Cundinamarca Department
{{Short description|Department of Colombia}}
{{About||the department from 1820|Cundinamarca Department (1820)|the department from 1824|Cundinamarca Department (1824)}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Cundinamarca Department
| native_name = Departamento de Cundinamarca
| native_name_lang = es
| type = Department
| image_skyline = Páramo_de_Sumapaz.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = The Sumapaz Páramo
| image_map1 = Cundinamarca Topographic 2.png
| map_caption1 = Topography of the department
| image_flag = Flag of Cundinamarca.svg
| flag_alt =
| image_shield = Escudo de Cundinamarca.svg
| shield_alt =
| nickname =
| motto = {{lang|es|Cundinamarca Corazón de Colombia}}
(Spanish: Cundinamarca, Heart of Colombia)
| anthem = Himno de Cundinamarca
| image_map = Cundinamarca in Colombia (mainland).svg
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Cundinamarca is shown in red
| coordinates = {{Wikidatacoord|Q232564|region:CO-CUN_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint =
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Colombia}}
| subdivision_type1 = Region
| subdivision_name1 = Andean Region
| parts_type = Largest city
| parts_style = para
| p1 =
| established_title = Established
| established_date = June 15, 1857
| blank_name_sec1 = Provinces
| blank_info_sec1 = 15
| blank1_name_sec1 = Municipalities
| blank1_info_sec1 =
| founder =
| named_for =
| seat_type = Capital
| seat = Bogotá
| government_footnotes =
| leader_party =
| leader_title = Governor
| leader_name = Jorge Emilio Rey Ángel
(2024-2027)
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = {{Cite web |title=Departamento: Datos generales: Límites |language=es |publisher=Gobernación del Cundinamarca |url=http://www1.cundinamarca.gov.co/gobernacion/Departamento/Datosgenerales/L%C3%ADmites/tabid/118/language/es-ES/Default.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124073151/http://www1.cundinamarca.gov.co/gobernacion/Departamento/Datosgenerales/L%C3%ADmites/tabid/118/language/es-ES/Default.aspx |archive-date=24 January 2013 |url-status=dead |access-date=16 February 2013 }}{{Cite book |author=Kline, Harvey F. |year=2012 |chapter=Cundinamarca, Department of |title=Historical Dictionary of Colombia |publisher=Scarecrow Press |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=BJbjM7yYKmkC&pg=PA157 157] |isbn=978-0-8108-7813-6 }}
| area_total_km2 = 22623
| area_rank = 17th
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_percent =
| area_note =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 3341
| population_total = 3,242,999
| population_as_of = 2020
| population_rank = 4th
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_note =
| demographics_type1 = GDP
| demographics1_footnotes = {{citation |title=Producto Interno Bruto por departamento |url=https://www.dane.gov.co/files/operaciones/PIB/departamental/anex-PIBDep-TotalDepartamento-2022pr.xlsx |website=www.dane.gov.co }}
| demographics1_title1 = Total
| demographics1_info1 = COP 91,946 billion
(US$ 21.6 billion)
| timezone1 = UTC-05
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code_type =
| area_code =
| iso_code = CO-CUN
| blank_name_sec2 = HDI
| blank_info_sec2 = 0.765{{Cite web |url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/ |title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab |website=hdi.globaldatalab.org |language=en |access-date=13 September 2018 |archive-date=23 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923120638/https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/ |url-status=live }}
{{color|#0c0|high}} · 9th of 33
| website = [http://www.cundinamarca.gov.co/ Official website]
}}
Department of Cundinamarca ({{lang|es|Departamento de Cundinamarca}}, {{IPA|es|kundinaˈmaɾka}}) is one of the departments of Colombia. Its area covers {{convert|22623|km2|sqmi}} (not including the Capital District) and it has a population of 2,919,060 as of 2018. It was created on August 5, 1886, under the constitutional terms presented on the same year. Cundinamarca is located in the center of Colombia.
Cundinamarca's capital city is Bogotá, the capital of Colombia. This is a special case among Colombian departments, since Bogotá is not legally a part of Cundinamarca, yet it is the only department that has its capital designated by the Constitution (if the capital were to be ever moved, it would take a constitutional reform to do so, instead of a simple ordinance passed by the Cundinamarca Assembly). In censuses, the populations for Bogotá and Cundinamarca are tabulated separately; otherwise, Cundinamarca's population would total over 11 million.
Etymology
The name of Cundinamarca comes from Kuntur marqa, an indigenous expression, probably derived from Quechuan and means "condor's nest".Diccionario de la Lengua Española. http://dle.rae.es/?id=OMLt42i|OMn573a Consulta el 24 May 2015.Diccionario de la Lengua Española. http://dle.rae.es/?id=OT28kUW Consulta el 24 May 2015.{{cite web |url=http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/historia/descol/comp12a.htm |title=Extensión y limites del territorio de los Chibchas ó Muíscas |work=Compendio Histórico-Descubrimiento y colonización de la Nueva Granada en el siglo décimo-sexto |access-date=18 April 2012 |author=Acosta, Joaquín |year=1848 |publisher=Biblioteca Virtual de la Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango |language=es |archive-date=27 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171227211432/http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/historia/descol/comp12a.htm |url-status=live }}
Geography
Most of Cundinamarca is on the Eastern Cordillera (Cordillera Oriental), just south of Boyacá, bordered by the Magdalena River on the west, reaching down into the Orinoco River basin on the east, and bordering on Tolima to the south. The capital district of Bogotá is nearly completely surrounded by Cundinamarca territory and was formed by carving up Cundinamarca. Because of this and other border changes, the present department of Cundinamarca is much smaller than the original state.
Demography and ethnography
class="wikitable"
! Entity !! Population (2023E){{cite web |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/colombia/cities/ |title=Colombia: Departments & Major Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information }}!! Area (km2) !! Area (square miles) !! Density (per km2) !! GDP (billion US$) | |||||
align="left" |Cundinamarca (without Bogotá) | align="right" | 3,577,200 | align="right" | 22,623 | align="right" | 8,735 | align="right" | 160 | 21.6 |
align="left" |Bogotá | align="right" | 7,968,100 | align="right" | 1,587 | align="right" | 613 | align="right" | 4,909 | 83.9 |
align="left" |Cundinamarca and Bogotá | align="right" | 11,545,300 | align="right" | 24,210 | align="right" | 9,348 | align="right" | 476 | 105.5 |
|type =
|1973 | 1125642
|1985 | 1512928
|1993 | 1875337
|2005 | 2280037
|2018 | 2919060
}}
= Municipalities with over 50,000 inhabitants =
== Municipal population position ==
According to the latest census conducted in 2005, 2,280,037 people live in Cundinamarca, excluding 6,776,009 of the capital, Bogotá.
The city of Bogotá and the municipalities of Soacha, La Calera, Cota, Chía, Madrid, Funza, Mosquera, Fusagasugá, Facatativá and Zipaquirá form a single metropolitan area.
class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" | ||||||
Rank | data-sort-type="number"| City or municipality
!Inhabitants (1985) ! Inhabitants (1993) ! Inhabitants (2005) ! Inhabitants (2015)* ! Inhabitants (2020)* | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Soacha | 132,758 | 254,625 | 401,996 | 511,262 | 567,546 |
2 | Fusagasugá | 63,886 | 82,003 | 108,949 | 134,523 | 147,631 |
3 | Facatativá | 55,324 | 75,711 | 107,463 | 132,106 | 144,149 |
4 | Zipaquirá | 60,202 | 75,166 | 101,562 | 122,347 | 132,419 |
5 | Chía | 38,862 | 55,742 | 97,907 | 126,647 | 141,917 |
6 | Girardot | 81,019 | 90,904 | 97,889 | 105,085 | 107,796 |
7 | Mosquera | 16,505 | 22,250 | 63,237 | 82,750 | 93,461 |
8 | Madrid | 33,795 | 42,584 | 62,436 | 77,627 | 85,090 |
9 | Funza | 31,366 | 41,119 | 61,391 | 75,350 | 82,321 |
10 | Cajicá | 23,618 | 31,316 | 45,391 | 56,875 | 62,713 |
class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right;"
|colspan="7"|Source: [http://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/poblacion/proyepobla06_20/Municipal_area_1985-2020.xls DANE] *projection{{cite book |title=Projections 1985-2020 |date=12 May 2011 |publisher=DANE |location=Bogotá |url=http://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/poblacion/proyepobla06_20/Municipal_area_1985-2020.xls |access-date=30 July 2015 |archive-date=25 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225083021/https://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/poblacion/proyepobla06_20/Municipal_area_1985-2020.xls%20 |url-status=live }} |
== Important cities ==
Cundinamarca is made up of 116 municipalities, six of which recorded a population of over 100,000 and could be considered as cities: Soacha, Fusagasugá, Girardot, Facatativá, Zipaquirá and Chia, while Bogotá District is in the category of capital.
File:Laguna Chisacá - PNN Sumapaz.jpg]]
- Metropolitan Area of Bogotá: Comprises the towns of Soacha, Facatativá, Chia, Madrid, Funza, and Mosquera, among others. Its activities are centered in the industrial sector. Estate activity is important especially in the suburbs closer to Bogotá: Chía, La Calera and Tocancipá.
- Girardot: In the far southwest and bordering Department of Tolima, is the capital of the Upper Magdalena Province. Its main economic activity is trade, as a result of a major tourist dynamics and its proximity to major agricultural areas of Tolima. It has a college and important trade fairs and events.
- Fusagasugá is located between Bogotá and Girardot, and it is an hour of each city. The capital city of the Province of Sumapaz, it is an important focus of agricultural marketing and regional services, standing out as an educational city with a large university and an increasing population trend. Its economy is mainly focused on trade and agricultural marketing, with a significant production of ornamental plants and flowers for export, for which it is known as the garden city of Colombia.
- Zipaquirá: Despite being part of the metropolitan area of Bogotá, it has managed to position itself as one of the most important centers of Colombia's salt mining industry. Its economy is focused on commerce and services.
Other major towns are Ubaté due to high livestock and dairy production. Guaduas, is an important cultural center. Chocontá and Fred are agricultural centers.
Provinces
Cundinamarca has 15 provinces and the Capital District (Bogotá), which simultaneously acts as capital of the Republic, capital of the Department and a separately administered District (or Department) in itself.
File:2018 Cundinamarca - carretera en el valle de Subachoque.jpg valley in Western Savanna Province]]
Tourism
- Chingaza National Natural Park
- La Chorrera Falls, one of the tallest waterfalls in the world
- Cucunubá, wool capital of Colombia
- Lake Guatavita
- Salt Cathedral of Zipaquirá
- Sumapaz Páramo
- Tequendama Falls
- Tominé Reservoir
Sports
The department is home to the basketball team Cóndores de Cundinamarca, which plays its home games in the Coliseo de la Luna in Chía.
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikivoyage|Cundinamarca}}
- {{Cite web |title=Gobernación de Cundinamarca |language=es |publisher=Gobernación del Cundinamarca |url=https://www.cundinamarca.gov.co/home/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115005435/https://www.cundinamarca.gov.co/home/ |archive-date=15 January 2022 }}
{{Departments of Colombia}}
{{Municipalities cundinamarca department}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:1857 establishments in the Republic of New Granada