Coxeter–Todd lattice

In mathematics, the Coxeter–Todd lattice K12, discovered by {{harvs|txt=yes|author1-link=H. S. M. Coxeter|author2-link=J. A. Todd|last=Coxeter|last2=Todd|year=1953}}, is a 12-dimensional even integral lattice of discriminant 36 with no norm-2 vectors. It is the sublattice of the Leech lattice fixed by a certain automorphism of order 3, and is analogous to the Barnes–Wall lattice. The automorphism group of the Coxeter–Todd lattice has order 210·37·5·7=78382080, and there are 756 vectors in this lattice of norm 4 (the shortest nonzero vectors in this lattice).

Properties

The Coxeter–Todd lattice can be made into a 6-dimensional lattice self dual over the Eisenstein integers. The automorphism group of this complex lattice has index 2 in the full automorphism group of the Coxeter–Todd lattice and is a complex reflection group (number 34 on the list) with structure 6.PSU4(F3).2, called the Mitchell group.

The genus of the Coxeter–Todd lattice was described by {{harv|Scharlau|Venkov|1995}} and has 10 isometry classes: all of them other than the Coxeter–Todd lattice have a root system of maximal rank 12.

Construction

Based on [http://www.math.rwth-aachen.de/~Gabriele.Nebe/LATTICES/K12.html Nebe] web page we can define K12 using following 6 vectors in 6-dimensional complex coordinates. ω is complex number of order 3 i.e. ω3=1.

(1,0,0,0,0,0), (0,1,0,0,0,0), (0,0,1,0,0,0),

½(1,ω,ω,1,0,0), ½(ω,1,ω,0,1,0), ½(ω,ω,1,0,0,1),

By adding vectors having scalar product -½ and multiplying by ω we can obtain all lattice vectors. We have 15 combinations of two zeros times 16 possible signs gives 240 vectors; plus 6 unit vectors times 2 for signs gives 240+12=252 vectors. Multiply it by 3 using multiplication by ω we obtain 756 unit vectors in K12 lattice.

Further reading

The Coxeter–Todd lattice is described in detail in {{harv|Conway|Sloane|1999|loc=section 4.9}} and {{harv|Conway|Sloane|1983}}.

References

  • {{citation |last1=Conway |first1=J. H. |last2=Sloane |first2=N. J. A. |year=1983 |title=The Coxeter–Todd lattice, the Mitchell group, and related sphere packings |journal=Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society |volume=93 |issue=3 |pages=421–440 |doi=10.1017/S0305004100060746 |bibcode=1983MPCPS..93..421C |mr=0698347}}
  • {{Citation | last1=Conway | first1=John Horton | author1-link=John Horton Conway | last2=Sloane | first2=Neil J. A. | author2-link=Neil Sloane | year=1999 | title=Sphere Packings, Lattices and Groups | publisher=Springer-Verlag | location=Berlin, New York | edition=3rd | series=Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften | volume=290 | isbn=978-0-387-98585-5 | mr=0920369 | doi=10.1007/978-1-4757-2016-7 | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/spherepackingsla0000conw_b8u0 }}
  • {{citation

|last1=Coxeter |first1=H. S. M. |last2=Todd |first2=J. A.

|title=An extreme duodenary form

|journal=Canadian Journal of Mathematics

|volume=5

|year=1953

|pages=384–392

|mr=0055381

|doi=10.4153/CJM-1953-043-4|doi-access=free

}}

  • {{citation

|url=http://www.matha.mathematik.uni-dortmund.de/preprints/95-07.html

|title=The genus of the Coxeter-Todd lattice

|first1=Rudolf

|last1=Scharlau

|first2=Boris B.

|last2=Venkov

|year=1995

|journal=Preprint

|url-status=dead

|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070612070900/http://www.matha.mathematik.uni-dortmund.de/preprints/95-07.html

|archivedate=2007-06-12

}}