Cyclone-4M

The Cyclone-4M is derived from the Tsyklon-4, which started its life as an all-hypergolic three-stage-to-orbit expendable launch vehicle planned for launch from a proposed site at the Alcântara Launch Center in Brazil. However, Brazil backed out of the partnership with Ukraine in 2015, citing concerns over the project budget, the ongoing financial situation in both countries, and the future of the commercial launch market.{{Cite web |url=http://spacenews.com/brazil-pulling-out-of-ukrainian-launcher-project/ |title=Brazil Pulling Out of Ukrainian Cyclone-4 Launcher Project |work=SpaceNews |first=Peter B. |last=de Selding |date=16 April 2015 |access-date=9 April 2016}} In March 2017, Canadian company Maritime Launch Services announced plans to begin launching a modified version, the Cyclone-4M, which features a Zenit-derived LOX{{\}}RP-1 first stage in place of the originally planned R-36 ICBM-based first- and second-stage.

In November 2021, Maritime Launch Services CEO Stephen Matier stated that Nanoracks was to be the first client to fly a payload on the Cyclone-4M.{{Cite web |last=Doucette |first=Keith |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/canso-spaceport-first-payload-client-1.6258054 |title=Proposed N.S. spaceport announces payload client for 1st rocket launch |work=CBC News |date=22 November 2021 |access-date=10 December 2022}}

This new first-stage design would use four kerolox engines derived from the RD-120 used on the second stage of the Zenit. The standard RD-120, however, while manufactured in Ukraine, uses a number of Russian-made components which would have to be replaced with Ukrainian-made equivalents. It is also planned to fit each of these engines with a gimballing mechanism for steering (in the Zenit second stage the RD-120 is fixed to the frame while an RD-8 four-nozzle vernier engine takes care of the steering).{{cite web |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/tsyklon4m.html |title=Tsyklon-4M (Cyclone-4M) prepares a move to Canada |website=RussianSpaceWeb |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |date=19 March 2017 |access-date=22 March 2017}}

Cyclone-4M is planned for launch from a site in Canso, Nova Scotia. Construction was originally scheduled to begin in 2018,{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2017/03/14/small-nova-scotia-community-picked-as-launch-site-for-rockets.html |title=Small Nova Scotia fishing community picked as launch site for rockets |work=TheStar.com |agency=The Canadian Press |first=Keith |last=Doucette |date=14 March 2017 |access-date=15 October 2017}}{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/t-minus-1-year-until-rocket-launch-site-construction-starts-in-nova-scotia-1.4023808 |title=T-minus 1 year until rocket launch site construction starts in Nova Scotia |work=CBC News |first1=Brett |last1=Ruskin |first2=Cassie |last2=Williams |date=14 March 2017 |access-date=18 March 2017}}{{cite news |url=https://spaceq.ca/maritime-launch-services-selects-nova-scotia-site-for-spaceport-over-13-other-locations/ |title=Exclusive: Maritime Launch Services Selects Nova Scotia Site for Spaceport Over 13 Other Locations |work=SpaceQ |first=Marc |last=Boucher |date=14 March 2017 |access-date=18 March 2017}} but repeated delays have pushed the start of construction to no earlier than late 2021.{{cite web |last=Golubeva |first=Alena |url=https://gmk.center/interview/maksim-degtyarev-spros-na-vyvedenie-gruzov-na-orbitu-budet-rasti/ |title=Максим Дегтярев: "Спрос на выведение грузов на орбиту будет расти" |trans-title=Maxim Degtyarev: "The demand for placing cargo into orbit will grow" |work=GMK Center |date=9 April 2021 |access-date=11 May 2021 |language=ru |quote=Компания получила разрешение, оформляет документы на получение земельного участка и уже в текущем году рассчитывает начать строительные работы. Сколько времени уйдет на строительство космодрома? – Три-четыре года. [The company has received permission, and is preparing documents for obtaining a land plot and expects to start construction work this year. How long will it take to build the cosmodrome? – Three or four years.]}} The second stage completed qualification tests in October 2019.{{cite press release |url=https://www.maritimelaunch.com/news/2019-10-21/cyclone-4m-fully-integrated-upper-stage-performs-successful-qualification-test |title=Cyclone 4M fully integrated upper stage performs successful qualification test |publisher=Yuzhnoye Design Office and Maritime Launch Services |date=21 October 2019 |access-date=1 December 2019}} Construction at Canso finishes in 2024 or 2025; as of December 2022, the maiden flight of Cyclone-4M will take place in 2025. It is planned to launch up to 8 times per year.{{Cite web |last=Rochereuil |first=Chloé |url=https://www.france24.com/fr/20170320-le-canada-ouvrira-premiere-base-lancement-spatiale-dici-2020|title=Le Canada ouvrira sa première base de lancement spatiale d'ici 2020 |trans-title=Canada will open its first space launch base by 2020 |website=France 24 |date=20 March 2017 |access-date=3 June 2020 |language=fr}}

By 2024, due to Russia's full scale invasion of Ukraine the launch site in Nova Scotia will not see a launch of the Cyclone.{{cite web | title=Canada strikes deal to use U.S. space tech, clearing way for rocket launch pad in N.S. | website=Yahoo News | date=2024-08-02 | url=https://ca.news.yahoo.com/canada-strikes-deal-u-space-160536395.html | access-date=2025-02-27}}

{{reflist}}

• {{Official website|http://www.maritimelaunch.com}}

{{Ukrainian launch vehicles|state=expanded}}

{{Expendable launch systems}}

Category:Space launch vehicles of Ukraine

Category:Proposed space launch vehicles

Category:Yuzhmash space launch vehicles