Cosin's Library
{{Short description|Library building in Durham, England}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox library
| library_name = Cosin's Library
| name_en =
| library_logo =
| image = File:ExamInCosin.jpg
| caption = An examination taking place in Cosin's Library, 1842
| country = United Kingdom
| type = Academic library
| scope =
| established = {{Start date|df=yes|1669}}
| ref_legal_mandate =
| location = Palace Green, Durham, England
| coordinates = {{Coord|54.7747|-1.5762|region:GB_type:landmark|display=title,inline}}
| location_map = Durham
| branch_of = Durham University Library
| num_branches =
| items_collected = Books, maps, prints, drawings and manuscripts
| collection_size = 5,000
| criteria =
| req_to_access =
| annual_circulation =
| pop_served =
| members =
| budget =
| director =
| num_employees =
| website = [https://cosinslibrary.webspace.durham.ac.uk/ cosinslibrary.webspace.durham.ac.uk]
| phone_num =
| module = {{Designation list
| embed = yes
| designation1 = Grade II*
| designation1_offname = Cosin's Library (University Library)
| designation1_date = 19 October 1962
| designation1_number = 1121382{{National Heritage List for England| num= 1121382 |desc=Cosin's Library (University Library) |grade=II* |accessdate=21 August 2020}}
| designation2 = Scheduled monument
}}
}}
Bishop Cosin's Library, originally the Episcopal Library or Bibliotheca Episcopalis Dunelmensis, is an historic library founded in 1669 in Durham, England. Owned by the University of Durham, the library is open to the public.
History
= Foundation =
file:Building adjoining Durham Cathedral - geograph.org.uk - 977789.jpg
John Cosin, a monarchist who was then master of Peterhouse, Cambridge, went into exile in Paris during the English Civil War, where he became acquainted with the Bibliothèque Mazarine, one of the earliest public libraries.{{cite web|url=https://www.durhamworldheritagesite.com/architecture/palace-green/library/cosins-library|title=Cosin's Library|website=Durham World Heritage Site}}
On the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, Cosin returned to England, and shortly afterwards was appointed Bishop of Durham.
In Durham, he began a programme of improvements around Palace Green, including building the library, one of the first public libraries in northern England, for the use of clergy and gentlemen of the diocese.{{cite web|url=https://www.dur.ac.uk/library/asc/collection_information/cosinslibrary/|title=A special place in the heart of Durham: Bishop Cosin’s Library|website=Palace Green Library|publisher=Durham University}}
It was constructed in 1667-8 by Cosin's Quaker architect, John Longstaffe, at a cost of £2500 ({{Inflation|UK|2500|1669|fmt=eq|cursign=£|r=-4}}).{{cite web|url=https://www.dur.ac.uk/news/shakespeare_folio/cosins_library|website=Durham University|title=Cosin’s Library – home of the Durham Shakespeare First Folio|access-date=21 August 2020}}
Its initial collection consisted of over 5,000 books collected by Bishop Cosin, including his own collection previously stored at Peterhouse. These books included a copy of William Shakespeare's First Folio, which Cosin had probably bought new in 1623 and is the only copy to have remained in the same personal collection since it was first purchased.{{cite web|url=https://www.dur.ac.uk/news/shakespeare_folio/background/|website=Durham University|title=Background to the Shakespeare Folio|access-date=21 August 2020}}
The original portrait panels located above the bookshelves were painted by Jan Baptist van Eerssell in 1668–1669. Further portraits hang in the library, including half portraits of English politicians.
= Durham University =
File:Interior of Cosin's Library September 2022.jpg
At its foundation in 1833, Durham University was granted use of the library, and received a donation of books from Bishop William Van Mildert as the founding collection of the Durham University Library. A gallery was constructed in Cosin's Library to accommodate this collection. The roof was raised, and the parapet also raised and altered from battlements to conceal the heightened roof. A two-storey porch was added to the front of the library at this time to give access to the gallery.
In 1937, the library came under the sole trusteeship of Durham University.{{cite web|url=https://cosinslibrary.webspace.durham.ac.uk/the-library/history/|title=History|website=Cosin's Library|access-date=21 March 2023}}
In 1998, a group of manuscripts was stolen from the library, including Bishop Cosin's copy of the Shakespeare First Folio. The folio was recovered in 2008 after it was taken to the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington DC to be valued, though it had sustained damage from attempts to hide its provenance. It returned to display at the library in 2010.{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10567772|title=Stolen Durham University Shakespeare folio 'mutilated'|date=9 July 2010|access-date=21 August 2020|website=BBC News}}
In October 2005, the collections in the library were included in the first group given designated status by the Museums, Libraries and Archives Council as having an "outstanding national and international significance".{{cite web|url=https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/data/gb33-cosin|title=Bishop Cosin's Library|website=Archives Hub|publisher=Jisc}}
In 2019, the university received an £85,000 grant to catalogue and digitise the contents of the library.{{cite web|url=https://www.dur.ac.uk/research/news/item/?itemno=40622|title=Sharing our 350-year-old library with the world|date=17 December 2019|website=Durham University}}
References
{{reflist}}{{Durham University}}
{{Academic libraries in the United Kingdom}}
Category:Libraries in County Durham
Category:1669 establishments in England
Category:Educational organizations established in the 1660s
Category:Libraries established in the 17th century
Category:Grade II* listed library buildings
Category:Buildings and structures of Durham University
Category:Scheduled monuments in County Durham