Cynipini
{{Short description|Tribe of wasps}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Cynips sp beentree.jpg
|image_caption = Cynips sp.
| taxon = Cynipini
| authority = Leach, 1815
}}
Cynipini is a tribe of gall wasps. These insects induce galls in plants of the beech and oak family, Fagaceae.Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., et al. (2009). [http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2009/f/z02200p040f.pdf Revision and phylogenetics of the genus Paraulax Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) with biological notes and description of a new tribe, a new genus, and five new species.] Zootaxa 2200 1-40. They are known commonly as the oak gall wasps.Melika, G., et al. (2013). [http://asiangallwaspproject.yolasite.com/resources/Melika%20et%20al%202013.%20A%20new%20genus%20of%20oakgallwasp,%20Cyclocynips%20Melika,%20Tang%20%26%20Sinclair,%20with%20descriptions%20of%20two%20new%20species%20from%20Taiwan.pdf A new genus of oak gallwasp, Cyclocynips Melika, Tang & Sinclair (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), with descriptions of two new species from Taiwan.] Zootaxa 3630(3), 534-48.
It is the largest cynipid tribe, with about 936Medianero, E. and J. L. Nieves-Aldrey. (2013). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3677371/ Barucynips panamensis, a new genus and species of oak gallwasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) from Panama, and description of one new species of Coffeikokkos.] ZooKeys (277), 25-46. to 1000 recognized species, most of which are associated with oaks. The tribe is mainly native to the Holarctic.
Cynipini wasps can act as ecosystem engineers. Their galls can become hosts of inquilines, and the wasps themselves are hosts to parasitoids.{{cite journal |last1=Hayward |first1=Alex |last2=Stone |first2=Graham |title=Oak gall wasp communities: Evolution and ecology |journal=Basic and Applied Ecology |date=2005-10-05 |volume=6 |issue=5 |pages=435–443 |doi=10.1016/j.baae.2005.07.003 |doi-access=free }}
Most of these wasps undergo cyclical parthenogenesis, sometimes reproducing sexually, and sometimes producing young without fertilization.
|url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.ento.47.091201.145247
|journal=Annual Review of Entomology
|title=The Population Biology of Oak Gall Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)
|last1=Stone
|first1=Graham N.
|last2=Schönrogge
|first2=Karsten
|last3=Atkinson
|first3=Rachel J.
|last4=Bellido
|first4=David
|last5=Pujade-Villar
|first5=Juli
|volume=47
|issue=1
|pages=633–668
|date=January 2002
|doi=10.1146/annurev.ento.47.091201.145247
|pmid=11729087
|accessdate=2021-09-13
|url-access=subscription
}}
Genera
File:Andricus cf. kollari 20090813 1.jpg by Andricus kollari]]
File:Callirhytis quercuspunctata gall.jpg on oak]]
File:Amphibolips quercusinanis gall.jpg gall on oak]]
- Acraspis
- Amphibolips
- Andricus
- Antron
- Aphelonyx
- Atrusca
- Barucynips
- Bassettia {{small|Ashmead, 1887}}{{cite journal|last1=Melika|first1=G.|last2=Abrahamson|first2=W. G.|title=Review of the nearctic gallwasp species of the genus Bassettia Ashmead, 1887, with description of new species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini)|journal=Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae|date=2007|volume=53|issue=2|pages=131–148|url=http://actazool.nhmus.hu/53/2/azh53_2_Melika.pdf}}
- Belizinella
- Belonocnema
- Biorhiza
- Burnettweldia
- Callirhytis
- Cerroneuroterus
- Chilaspis
- CoffeikokkosPujade-Villar, J., et al. (2012). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3293441/ A new genus of oak gallwasp, Coffeikokkos Pujade-Villar & Melika, gen. n., with a description of a new species from Costa Rica (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae).] Zookeys (168), 19–29.
- Cyclocynips
- Cycloneuroterus
- Cynips
- Disholandricus
- Disholcaspis
- Dros
- Druon
- Dryocosmus
- Erythres
- Eumayria
- Eumayriella
- Femuros
- Feron{{Cite journal |last1=Cuesta-Porta |first1=Victor |last2=Melika |first2=George |last3=Nicholls |first3=James A. |last4=Stone |first4=Graham N. |last5=Pujade-Villar |first5=Juli |date=2023-11-07 |title=Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species |url=https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.5366.1.1 |journal=Zootaxa |volume=5366 |issue=1 |pages=1–174 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 |pmid=38220731 |issn=1175-5334|hdl=20.500.11820/8d7cf66b-8011-4572-b520-b8f5d78deae2 |hdl-access=free }}
- Grahamstoneia
- Heteroecus
- Heocynips
- Holocynips
- Kinseyella
- Kokkocynips
- Latuspina
- Loxaulus
- Melikaiella
- Neuroterus
- Neuroandricus
- Nichollsiella
- Odontocynips
- Paracraspis
- Philonix
- Phylloteras
- Plagiotrochus
- Prokius{{Cite Q|Q110301856}}
- Protobalandricus
- Pseudoneuroterus
- Reticulodermis{{Cite journal |last1=García-Martiñón |first1=Rosa D. |last2=Equihua-Martínez |first2=Amando |last3=Venegas |first3=Edith G. Estrada- |last4=Melika |first4=George |last5=Romero-Rangel |first5=Silvia |last6=Cuesta-Porta |first6=Víctor |last7=Pujade-Villar |first7=Juli |date=2024-07-24 |title=Reticulodermis lithogalla gen. nov. and sp. nov. of oak gall wasp from Mexico (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) |url=https://mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.5486.1.4 |journal=Zootaxa |language=en |volume=5486 |issue=1 |pages=109–120 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.5486.1.4 |pmid=39646840 |issn=1175-5334|url-access=subscription }}
- Sphaeroteras
- Striatoandricus{{Cite journal|last1=Cuesta-Porta|first1=Victor|last2=Arnedo|first2=Miquel A.|last3=Cibrian-Tovar|first3=David|last4=Barrera-Ruiz|first4=Uriel M.|last5=Garcia-Martinon|first5=Rosa D.|last6=Equihua-Martinez|first6=Armando|last7=Estrada-Venegas|first7=Edith|last8=Clark-Tapia|first8=Ricardo|last9=Romero-Rangel|first9=Silvia|last10=Pujade-Villar|first10=Juli|date=2020|title=A new genus of oak gall wasp, Striatoandricus Pujade-Villar (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) from America with descriptions of two new Mexican species|journal=Zoological Studies|volume=59|issue=59 |pages=e8|doi=10.6620/ZS.2020.59-08|pmid=32760454|pmc=7396930}}
- Trichagalma
- Trichoteras
- Trigonaspis
- Xanthoteras
- Zapatella
- Zopheroteras
References
{{Wikispecies|Cynipini}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q16467663}}
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