DB Class 120

{{Infobox locomotive

|name=Deutsche Bundesbahn Baureihe 120

|powertype=Electric

|image=120 105-2 Ü-P und H, 2013.jpg

|caption=120 105-2 with an InterCity from Berlin to Cologne, 2013.

|builder=BBC, Henschel, Krauss-Maffei, Krupp

|builddate = 1979–1980 (120.0)
1987–1989 (120.1)

|totalproduction = 65

|uicclass = Bo′Bo′

|gauge = {{track gauge|sg|allk=on}}

|length = {{Convert|19.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

|locoweight = {{Convert|84.0|t|abbr=on}}

|tractionmotors = Four

|maxspeed = {{Convert|200|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}

|poweroutput = {{Convert|5600|kW|abbr=on|lk=on}}

|tractiveeffort = {{Convert|340|kN|lbf|abbr=on|lk=on}} Max
{{Convert|215|kN|lbf|abbr=on|lk=on}} @{{Convert|92.6|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}

|safety = Sifa, Indusi

|locobrakes = KE-GPR, electric brakes

|trainbrakes = Air

|operator = Deutsche Bundesbahn
Deutsche Bahn AG

|operatorclass = 120

|withdrawndate = 2011 - 2023

|disposition = retired

|electricsystem=15 kV AC railway electrification AC Catenary

|collectionmethod= Pantograph

}}

The DB Baureihe 120 is a class of electric locomotives operated by DB Fernverkehr in Germany. In November 2023, the last locomotives of this series were decommissioned by Deutsche Bahn. A few were sold to private railway companies and are operational.

Background and design

The locomotives' prototypes, delivered in 1979 (Mark 120.0), were one of the first electric locomotives with three-phase motors controlled by thyristor-based power electronics. This principle, mainly devised by the German branch of Swiss-based Brown, Boveri & Cie lay the foundation for all current electric and diesel-electric rail engines. For this, the Mark 120 is often acclaimed as milestone in locomotive technology. They were based on experiments made in the 1970s with diesel-electric test platforms (Mark DE 2500/ DB Mark 202). In Norway, a new four-axle Locomotive, Mark El-17, was launched during 1983 with top speeds up to {{convert|93|mph|km/h}}.

The design was intended to be the first truly universal locomotive, capable of pulling fast passenger trains as well as heavy freight trains. While the electric equipment exceeded expectations, the mechanical part suffered from its lightweight construction necessitated by the heavy electronics of the time.

After extensive tests, a series of 60 locomotives (Mark 120.1) were ordered in 1984 and delivered in 1986–1988. Original plans to build up to 2,000 machines were ultimately ended by German reunification and the politically driven decision to support the economy in the former DDR by procuring the DR 243 (DB BR 143) instead. The 120s went to DB Fernverkehr, the other divisions of Deutsche Bahn ordered locomotives that featured technologies from the 120, but were not direct successors. However, the class 120 locomotive formed the foundation for the power cars of the German high-speed trains ICE 1 and ICE 2

Technical data

class="wikitable" border="1" ! scope="col"\| ! scope="col" \| 120.0 ! scope="col" \| 120.1
General
Operator	DB	=>
Manufacturing year	1979-19xx	1986–1988
Number of manuf.	5	60
Supplier mechanical part	Henschel, Krauss Maffei, Krupp	=>
Supplier electrical part	BBC, Siemens, AEG	=>
Axle arr	Bo-Bo	=>
Weight	{{convert\|84.0\|t\|abbr=on}}	=>
Axle load	{{convert\|21.0\|t\|abbr=on}}	=>
Max tractive eff	{{convert\|340\|kN\|abbr=on}}	{{convert\|340\|kN\|abbr=on}}
Max speed	{{convert\|280\|km/h\|mph\|abbr=on}}	{{convert\|200\|km/h\|mph\|abbr=on}}
Body
Length	{{convert\|19,200\|mm\|ftin\|abbr=on}}	=>
Bogie distance	{{convert\|10,200\|mm\|ftin\|abbr=on}}	=>
Height over pantograph	{{convert\|4,375\|mm\|ftin\|abbr=on}}	=>
Body width	{{convert\|3,000\|mm\|ftin\|abbr=on}}	=>
Coupling	buffers and chain	=>
Surface	smooth steel sheet	=>
Colour	wine-red beige	red, white
Bogies
Track width	{{track gauge\|sg\|allk=on}}	=>
Wheel base	{{convert\|2,800\|mm\|ftin\|abbr=on}}	=>
Wheel diameter, new	{{convert\|1,250\|mm\|in\|2\|abbr=on}}	=>
Primary suspension	coil	=>
Secondary suspension	coil	=>
Brake	shoe, rheostatic, regenerative	shoe, regenerative
Bogie Weight	{{convert\|15.96\|t\|abbr=on}}	=>
Min hor radius	{{convert\|100\|m\|ft\|0\|abbr=on}}	=>
Electrical equipment
Catenary voltage	15 kV	=>
Catenary frequency	16{{fraction\|2\|3}} Hz	=>
Max cont power	{{convert\|4.4\|MW\|abbr=on}}	=>
Traction motor	QD646	BQg 4843
Max power trainheating	{{convert\|900\|kW\|abbr=on}}	=>