Daihatsu C-series engine
{{Short description|Range of internal combustion piston engines}}
The Daihatsu C-series engine is a range of compact three-cylinder, internal combustion piston engines, designed by Daihatsu, which is a subsidiary of Toyota. The engines range from 843 to 993 cc and have been manufactured in petrol and diesel-driven series. They have cast iron engine blocks and aluminum cylinder heads, and are of either SOHC or DOHC design, with belt driven heads. The engine first appeared in the all-new Daihatsu Charade in October 1977, in "CB20" form.{{cite book | title = Car Graphic: Car Archives Vol. 5, '70s Japanese Cars | publisher = Nigensha | year = 2007 | language = Japanese | page = 137 | location = Tokyo | isbn = 978-4-544-09175-5 }}
Most common is the 1-liter CB, which was also available as the diesel CL. There is an 843 cc version called the CD and the extremely rare 926 cc homologation special called the CE.
{{anchor|CB}} CB (993 cc)
The {{convert|993|cc|L cuin|1|abbr=on}} CB engine appeared in October 1977, for the then-new Daihatsu Charade. It features 120 degree crank throws and a counter-rotating balance shaft.{{Citation | first = Jack K. | last = Yamaguchi | editor-last = Lösch | editor-first = Annamaria | journal = World Cars 1978 | title = Successes- Excesses | publisher = The Automobile Club of Italy/Herald Books | location = Pelham, NY | page = 64 | year = 1978 | isbn = 0-910714-10-X }} Bore and stroke are {{convert|76.0|mm|in|abbr=on}} and {{convert|73.0|mm|in|abbr=on}} respectively. It also incorporated mother concern Toyota's lean-burn design to run cleaner.
It was also fitted to the Daihatsu Hijet, sometimes referred to as the "Daihatsu 1000" when equipped with this engine. It was fitted to the S70/75/76 and S85 models. Italy's Innocenti also used this engine for many variants of their Minitre/990/Small range of cars. De Tomaso was also the first to turbocharge this type of engine, first for a Daihatsu show car and later for the Innocenti Turbo deTomaso.
Versions
| class="wikitable" width="70%" style="font-size:88%;" |
| rowspan="2" colspan="2"|
!colspan="3"|Power !colspan="3"|Torque !rowspan="2"|Norm !rowspan="2"|Comp. !rowspan="2"|Fuel !rowspan="2"|Cat !rowspan="2"|Fitment !rowspan="2"|Notes |
|---|
| PS
!kW !at rpm !Nm !lbft !at rpm |
| CB-10{{citation | ref = AR80 | title = Automobil Revue '80 | editor1-last = Braunschweig | editor1-first = Robert | editor2-last = Büschi | editor2-first = Hans-Ulrich | publisher = Hallwag, AG | page = 249 | language = de, fr | location = Berne, Switzerland | volume = 75 | date = 6 March 1980 }}
!rowspan="15"|6V |{{convert|55|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5500 |{{convert|77|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |2800 |rowspan="3"|JIS |8.7 |rowspan="11"|single |rowspan="3"|● |1977.10-1980.10 Charade G10 | |
| CB-11{{cite book | title = 別冊CG: 自動車アーカイヴ 80年代の日本 |trans-title=Car Graphic: Car Archives Vol. 11, '80s Japanese Cars | publisher = Nigensha | ref = CG80 | year = 2007 | language = Japanese | page = 251 | location = Tokyo | isbn = 978-4-544-91018-6 }}
|{{convert|55|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5500 |{{convert|76.5|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |2800 |9.1 |1980.10-1983.01 Charade G10 | |
| CB-12{{citation | type = catalog | page = 8 | title = New シャレード |trans-title=New Charade | language = Japanese | publisher = Daihatsu Motor Co | id = 27870 ① 252.7A 5801KB |date=January 1983 }}
|{{convert|55|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5500 |{{convert|76.5|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |2800 |9.5 |low-powered version |
| rowspan="2"|CB-20
|{{convert|50|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5500 |{{convert|73|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3000 |rowspan="2"|DIN |8.7 |rowspan="2"|– |rowspan="2"|Charade G10 |rowspan="2"|European/export version, |
| {{convert|52|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}}
|5600 |{{convert|75|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3200 |9.0 |
| CB-22
|{{convert|60|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5600 |{{convert|81|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3200 |JIS |9.5 |● |commercial emissions standards, also installed in Taiwanese-built Charades{{cite web | url = https://www.7car.tw/articles/read/46803/ | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20180519030408/https://www.7car.tw/articles/read/46803/ | title = 1988 羽田大發銀翼/祥瑞型錄 | trans-title = 1988 Daihatsu Skywing/Charade Brochure | author = Zeng Yanhao | language = Chinese | date = 2017-12-24 | archivedate = 2018-05-19 | work = 7car }} |
| CB-23
|{{convert|52|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5600 |{{convert|75|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3200 |rowspan="2"|DIN |9.5 |– |Charade G100 |export |
| CB-24
|{{convert|52|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} | |{{convert|75|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} | |9.5 |rowspan="8"|● |1993-96 Charade G202 |Australia only |
| CB-31
|{{convert|60|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5600 |{{convert|80|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3200 |rowspan="7"|JIS |rowspan="2"|9.1 |1979.09-1980.10 Charade G10 | |
| CB-32
|{{convert|60|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5600 |{{convert|81|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3200 |1980.10-1983.01 Charade G10 | |
| CB-33
|{{convert|60|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5600 |{{convert|81|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3200 |rowspan="3"|9.5 |Charade G11 | |
| CB-34
|{{convert|55|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5500 |{{convert|76.5|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |2800 |rowspan="2"|Electronic |1983.01-1985.03 Charade G11 "CF" |Fuel efficiency version |
| CB-35{{citation | type = catalog | page = 24 | title = 新シャレード Gasoline Series |trans-title=New Charade | language = Japanese | publisher = Daihatsu Motor Co | id = 11030 ③ 100A 6003KB |date=March 1985 }}
|{{convert|55|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5500 |{{convert|76.5|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |2800 |1985.03-1987.01 Charade G11 "CX" |EFC-II fuel efficient |
| CB-3680's Car Archives, p. 253
|{{convert|50|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5600 |{{convert|75|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3200 |rowspan="2"|9.5 |rowspan="2"|single | |
| CB-37
|{{convert|55|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5600 |{{convert|78|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3600 |Charade G100 | |
| rowspan="2"|CB-41
!rowspan="3"|6V |{{convert|43|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |rowspan="2"|5200 |{{convert|72.6|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3200 |SAE |rowspan="2"|8.7/9.0/9.1 |rowspan="2"|single carb |rowspan="3"|– |rowspan="2"|1983-86 Hijet S75/S76, 1986–88 Hijet S86, 1993-97 Hijet S85 |rowspan="2"|horizontally mounted, export |
| {{convert|45|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}}
|{{convert|74|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |2400 |rowspan="2"|DIN |
| CB-42
|{{convert|47|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} | | | | |9.5 |EFi |1994.06-98 Hijet S86 |horizontally mounted, export |
| CB-5080's Car Archives, p. 252
!rowspan="4"|6V |{{convert|80|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5500 |{{convert|118|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3500 |rowspan="2"|JIS |rowspan="4"|8.0 |rowspan="4"|single |rowspan="2"|● |1983.09-1987.01 Charade G11 DeTomaso | |
| CB-51{{cite book | ref = AR88 | title = Automobil Revue 1988 | editor-last = Büschi | editor-first = Hans-Ulrich | publisher = Hallwag AG | location = Berne, Switzerland | language = German, French | page = 238 | volume = 83 |date=3 March 1989 | isbn = 3-444-00469-9 }}
|{{convert|73|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5600 |{{convert|108|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3600 |1987.01-1988.02 Charade G100 | |
| CB-60
|{{convert|68|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5500 |{{convert|106|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3200 |rowspan="2"|DIN |rowspan="2"|– |Charade G11 Turbo, Innocenti Turbo DeTomaso |export version, 72 PS in the Innocenti |
| CB-61
|{{convert|68|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5500 |{{convert|106|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3200 |Charade G100 Turbo |export version |
| CB-70
!rowspan="2"|12V |{{convert|105|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |6500 |{{convert|130|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3500 |JIS |rowspan="2"|7.8 |rowspan="2"|EFi |● |1987.01-1993 Charade GTti/GTxx |Intercooler |
| CB-80
|{{convert|101|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |6500 |{{convert|130|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3500 |DIN |○ |Charade GTti (G100) |export version |
| rowspan="2"|CB-90
!rowspan="2"|6V |{{convert|54|PS|kW|0|disp=tablecen}} |5750 |{{convert|80|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3000 |CEE |rowspan="2"|9.5 |rowspan="2"|EFi |rowspan="2"|● |1987-1993 Charade G100 |
| {{convert|53|hp|kW|0|disp=tablecen}}
|5200 |{{convert|78.5|Nm|lbft|0|disp=tablecen}} |3600 |SAE |1989.10-1992 Charade G100 |style="background-color:#FAFAD2" |USA, power figures in "hp" |
{{anchor|CD}} CD (843 cc)
The 843 cc CD engine was usually fitted in export market Daihatsu Hijets (also known as the "Daihatsu 850").{{cite web | title = Daihatsu Car Parts | url = http://www.japarts.co.uk/shop/Car_Parts/?make=DAIHATSU | publisher = Japarts Limited | accessdate = 2013-09-27 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121110064729/http://www.japarts.co.uk/shop/Car_Parts/?make=DAIHATSU | archive-date = 2012-11-10 | url-status = dead }} Bore and stroke are {{convert|70.0|mm|in|abbr=on}} and {{convert|73.0|mm|in|abbr=on}} respectively. Chile (and possibly other markets) also received this engine in the Daihatsu Charade, called the "G20" or "G21" when thus equipped.
{{anchor|CE}} CE (926 cc)
The CE engine is turbocharged 926 cc version of 993 cc CB engine, exclusively only for Daihatsu Charade 926 Turbo. The displacement was downsized by reducing the bore size from 76.0 mm to 73.4 mm (73.4 mm x 73.0 mm), this has to be done because of FIA homologation regulation at that time. Daihatsu wanted to take part in the World Rally Championship for cars under 1,300 cc (Group B/9), so with a 1.4 equivalence factor for forced induction engines, this meant that the downsized engine was classified as being of 1296.4 cc.{{cite web |url=https://rallygroupbshrine.org/the-group-b-cars/rally-cars/daihatsu-charade-926-turbo/|title=Daihatsu Charade 926 Turbo (Group B)| first = Jay | last = Auger | publisher=Rally Group B Shrine|date=2016-01-18|accessdate=2020-04-09}}
In 1985, at the Tokyo Motor Show, Daihatsu introduced the 926R, a prototype of a mid engine Charade, developed together with De Tomaso. This race specification CE engine was built in DOHC 12-valve configuration, producing {{convert|120|PS|hp kW|1|abbr=on}} @6500rpm and {{convert|147|N.m|kg.m lbf.ft|1|abbr=on}} @3500rpm. However, because of significant crashes in the 1985 World Rally Championship, Group B was banned and the 926R project was cancelled.
Only 200 units homologation limited Charade 926 Turbo road car were built by Daihatsu, but the CE engine that was fitted in this car was the SOHC 6-valve version based from bored-down CB50 turbo engine and only producing {{convert|76|PS|hp kW|1|abbr=on}} @5500rpm and {{convert|108|N.m|kg.m lbf.ft|1|abbr=on}} @3500rpm.
{{clear}}
{{anchor|CL}} CL (993 cc diesel)
File:Daihatsu CL-50 engine.jpg CL50 engine]]
File:Innocenti 990 diesel SL rear.JPG
The diesel version of the CB shares that engine's dimensions, for {{convert|993|cc|L cuin|1|abbr=on}}. It appeared in 1983, along with the second generation of the Daihatsu Charade.{{cite book | last = Ruiz | first = Marco | title = 'The Complete History of the Japanese Car: 1907 to the Present | publisher = ERVIN srl | location = Rome | year = 1986 | page = 123 | isbn = 0-517-61777-3 }} There was also the CL50, a turbocharged version producing {{convert|50|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}}. This engine was also used in the Innocenti 990 diesel.