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DPH5

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}

{{Infobox_gene}}

Diphthine synthase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DPH5 gene.{{cite journal | vauthors = Liu S, Milne GT, Kuremsky JG, Fink GR, Leppla SH | title = Identification of the proteins required for biosynthesis of diphthamide, the target of bacterial ADP-ribosylating toxins on translation elongation factor 2 | journal = Mol Cell Biol | volume = 24 | issue = 21 | pages = 9487–97 |date=Oct 2004 | pmid = 15485916 | pmc = 522255 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.24.21.9487-9497.2004 }}{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: DPH5 DPH5 homolog (S. cerevisiae)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=51611}}

This gene encodes a component of the diphthamide synthesis pathway. Diphthamide is a post-translationally modified histidine residue found only on translation elongation factor 2. It is conserved from archaebacteria to humans, and is targeted by diphtheria toxin and Pseudomonas exotoxin A to halt cellular protein synthesis.

The yeast and Chinese hamster homologs of this protein catalyze the trimethylation of the histidine residue on elongation factor 2, resulting in a diphthine moiety that is subsequently amidated to yield diphthamide. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

References

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Further reading

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  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 171–4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi=10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB |title=Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=6 |issue= 9 |pages= 791–806 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8889548 |doi=10.1101/gr.6.9.791 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 149–56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi=10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S |title=Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=97 |issue= 7 |pages= 3491–6 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10737800 |doi=10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491 | pmc=16267 |bibcode=2000PNAS...97.3491D |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Lai CH, Chou CY, Ch'ang LY |title=Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=10 |issue= 5 |pages= 703–13 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10810093 |doi=10.1101/gr.10.5.703 | pmc=310876 |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD |title=Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=97 |issue= 17 |pages= 9543–8 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10931946 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.160270997 | pmc=16901 |bibcode=2000PNAS...97.9543H |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY |title=Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=10 |issue= 10 |pages= 1546–60 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11042152 |doi=10.1101/gr.140200 | pmc=310934 |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 |bibcode=2002PNAS...9916899M |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 | pmc=528928 |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y |title=Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=16 |issue= 1 |pages= 55–65 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16344560 |doi= 10.1101/gr.4039406 | pmc=1356129 |display-authors=etal}}

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