Cryptogyny
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Cryptogyny is the recurring phenomenon, throughout history and in most cultures, of hiding women and female references in different spheres of society, especially the most prestigious ones.{{Cite web| last1 = Padilla| first1 = Begonya| last2 = Pozo| first2 = Carles| title = Criptogínia: una paraula nova per a un fenomen antic| work = elDiario.es| format = Portal| accessdate = 2023-06-14| date = 2020-02-05| url = https://www.eldiario.es/comunitat-valenciana/criptoginia-paraula-nova-fenomen-antic_132_1003396.html}}
History
To name this practice, the poet and philologist Begonya Pozo and the philologist Carles Padilla, both senior lecturers at the University of Valencia, coined the term 'cryptogyny' and publicly disseminated it for the first time on February 5, 2020, in an article published in a digital diary.{{Cite journal| doi = 10.7203/qf.0.21983| issn = 2444-1449| volume = 26| pages = 175–192| last1 = Pozo-Sánchez| first1 = Begoña| last2 = Padilla-Carmona| first2 = Carles| title = Criptoginia: una palabra nueva, un concepto para investigar| journal = Quaderns de Filologia - Estudis Lingüístics| accessdate = 2023-06-14| date = 2021-12-20| s2cid = 245472883| url = https://ojs.uv.es/index.php/qfilologia/article/view/21983| doi-access = free}} On November 27 of the same year, the Valencian Academy of Language approved its incorporation into the Valencian Normative Dictionary. Later, on March 8, 2021, the Basque dictionary Elhuyar Hiztegia included the Basque adaptation {{Lang|eu|kryptogyny}}. In other languages, such as Spanish and French, although the term has not yet been made official, it has already been used ({{Lang|es|cryptogyny}} and {{Lang|fr|cryptogynie}}, respectively) in academic fields and on social networks.{{Cite journal| doi = 10.7203/scripta.17.20923| issn = 2340-4841| volume = 17| pages = 540–560| last = Pozo-Sánchez| first = Begoña| title = Les hereves de la poesia de Carmelina Sánchez-Cutillas (o sobre la fractura entre generacions literàries)| journal = SCRIPTA. Revista Internacional de Literatura i Cultura Medieval i Moderna| access-date = 2023-11-24| date = 2021-05-31| url = https://ojs.uv.es/index.php/scripta/article/view/20923| doi-access = free}} In France, for example, in the 2021–2022 academic year, an inter-university seminar on Catalan literature was organized with the title {{Lang|ca|De la cryptogynie à la mediatisation des escrivaines: Felícia Fuster and Carmelina Sánchez-Cutillas}}, about the Catalan-speaking authors Felícia Fuster and Carmelina Sánchez-Cutillas.{{Cite web| last = Institut Ramon Llull| title = Second edition of the inter-University seminar on Catalan literature and cryptogyny| work = Ramon Llull Institute| format = Portal| accessdate = 2023-06-14| date = 2021| url = https://www.llull.cat/english/actualitat/actualitat_noticies_detall.cfm?id=41129&url=segunda-edicion-seminario-interuniversitario-literatura-catalana-y-criptoginia-.htm}}
Terminology
The term 'cryptogyny' is made up of two Greek lexemes, crypto ('hide, hide') and gyné ('woman') that are part of other words, generally cultism, in Catalan and other languages. In fact, the Italian equivalent (the corresponding noun and adjective: cryptogyny or crittogynia and criptogina) can be found in some biology texts in reference to species in which the female or female organs are not externally visible. For example, the mealybug Suturaspis archangelskyae is described as "cryptogenic"{{Cite journal| volume = XXVI| issue = XIII| pages = 31–38| last = Porcelli| first = Francesco| title = Cocciniglie nuove per l'Italia| journal = Frustula Entomol| date = 1990-12-31| url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342424791}} and the 1839 Panlessico Italiano dictionary included the term crittogynia (with the synonym cryptogynia) to describe an aquatic fern in which the sporangium is hidden.{{Cite book| publisher = Girolamo Tasso| last = Bognolo| first = Marco| title = Panlessico Italiano, ossia Dizionario Universale della lingua italiana corredato della corrispondenza delle lingue latina, greca, tedesca, francese ed inglese, diretto da Marco Bognolo| location = Venezia| date = 1839}}
In the scientific field, the minimization or concealment of research and discoveries carried out by female researchers, known as the "Matilda effect", is a case of cryptogyny. By coining the term, Pozo and Padilla wanted to name a phenomenon that was well known in the history of science and in the history of women, because "social conscience is satisfied with actions and omissions, with silences and with words: what is not included in the dictionary apparently does not exist". They consider that the concealment of women's achievements or their underestimation has been symbolic violence that has continued over time.{{Cite journal |last1=Pozo-Sánchez |first1=Begoña |last2=Padilla-Carmona |first2=Carlos |date=2021 |title=Criptoginia: una palabra nueva, un concepto para investigar |url=https://ojs.uv.es/index.php/qfilologia/article/view/21983/19631 |format=pdf |journal=Quaderns de filología. Estudis lingüístics |volume=26 |language=es-ES |issue=26 |pages=175–192 |doi=10.7203/QF.26.21983 |doi-broken-date=1 November 2024 |issn=1135-416X |access-date=February 2, 2022}}