Crowder Formation
{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Crowder Formation
| image =
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| type = Geologic formation
| age = Pliocene
| period = Pliocene
| prilithology =
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| region = Mojave Desert,
in San Gabriel Mountains and San Bernardino Mountains,
Los Angeles County, San Bernardino County,
California
| country = United States
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| underlies =Harold Formation, Shoemaker Gravel
| overlies = Punchbowl Formation{{Cite Q| Q57842316|page=49}}
| thickness =
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The Crowder Formation is a geologic formation in the Central and Western Mojave Desert, in northern Los Angeles County and eastern San Bernardino County, in Southern California.[http://seismo.berkeley.edu/~rallen/teaching/S04_SanAndreas/Resources/PunchbowlFieldGuide.pdf Seismo.berkeley.edu: Field Guide to the Punchbowl Fault Zone, at Devil's Punchbowl Los Angeles County Park] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305005856/http://seismo.berkeley.edu/~rallen/teaching/S04_SanAndreas/Resources/PunchbowlFieldGuide.pdf |date=2016-03-05 }}; San Andreas Fault Resources; University of California, Berkeley; by Frederick M. Chester; January 1999.
Areas where it is exposed include at the bases of the northern San Gabriel Mountains and northwestern San Bernardino Mountains, and in the Cajon Pass between them.[http://archives.datapages.com/data/pacific/data/067/067001/17_ps0670017.htm San Bernardino County Museum: "Miocene Faunas in the Lower Crowder Formation"], by R.E. Reynolds, 1984.[https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/282/ Caltech Thesis: "Neotectonics of the north frontal fault system of the San Bernardino Mountains, southern California : Cajon Pass to Lucerne Valley"], Meisling, Kristian Erik (1984), Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology.
Geology
The Crowder Formation was formed during the Pliocene epoch of the Neogene period. The formation was deposited by drainages carrying distinctive volcanic and metamorphic clasts from the Victorville area southward.
It overlies the crystalline San Gabriel Basement Complex in its eastern section, and the San Francisquito Formation in its western section in the Antelope Valley/San Gabriels.{{Citation needed|date=July 2020|reason=https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0522/report.pdf at page 49 suggests Crowder overlies Punchbowl Formation.}}
=Fossils=
The formation preserves fossils of insects, reptiles, rodents, birds, and larger mammals. The species date back to the Miocene and Pliocene epochs of the Neogene period.{{cite web|title= Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database|author= ((Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database))|url= https://www.fossilworks.org|access-date= 17 December 2021}} 29 taxa were collected by the
San Bernardino County Museum from the Cajon Pass area of the Crowder Formation.
See also
{{Portal|California}}
- {{C|Neogene California|Neogene geologic formations in California}}
- List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in California
- Paleontology in California
References
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- "The Physical and Magnetic Stratigraphy of the Miocene Crowder Formation, Cajon Pass, Southern California"; by Douglas Scott Winston, University of Southern California; Los Angeles, 1985.
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Category:Geology of Los Angeles County, California
Category:Geology of San Bernardino County, California
Category:Natural history of the Mojave Desert
Category:San Bernardino Mountains
Category:San Gabriel Mountains
Category:Miocene Series of North America
Category:Pliocene Series of North America
Category:Geologic formations of California
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