Crinivirus

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| taxon = Crinivirus

| subdivision_ranks = Species

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{{Infobox rfam

| Name = 3'-terminal pseudoknot in SPCSV

| image = RF01091.png

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| caption = Predicted secondary structure of the 3'-terminal pseudoknot in SPCSV

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| Rfam = RF01091

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| RNA_type = Cis-reg

| Tax_domain = Crinivirus

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Crinivirus, formerly the lettuce infectious yellows virus group, is a genus of viruses, in the family Closteroviridae.{{cite web |title=ICTV Report Closteroviridae |url=http://www.ictv.global/report/closteroviridae}} They are linear, single-stranded positive sense RNA viruses (and are therefore group IV).ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.017.0.02. Crinivirus. In: ICTVdB—The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA There are 14 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: yellowing and necrosis, particularly affecting the phloem.{{cite web|title=Viral Zone|url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/287.html|publisher=ExPASy|access-date=15 June 2015}}

Examples of species whose entire genomes have been sequenced that are currently classified into the genus include the Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV) and the Lettuce infectious yellows virus (LIYV).Journal of Virology. 2002 September; 76(18): 9260–9270ICTVdB Management (2006)

Genetics

The viruses of this genus have segmented, bipartite genomes that add up to 7,500–19,500 nucleotides in length. Their genomes also code for proteins that do not form part of the virion particles as well as structural proteins. The Universal Virus Database describes that their genome sequences near their 3'-ends are capable of hairpin-loop formation and also believe that their 5'-ends may have methylated caps. Each of the viral RNA molecules contains four hair-pin structures and a pseudoknot in the 3'UTR. The pseudoknot is unusual in that it contains a small stem-loop structure inside loop L1.{{cite journal |vauthors=Livieratos IC, Eliasco E, Müller G |title=Analysis of the RNA of Potato yellow vein virus: evidence for a tripartite genome and conserved 3'-terminal structures among members of the genus Crinivirus |journal=J. Gen. Virol. |volume=85 |issue=Pt 7 |pages=2065–75 |date=July 2004 |pmid=15218192 |doi=10.1099/vir.0.79910-0 |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free |hdl=1887/3629824 |hdl-access=free }} In the related genus Closterovirus, these secondary structures have been found to be important in viral RNA replication.{{cite journal |vauthors=Satyanarayana T, Gowda S, Ayllón MA, Albiach-Martí MR, Dawson WO |title=Mutational analysis of the replication signals in the 3'-nontranslated region of citrus tristeza virus |journal=Virology |volume=300 |issue=1 |pages=140–52 |date=August 2002 |pmid=12202214 |doi= 10.1006/viro.2002.1550|doi-access=free }}

Structure

Viruses in the genus Crinivirus are non-enveloped, with bipartite filamentous geometries. The diameter is around 10-13 nm, with a length of 700-900 nm. Genomes are linear and bipartite, around 17.6kb in length.

Genus	Structure \|\| Symmetry	Capsid	Genomic arrangement	Genomic segmentation
class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
Crinivirus	Filamentous		Non-enveloped	Linear	Monopartite, bipartite, or tripartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement.

Plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (bemisia tabaci). Transmission route is mechanical.

Genus	Host details	Tissue tropism	Entry details	Release details	Replication site	Assembly site	Transmission
class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
Crinivirus	Plants	None	Viral movement; mechanical inoculation	Viral movement	Cytoplasm	Cytoplasm	Mechanical inoculation: insects (whitefly)

Taxonomy

The following species are assigned to the genus, listed by scientific name and followed by their common names:{{cite web|title=Virus Taxonomy: 2024 Release|url=https://ictv.global/taxonomy|publisher=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses|access-date=9 March 2025}}

Crinivirus abutilonis, Abutilon yellows virus
Crinivirus chelidonii, Tetterwort vein chlorosis virus
Crinivirus contagichlorosis, Tomato infectious chlorosis virus
Crinivirus cucurbitae, Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus
Crinivirus diodiae, Diodia vein chlorosis virus
Crinivirus flavibetae, Bean yellow disorder virus
Crinivirus flavisolani, Potato yellow vein virus
Crinivirus ipomeae, Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus
Crinivirus lactucachlorosi, Lettuce chlorosis virus
Crinivirus lactucaflavi, Lettuce infectious yellows virus
Crinivirus palidofragariae, Strawberry pallidosis-associated virus
Crinivirus pseudobetae, Beet pseudoyellows virus
Crinivirus rubi, Blackberry yellow vein-associated virus
Crinivirus tomatichlorosis, Tomato chlorosis virus

References

External links

[http://www.ictv.global/report/closteroviridae ICTV Report: Closteroviridae]
[http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/287.html Viralzone: Crinivirus]
[http://rfam.xfam.org/family/RF01091 Rfam entry for 3'-terminal pseudoknot in SPCSV]
[http://rfam.xfam.org/family/RF01095 Rfam entry for 3'-terminal pseudoknot of CuYV/BPYV]
[http://rfam.xfam.org/family/RF01078 Rfam entry for 3'-terminal pseudoknot in PYVV]

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| Image:RF01091.png|3'-terminal pseudoknot in SPCSV: Predicted secondary structure taken from the [http://rfam.xfam.org/ Rfam] database. Family [http://rfam.sanger.ac.uk/family/RF01091 RF01091].

| Image:RF01078.png|3'-terminal pseudoknot in PYVV: Predicted secondary structure taken from the [http://rfam.xfam.org/ Rfam] database. Family [http://rfam.sanger.ac.uk/family/RF01078 RF01078].

| Image:RF01095.png|3'-terminal pseudoknot of CuYV/BPYV: Predicted secondary structure taken from the [http://rfam.xfam.org/ Rfam] database. Family [http://rfam.sanger.ac.uk/family/RF01095 RF01095].

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Category:Closteroviridae

Category:Viral plant pathogens and diseases

Category:Virus genera