaced by a new facility - constructed directly across Rathmore Road from the original prison. The new €45m prison facility is located on a 6-acre site.{{cite news|url = http://www.irishexaminer.com/ireland/video-pics-new-era-dawns-for-corks-new-42m-state-of-the-art-prison-facility-377551.html |first= Eoin |last= English |publisher = Irish Examiner | date= 22 January 2016 | title= New era dawns for Cork's new €42m state-of-the-art prison facility | accessdate = 15 May 2016 }} Built by PJ Hegarty and Sons in 20 months, it has improved monitoring facilities,{{cite web |last=O'Neill |first=Kevin |url=http://www.eveningecho.ie/cork-news/cork-prison-inmate-locked-outside-yard-night/2059147/ |title=Cork Prison inmate locked outside in yard all night |publisher=Evening Echo |date=4 May 2016 |accessdate=15 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507015811/http://www.eveningecho.ie/cork-news/cork-prison-inmate-locked-outside-yard-night/2059147/ |archive-date=7 May 2016 |url-status=dead }} and an operational capacity of 310 inmates.{{citation needed|date=May 2016}}
James Collins retired as Governor of Cork prison in March 2016 and has been replaced by Governor Patrick Dawson.