Cutaneous myxoma

Cutaneous myxoma appears as a little, slowly expanding dermal or subcutaneous lump that typically affects adults' heads and necks.{{cite book | last=Folpe | first=Andrew L. | title=Diagnostic Surgical Pathology of the Head and Neck | chapter=Soft-Tissue Tumors of the Head and Neck | publisher=Elsevier | year=2009 | isbn=978-1-4160-2589-4 | doi=10.1016/b978-1-4160-2589-4.00008-5 | pages=647–727}} Alopecic lesions have been reported,{{cite journal | last1=Brantsch | first1=K. D. | last2=Metzler | first2=G. | last3=Maennlin | first3=S. | last4=Breuninger | first4=H. | title=A meningioma of the scalp that might have developed from a rudimentary meningocele | journal=Clinical and Experimental Dermatology | publisher=Oxford University Press (OUP) | volume=34 | issue=8 | year=2009 | issn=0307-6938 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2230.2009.03519.x | pages=e792–e794| pmid=19817762 }}{{cite journal | last1=Miyamoto | first1=Toru | last2=Mihara | first2=Motoyuki | last3=Hagari | first3=Yoshitaka | last4=Shimao | first4=Shuhei | title=Primary Cutaneous Meningioma on the Scalp: Report of Two Siblings | journal=The Journal of Dermatology | publisher=Wiley | volume=22 | issue=8 | year=1995 | issn=0385-2407 | doi=10.1111/j.1346-8138.1995.tb03884.x | pages=611–619| pmid=7560462 }} characterized by hair tufts overlaying the lesion or even hypertrichosis.{{cite journal | last=Peñas | first=Pablo F. | title=Cutaneous Heterotopic Meningeal Nodules | journal=Archives of Dermatology | publisher=American Medical Association (AMA) | volume=131 | issue=6 | date=1995-06-01 | issn=0003-987X | doi=10.1001/archderm.1995.01690180111022 | page=731| pmid=7778931 }} Although usually painless, some people have reported experiencing discomfort or tenderness.{{cite journal | last1=DA | first1=Lopez | last2=DN | first2=Silvers | last3=EB | first3=Helwig | title=Cutaneous meningiomas--a clinicopathologic study | journal=Cancer | date=1974 | volume=34 | issue=3 | pages=728–744 | issn=0008-543X | pmid=4851231 | doi=10.1002/1097-0142(197409)34:3<728::aid-cncr2820340332>3.0.co;2-u | url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4851231/ | access-date=2024-04-26 }}{{cite journal | last1=Ragoowansi | first1=Raj | last2=Thomas | first2=Valerie | last3=Powell | first3=Barry | title=Cutaneous meningioma of the scalp: a case report and review of literature | journal=British Journal of Plastic Surgery | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=51 | issue=5 | year=1998 | issn=0007-1226 | doi=10.1054/bjps.1997.0204 | pages=402–404| pmid=9771369 }} A pedunculated lesion was reported.{{cite journal | last1=GELLI | first1=M.C. | last2=PASQUINELLI | first2=G. | last3=MARTINELLI | first3=G. | last4=GARDINI | first4=G. | title=Cutaneous meningioma: histochemical, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural investigation | journal=Histopathology | publisher=Wiley | volume=23 | issue=6 | year=1993 | issn=0309-0167 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2559.1993.tb01248.x | pages=576–578| pmid=7508881 }}

Cutaneous myxoma may occur in isolation or in association with syndromes such as nevi, atrial myxoma, myxoid neurofibromas, and ephelides (NAME) syndrome, Carney complex, and lentigines, atrial myxoma, mucocutaneous myxomas, and blue nevi (LAMB) syndrome.{{cite journal | last1=Sharma | first1=Anurag | last2=Khaitan | first2=Neha | last3=Ko | first3=Jennifer S. | last4=Bergfeld | first4=Wilma F. | last5=Piliang | first5=Melissa | last6=Rubin | first6=Brian P. | last7=Goldblum | first7=John R. | last8=Billings | first8=Steven D. | title=A clinicopathologic analysis of 54 cases of cutaneous myxoma | journal=Human Pathology | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=120 | year=2022 | issn=0046-8177 | doi=10.1016/j.humpath.2021.12.003 | pages=71–76| pmid=34968506 }}

A thin arborizing vascular network, a large myxoid stroma, mild to moderate cellularity with spindled to stellate cells with little or mild atypia, and the lack of nuclear pleomorphism or mitotic activity are among the histologic markers that are consistently present in cutaneous myxoma.

Alopecia areata, verrucous hamartoma, cyst, fibroma, glioma, hemangioma, lipoma, scar, and nevus sebaceous are only a few of the many conditions included in the extensive clinical differential diagnosis.{{cite journal | last1=Miedema | first1=Jayson R. | last2=Zedek | first2=Daniel | title=Cutaneous Meningioma | journal=Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine | publisher=Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine | volume=136 | issue=2 | date=2012-02-01 | issn=0003-9985 | doi=10.5858/arpa.2010-0505-rs | pages=208–211| pmid=22288971 }}

The main treatment for cutaneous myxoma is complete surgical excision.{{cite journal | last1=Ouazzani | first1=A. | last2=de Fontaine | first2=S. | last3=Berthe | first3=J.-V. | title=Extracranial meningioma and pregnancy: a rare diagnosis | journal=Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=60 | issue=6 | year=2007 | issn=1748-6815 | doi=10.1016/j.bjps.2006.01.054 | pages=622–625| pmid=17485048 }}

• Myxoma
• Skin lesion

{{reflist}}

• {{cite journal | last1=Iida | first1=Ken | last2=Egi | first2=Takeshi | last3=Shigi | first3=Masato | last4=Sogabe | first4=Yusuke | last5=Ohashi | first5=Hirotsugu | title=Cutaneous Myxoma of Multiple Lesions | journal=Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open | publisher=Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) | volume=7 | issue=2 | year=2019 | issn=2169-7574 | doi=10.1097/gox.0000000000002040 | page=e2040 | pmid=30881822 | ref=none| pmc=6416110 }}
• {{cite journal | last1=Alaiti | first1=Samer | last2=Nelson | first2=Fern P. | last3=Ryoo | first3=Jei W. | title=Solitary cutaneous myxoma | journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=43 | issue=2 | year=2000 | issn=0190-9622 | doi=10.1067/mjd.2000.101878 | pages=377–379 | pmid=10901728 | ref=none}}

• [https://www.visualdx.com/visualdx/diagnosis/cutaneous+myxoma?diagnosisId=54751&moduleId=101 VisualDx]
• [https://dermnetnz.org/topics/myxoma-syndrome Myxoma syndrome] - DermNet

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{{Soft tissue tumors and sarcomas}}

Category:Dermal and subcutaneous growths