Cuneus
{{Short description|Region in the occipital lobe of the brain}}
{{other uses}}
{{Infobox brain
| Name = Cuneus
| Latin =
| Image = Sobo 1909 624 - Cuneus.png
| Caption = Medial surface of left cerebral hemisphere. (Cuneus visible at left in red.)
| Image2 = Cuneus.png
| Caption2 = Sagittal MRI slice with the cuneus and lingual gyrus shown in red.
| IsPartOf =
| Components =
| Artery = posterior cerebral artery
| Vein =
}}
The cuneus ({{ety|la||wedge}}; {{plural form}}: cunei) is a smaller lobe in the occipital lobe of the brain. The cuneus is bounded anteriorly by the parieto-occipital sulcus and inferiorly by the calcarine sulcus.
Function
The cuneus (Brodmann area 17) receives visual information from the same-sided superior quadrantic retina (corresponding to contralateral inferior visual field). It is most known for its involvement in basic visual processing. Pyramidal cells in the visual cortex (or striate cortex) of the cuneus, project to extrastriate cortices (BA 18,19). The mid-level visual processing that occurs in the extrastriate projection fields of the cuneus are modulated by extraretinal effects, like attention, working memory, and reward expectation.
Clinical research
In addition to its traditional role as a site for basic visual processing, gray matter volume in the cuneus is associated with better inhibitory control in bipolar depression patients.{{cite journal |vauthors=Haldane M, Cunningham G, Androutsos C, Frangou S |title=Structural brain correlates of response inhibition in Bipolar Disorder I |journal=Journal of Psychopharmacology |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=138–43 |date=March 2008 |pmid=18308812 |doi=10.1177/0269881107082955}}
Pathologic gamblers have higher activity in the dorsal visual processing stream including the cuneus relative to controls.{{cite journal |vauthors=Crockford DN, Goodyear B, Edwards J, Quickfall J, el-Guebaly N |title=Cue-induced brain activity in pathological gamblers |journal=Biological Psychiatry |volume=58 |issue=10 |pages=787–95 |date=November 2005 |pmid=15993856 |doi=10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.04.037|url=https://prism.ucalgary.ca/bitstream/1880/43219/1/Revised_Manuscript_49319.pdf }}
Gallery
File:Cuneus animation small.gif|Position of cuneus(red) of left cerebral hemisphere.
File:Cerebral Gyri - Medial Surface1.png|Medial surface of left cerebral hemisphere. Cuneus is visible at left in green.
File:OccCaptsMedial.png|Infero-medial surface of right cerebral hemisphere. The color brown represents occipital lobe.
File:Slide3ZEN.JPG|Medial surface of right cerebral hemisphere. Cuneus labeled at right.
File:Cuneus - DK ATLAS.png|Cuneus, shown in the right cerebral hemisphere.
File:Cuneus coronal sections.gif|Cuneus highlighted in green on coronal T1 MRI images
File:Cuneus sagittal sections.gif|Cuneus highlighted in green on sagittal T1 MRI images
File:Cuneus transversal sections.gif|Cuneus highlighted in green on transversal T1 MRI images
References
General sources
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Brain|volume=4|pages=391–413|first=Charles Scott|last=Sherrington|author-link=Charles Scott Sherrington}} See p. 397 for reference to "cuneus".
External links
{{Commons category|Cuneus}}
{{Prosencephalon}}
{{Visual pathways}}
{{Authority control}}