Cramond Tower
{{Short description|Castle in City of Edinburgh, Scotland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2018}}
{{Infobox Military Structure
|name=Cramond Tower
|location=Edinburgh, Scotland
|coordinates = {{coord|55.9782368|-3.2976298|type:landmark|display=inline}}
|image=A Cramond-torony magánrezidencia, egy állatkitömő tulajdonában van (The Cramond Tower is a private residence, property of a taxidermist) - panoramio.jpg
|image_size=250px
|caption=Cramond Tower
|map_type = Edinburgh
|map_relief=
|map_caption =
|type=
|built=15th century
|builder=
|materials=
|used=
|condition=
|open_to_public=
|controlledby=
|ownership=private residence
{{Infobox designation list
| embed = yes
| designation1 = Category B listed building
| designation1_date = {{Start date and age|1966|07|14|df=yes}}
| designation1_offname =4 Kirk Cramond, Cramond Tower
| designation1_number = LB28018{{Historic Environment Scotland|num= LB28018|desc=4 Kirk Cramond, Cramond Tower|cat=B |access-date= 17 July 2022}}
}}
}}
Cramond Tower is a fifteenth-century tower house in the village of Cramond to the north-west of Edinburgh, Scotland.
History
The area around the Tower has had a human settlement since the time of Ancient Rome, and there are relics from that time in the area. The Tower was probably built in the late 15th or early 16th century, primarily as a defensive feature, although it could have been built earlier, and may have been mentioned in 1409.{{cite book|last=Wood|first=John Philip|title=The antient and modern state of the parish of Cramond|url=https://archive.org/details/antientandmoder00woodgoog|year=1794|page=[https://archive.org/details/antientandmoder00woodgoog/page/n69 45]}} It was at one stage part of the bishop of Dunkeld's summer residence.
It became the property of James Inglis, an Edinburgh merchant, in 1622. He repurposed the tower to make it more comfortable for occupation, adding and enlarging windows and creating internal recesses to increase the available living space. His grandson moved to the nearby Cramond House in 1680, and the tower was abandoned for the next 300 years.
It was portrayed as a romantic ruin by James Skene in 1837, and was in a poor state of preservation by the middle of the twentieth century.{{cite web |url=http://www.capitalcollections.org.uk/index.php?a=ViewItem&i=593&WINID=1411678031394 |title=Cramond Tower |publisher=capitalcollections.org.uk |accessdate=25 September 2014}}{{cite web |url=http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/50421/details/edinburgh+cramond+kirk+cramond+cramond+tower/ |title=Edinburgh, Cramond, Kirk Cramond, Cramond Tower |publisher=rcahms.gov.uk |accessdate=25 September 2014}} In the 1960s, the City of Edinburgh Council put a concrete cap on the roof and cleared the vegetation.
In 1978, it was acquired by Eric Jamieson, an amateur antiquarian.{{cite web |url=http://www.scottishcastlesassociation.com/rec-id-141-cat_id-1-highlight-2.htm |title=Cramond Tower - A Derelict Property - Rescued, Restored and Reoccupied |publisher=scottishcastlesassociation.com |accessdate=25 September 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140511041704/http://www.scottishcastlesassociation.com/rec-id-141-cat_id-1-highlight-2.htm |archivedate=11 May 2014 }} Between 1979 and 1981, it was restored by architects Robert Hurd & Partners into a private residence.{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=LB28018|desc=4 Kirk Cramond, Cramond Tower|cat=B|access-date=28 March 2019}}{{cite web |url=http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/download/downloads/id/223/cramond |title=Edinburgh: Survey of Gardens and Designed Landscapes (034 Cramond) |publisher=edinburgh.gov.uk |format=PDF |accessdate=25 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328230914/http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/download/downloads/id/223/cramond |archive-date=28 March 2019 |url-status=dead }}
It was damaged by a fire in 2011.{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-edinburgh-east-fife-15983227 |title=Fire causes damage to Cramond Tower in Edinburgh |work=BBC News |date=1 December 2011 |accessdate=25 September 2014}}
Description
The castle is a nearly square four-storey tower house, around {{convert|25|ft}} on each side and with walls up to {{convert|5|ft}} thick. In the south-east corner is a round staircase that protrudes from the building. Currently, the tower has a store at ground level, a living room on the first floor, kitchen on the second, and bedrooms and bathrooms on the third and fourth floors.{{cite web |url=http://www.scottish-taxidermy.co.uk/pages/cramondtower.htm |title=Cramond Tower |publisher=scottish-taxidermy.co.uk |accessdate=25 September 2014}} A pitched roof has been re-erected as part of the restoration.{{cite book |last=Lindsay |first=Maurice |year=1994 |title=The Castles of Scotland |publisher=Constable |isbn=0-09-473430-5 |page=[https://archive.org/details/castlesofscotlan0000lind/page/167 167] |url=https://archive.org/details/castlesofscotlan0000lind/page/167 }} In the 1990s, a stone extension was added on the east side.
It is a category B listed building.
Archaeology
Excavations between 1976 & 1981 and 1987 & 1988 found medieval and post-medieval material. They also identified building foundations to the west of the tower which are believed to be the outbuildings identified in the 19th century. Because of its proximity to Cramond Roman Fort some Roman amphorae and mortaria, as well as a defensive ditch for the fort, were also found.{{Cite web|title=Vol 74 (2017): Excavations and Interventions in and around Cramond Roman Fort and Annexe, 1976 to 1990 {{!}} Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports|url=http://journals.socantscot.org/index.php/sair/issue/view/103|access-date=2021-09-03|website=journals.socantscot.org}}
References
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External links
{{commons category}}
{{Residential buildings in Edinburgh}}
{{coord |55.9773|N|3.2995|W|display=title}}