Cymopterus
{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Cymopterus newberryi 1.jpg
|image_caption = Cymopterus newberryi
|taxon = Cymopterus
|authority = Raf.
|display_parents = 2
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = See text.
|synonyms =
{{Species list
|Aletes|J.M.Coult. & Rose
|Aulospermum|J.M.Coult. & Rose
|Coloptera|J.M.Coult. & Rose
|Coriophyllus|Rydb.
|Epallageiton|Koso-Pol.
|Leptocnemia|Nutt.
|Oreoxis|Raf.
|Pseudocymopterus|J.M.Coult. & Rose
|Pseudopteryxia|Rydb.
|Pseudoreoxis|Rydb.
|Pteryxia|Nutt.
}}
}}
Cymopterus is a genus of perennial plants in the family Apiaceae native to western North America. They are commonly known as the spring parsleys[http://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile?symbol=CYMOP2 Cymopterus.] USDA PLANTS. and are edible. They are mostly stemless, taprooted perennial herbs with leaves at ground level and flowering scapes bearing yellow, white, or purple flowers.[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_IJM.pl?tid=21654 Cymopterus.] The Jepson eFlora 2013.
Taxonomy
The taxonomy of this genus was described as confused in 2004, even after many decades of study.Sun, F. and S. R. Downie. (2004). [http://www.life.illinois.edu/downie/Sun.pdf A molecular systematic investigation of Cymopterus and its allies (Apiaceae) based on phylogenetic analyses of nuclear (ITS) and plastid (rps16 intron) DNA sequences.] South African Journal of Botany 70(3), 407-16. Authors have organized it in different ways, sometimes including several closely related Apiaceae genera within it. Genera recently segregated from Cymopterus include Vesper, six plants with morphological characters that are well-defined and easily separated from Cymopterus; the group has been separated before, but was reintegrated during repeated reorganizations of the genus.Hartman, R. L. and G. L. Nesom. (2012). [http://www.phytoneuron.net/94PhytoN-Vesper.pdf Taxonomy of the genus Vesper (Apiaceae).] Phytoneuron 94 1-9. The number of accepted species has varied between about 50 to about 35.Downie, S. R., et al. (2002). [http://www.life.illinois.edu/downie/Downie2.pdf Polyphyly of the spring-parsleys (Cymopterus): molecular and morphological evidence suggests complex relationships among the perennial endemic genera of western North American Apiaceae.] Canadian Journal of Botany 80(12), 1295-1324.
=Species=
File:Cymopterus acaulis (4008260594) (2).jpg]]
File:Cymopterus nivalis (4730490560).jpg]]
{{As of|2022|December}}, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:{{cite web |title=Cymopterus Raf.. |work=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002475-2 |access-date=2022-12-26 }}
- Cymopterus aboriginum M.E.Jones – Indian parsnip, Indian springparsley
- Cymopterus alpinus A.Gray
- Cymopterus anisatus A.Gray
- Cymopterus basalticus M.E.Jones – basalt springparsley
- Cymopterus beckii S.L.Welsh & Goodrich – featherleaf springparsley
- Cymopterus cinerarius A.Gray – gray springparsley
- Cymopterus crawfordensis K.Moon, S.L.Welsh & Goodrich
- Cymopterus davidsonii (J.M.Coult. & Rose) R.L.Hartm.
- Cymopterus davisii R.L.Hartm. – Davis' springparsley
- Cymopterus deserticola Brandegee – desert springparsley
- Cymopterus douglassii R.L.Hartm. & Constance – Douglass' springparsley
- Cymopterus duchesnensis M.E.Jones – Duchesne biscuitroot, Uinta Basin springparsley
- Cymopterus evertii R.L.Hartm. & R.S.Kirkp. – Evert's springparsley
- Cymopterus gilmanii C.V.Morton – Gilman's springparsley
- Cymopterus glaucus Nutt. – smooth springparsley, waxy springparsley
- Cymopterus globosus (S.Watson) S.Watson – globe springparsley
- Cymopterus glomeratus (Nutt.) DC. – plains springparsley
- Cymopterus goodrichii S.L.Welsh & Neese – Goodrich's springparsley, Toiyabe springparsley
- Cymopterus hallii (A.Gray) B.L.Turner
- Cymopterus humilis (Raf.) Tidestr.
- Cymopterus jonesii J.M.Coult. & Rose – Jones' springparsley
- Cymopterus longipes S.Watson – longstalk springparsley, sprawling springparsley
- Cymopterus megacephalus M.E.Jones – largeleaf springparsley
- Cymopterus minimus (Mathias) Mathias – Cedar Breaks springparsley
- Cymopterus newberryi (S.Watson) M.E.Jones – sweetroot springparsley, sticky springparsley
- Cymopterus nivalis S.Watson – snowline springparsley, Elko springparsley
- Cymopterus panamintensis J.M.Coult. & Rose – Panamint springparsley
- Cymopterus petraeus M.E.Jones
- Cymopterus purpureus S.Watson – purple springparsley, Colorado Plateau springparsley, variable springparsley
- Cymopterus ripleyi Barneby – Ripley's springparsley
- Cymopterus rosei (M.E.Jones ex Coult. & Rose) M.E.Jones – Rose's springparsley
- Cymopterus sessiliflorus (W.L.Theob. & C.C.Tseng) R.L.Hartm.
- Cymopterus spellenbergii R.L.Hartm. & J.E.Larson
- Cymopterus terebinthinus (Hook.) Torr. & A.Gray – turpentine wavewing
- Cymopterus williamsii R.L.Hartm. & Constance – Williams' springparsley
=Formerly included here=
- Vesper multinervatus (as Cymopterus multinervatus)
- Vesper purpurascens (as Cymopterus purpurascens)
References
{{commons category|Cymopterus}}
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- Sun, F. J. and S. R. Downie. (2010). [http://www.life.illinois.edu/downie/SunDownie.pdf Phylogenetic relationships among the perennial, endemic Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae of western North America: additional data from the cpDNA trnF-trnL-trnT region continue to support a highly polyphyletic Cymopterus.] Plant Diversity and Evolution 128(1-2), 151-72.
{{Taxonbar|from=Q5199759}}