Dalbergia oliveri
{{Short description|Species of legume}}
{{Speciesbox
|image = 紅酸枝(奧氏黃檀) Dalbergia oliveri -香港迪欣湖 Inspiration Lake, Hong Kong- (15009174622).jpg
|status = CR
|status_system = IUCN3.1
|genus = Dalbergia
|species = oliveri
|authority = Gamble ex Prain
|synonyms = *Amerimnon bariense Pierre
- Amerimnon dongnaiense Pierre
- Amerimnon duperreanum Pierre
- Amerimnon mammosum Pierre
- Dalbergia bariensis Pierre
- Dalbergia dongnaiensis Pierre
- Dalbergia duperreana Pierre
- Dalbergia mammosa Pierre
- Dalbergia laccifera Laness.{{cite web|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/ild-46453|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species|access-date=8 October 2020}}
- Dalbergia prazeri Prain
|synonyms_ref = [https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490372-1 Plants of the World Online (retrieved 8 October 2020)]
}}
Dalbergia oliveriGamble JS ex Prain D (1897) J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 66: 451. is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae which grows in tree form to 15 – 30 meters in height (up to 100 ft.). The fruit is a green pod containing one to two seeds which turn brown to black when ripe. It is threatened by habitat loss and over-harvesting for its valuable red "rosewood" timber.
University of Oxford published the transcriptomes of Dalbergia oliveri and five other Dalbergia spp.{{Cite journal|last1=Hung|first1=Tin Hang|last2=So|first2=Thea|last3=Sreng|first3=Syneath|last4=Thammavong|first4=Bansa|last5=Boounithiphonh|first5=Chaloun|last6=Boshier|first6=David H.|last7=MacKay|first7=John J.|date=2020-10-20|title=Reference transcriptomes and comparative analyses of six species in the threatened rosewood genus Dalbergia|journal=Scientific Reports|language=en|volume=10|issue=1|pages=17749|doi=10.1038/s41598-020-74814-2|pmid=33082403|pmc=7576600|bibcode=2020NatSR..1017749H|issn=2045-2322|doi-access=free}} It was found that D. oliveri had more R genes than the co-occurring Dalbergia cochinchinensis.
Distribution naming and synonyms
The trees are found in Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam. Common names in S.E. Asia are: Cambodian: "Neang Nuon", Thai: "Mai Ching Chan" (ไม้ชิงชัน), Laos: "Mai Kham Phii" (ໄມ້ຄຳພີ), Myanmar: "tamalan" (တမလန်း).
In Vietnamese cẩm lai or trắc lai is a generic name for "rosewood" trees. Based at the Saigon Botanic Gardens, the French botanist JBL Pierre described a number of local variations in tree dimensions and characteristics of seed pods (which are usually glabrous).Phạm Hoàng Hộ (1999) Cây Cỏ Việt Nam: an Illustrated Flora of Vietnam vol. I publ. Nhà Xuẩt Bản Trẻ, HCMC, VN. Species he named are now considered to be synonyms:
- Dalbergia bariensis: cẩm lai bông, cẩm lai Bà Rịa – 15-20 m trees – pods 25 x 120mm, usually 1 seeded
- Dalbergia dongnaiensis: cẩm lai Ðồng Nai – 10-15 m trees – pods 30-45 x 100-110mm, 1 seed
- Dalbergia duperreana: trắc (Cambodia) – 10-20 m trees – pods 27-40 x 120mm
- Dalbergia mammosa: cẩm lai vú - 20 m trees – pods 22 x 100mm, not narrowing on 1-2 seeds
- Dalbergia olivieri: cẩm lai bông - 25 m trees – pods 17 x 60-80mm, 1 or 2 (rarely 3) seeds
Uses
The wood of this rosewood-family tree is valuable for ornamental work including Woodturning and furniture. The sapwood is yellowish-white with dark brown heartwood. The heartwood is very hard and heavy. The lumber is sold under the names Burmese rosewood, Laos rosewood, and Asian rosewood.
In contrast to the co-occurring Dalbergia cochinchinensis, Dalbergia oliveri avoids drought by chlorophyll content and compromise productivity. Its isohydric behaviour suggests it is suitable to be grown in deciduous forests.{{Cite journal|last1=Hung|first1=Tin Hang|last2=Gooda|first2=Rosemary|last3=Rizzuto|first3=Gabriele|last4=So|first4=Thea|last5=Thammavong|first5=Bansa|last6=Tran|first6=Hoa Thi|last7=Jalonen|first7=Riina|last8=Boshier|first8=David H.|last9=MacKay|first9=John J.|title=Physiological responses of rosewoods Dalbergia cochinchinensis and D. oliveri under drought and heat stresses|journal=Ecology and Evolution|year=2020|volume=10|issue=19|language=en|pages=10872–10885|doi=10.1002/ece3.6744|pmid=33072302|pmc=7548189|issn=2045-7758|doi-access=free}}
Dalbergia oliveri at Kepong Botanical Garden 20230625 112920.jpg|Tree
Dalbergia oliveri at Kepong Botanical Garden 20230625 112857.jpg|Leaf
Dalbergia oliveri at Kepong Botanical Garden 20230625 112904.jpg|Bark
References
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q1930212|from2=Q5210247|from3=Q15531839|from4=Q15472606|from5=Q1388262}}