Cystoderma amianthinum
{{Short description|Species of fungus}}
{{stack begin}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Amiant-Körnchenschirmling Cystoderma amianthinum.jpg
| taxon = Cystoderma amianthinum
| authority = (Scop.) Fayod (1889)
| synonyms = *Agaricus amianthinus Scop. (1772)
}}
{{mycomorphbox
| name = Cystoderma amianthinum
| whichGills = adnexed
| capShape = convex
| capShape2 = umbonate
| hymeniumType = gills
| ecologicalType = saprotrophic
| stipeCharacter = ring
| sporePrintColor = white
| howEdible = caution
}}
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Cystoderma amianthinum, commonly called the common powdercap,Siegel, Noah; Schwarz, Christian (September 1, 2024). Mushrooms of Cascadia: A Comprehensive Guide to Fungi of the Pacific Northwest. Humboldt County, CA: Backcountry Press. p. 65. {{ISBN|9781941624197}}. saffron parasol, the saffron powder-cap, or the earthy powder-cap, is a small orange-ochre, or yellowish-brown, gilled mushroom. It grows in damp mossy grassland, in coniferous forest clearings, or on wooded heaths. It is probably the most common of the small genus Cystoderma. It is not recommended for consumption due to its resemblance to poisonous species.
Taxonomy
Cystoderma amianthinum was first noted by the Italian-Austrian naturalist Giovanni Antonio Scopoli, who called it Agaricus amianthinus in 1772. The present generic name Cystoderma was erected by Swiss mycologist Victor Fayod in 1889, and is roughly translated as 'blistered skin', and is probably a reference to the appearance of the pellicle (cap skin).{{citation needed|date=May 2025}}
Description
The cap is between {{convert|1|and|5|cm|in|round=0.5|abbr=on}} in diameter,{{Cite book |last=Audubon |title=Mushrooms of North America |publisher=Knopf |year=2023 |isbn=978-0-593-31998-7 |pages=580}} convex to bell-shaped, and later flat with a slight depression around a low umbo (central boss). It is dry and powdery, often with a shaggy or fringed margin (appendiculate), and is saffron-yellow or orange-ochre. The stem is cylindrical, and has a flaky-granular sheath beneath a fleeting, powdery ring. The gills are white initially, and become creamy later. They are adnexed (narrowly attached to the stem), and initially quite crowded.{{cite book| author = Helmut and Renate Grunert | year = 1992 | title = Field Guide to MUSHROOMS of Britain and Europe | publisher = The Crowood Press Ltd | isbn = 1-85223-592-6| edition = English }} The spore print is white.{{cite book | author = Roger Phillips | year = 2006 | title = Mushrooms | publisher = Pan MacMillan | isbn = 0-330-44237-6|page=138}} The flesh is thin and yellowish, with an odor that is unpleasant or resembles husked corn.{{cite book|last1=Trudell|first1=Steve|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WevHvt6Tr8kC|title=Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest|last2=Ammirati|first2=Joe|publisher=Timber Press|year=2009|isbn=978-0-88192-935-5|series=Timber Press Field Guides|location=Portland, OR|pages=78}}
A very similar form with a markedly radially wrinkled cap, has been separated by some authors, and given the binomial Cystoderma rugoso-reticulatum. Some forms have a whitish yellow cap.
Cystodermella granulosa and Cystodermella cinnabarina are both redder as a rule, and have adnate gills (broadly attached to the stem).
Distribution and habitat
Cystoderma amianthinum is widespread in Europe and North America, and common in northern temperate zones. It occurs in mossy woodland, on heaths, amongst grass or bracken, and sometimes with willow.{{cite book | author = Thomas Laessoe | year = 1998 | title = Mushrooms (flexi bound) | publisher = Dorling Kindersley | isbn = 0-7513-1070-0}} It is often found on acidic soils.{{cite book | author = Regis Courtecuisse and Bernard Duhem | year = 1995 | title = Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and Europe | publisher = Harper Collins | isbn = 0-00-220025-2}}
Edibility
Eating is not advised as the deadly toxic Lepiota castanea is a lookalike.{{Cite book|last=Davis|first=R. Michael|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/797915861|title=Field Guide to Mushrooms of Western North America|last2=Sommer|first2=Robert|last3=Menge|first3=John A.|publisher=University of California Press|year=2012|isbn=978-0-520-95360-4|location=Berkeley|pages=133–134|oclc=797915861}}{{cite book|last=Phillips|first=Roger|url=https://archive.org/details/mushroomsotherfu0000phil|title=Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America|publisher=Firefly Books|year=2010|isbn=978-1-55407-651-2|location=Buffalo, NY|page=[https://archive.org/details/mushroomsotherfu0000phil/page/40 40]|url-access=registration}}
References
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Category:Fungi described in 1772