Daniel Bissell (spy)
{{Distinguish | Daniel Bissell (general) }}
{{short description|American soldier and spy}}
{{Infobox spy
| image= MeritBadge.jpg
| image_size= 250px
| caption= Sergeant Daniel Bissell was awarded the Badge of Military Merit by General George Washington in June 1783
| name = Daniel Bissell
| allegiance = {{Flag|United States of America|1795}}
| service = {{Flagicon image|Gadsden flag.svg}} Continental Army
{{Flag|United States Army|1795}}
| serviceyears =1776-1783, 1799-1800
| rank = First Lieutenant
| agency= 16th Infantry Regiment
| operation = Undercover in the British Army
| awards = Badge of Military Merit
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1754|12|30}}
| birth_place = Windsor, Hartford County, Connecticut Colony
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1824|8|21|1754|12|30}}
| death_place = Richmond, New York
| death_cause =
| buried = Allens Hill Cemetery
| height =
| nationality = American
| religion =
| parents = Daniel and Elizabeth Bissell
| spouse =
| children =
| occupation =
| alma_mater =
| signature =
}}
Daniel Bissell (December 30, 1754 – August 21, 1824) was a soldier and spy for the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. Bissell joined the British Army for 13 months and passed intelligence information to the Continental Army. For his efforts, Bissell was awarded the Badge of Military Merit by General George Washington.
Early life
He was the son of Daniel and Elizabeth Bissell{{cite web| url = http://ncohistory.com/files/RemarkableSgts.pdf| title = Remarkable Sergeants| accessdate = 2003-03-30| year = 2003| publisher = NCOHistory.com| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071126203759/http://ncohistory.com/files/RemarkableSgts.pdf| archive-date = 2007-11-26| url-status = dead}} and was born in Windsor, Hartford County, Connecticut Colony (now East Windsor) in 1754.
Role in the American Revolution
On April 1, 1776, signed on for the duration as a corporal in the 5th Connecticut Regiment.{{cite book |title=The legacy of the Purple Heart. |year=2001 |publisher=Turner Pub. Co |isbn=9781563117237|pages=19 |edition=4th., rev}} He became a sergeant on September 1, 1777, and ended the war with the 2nd Connecticut Regiment.
Under the direct orders of General George Washington, Bissell posed as a deserter in the city of New York from August 14, 1781, to September 29, 1782. He realized that to get the information Washington needed, he would have to join the British Army: for 13 months, he served in the British Infantry Corps led by Benedict Arnold. Bissell memorized everything he was able to find out and then made his way back to friendly lines where he was placed under arrest until Washington corroborated his story. Sergeant Bissell was able to furnish valuable information including detailed maps he drew of the enemy's positions. He was to become the last recipient of the Badge of Military Merit in June 1783. Washington is given credit for designing the Purple Heart, but the design originated from an incident of Bissell's. While at a ball with his future wife and Washington, as Bissell was dancing with his wife, he stepped on her purple dress and ripped a piece off. He took the piece of fabric and folded into a heart and told his wife to hold onto it. When Washington learned of this, it inspired the idea to make the Purple Heart. This was published in a book that follows multiple families that are documented past the 1400s, one of which includes the Bissells. The award was lost in a house fire in 1813.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}}
After the Revolutionary War
During the Quasi War with France, Bissell served in the US Army. He was commissioned a First Lieutenant in the 16th Infantry Regiment on March 3, 1799, and was discharged on June 15, 1800.
Bissell died in 1824 in Richmond, New York, where he is buried in Allens Hill Cemetery. His tombstone is inscribed, "In memory of Daniel Bissell, Who died August 21st, 1824, Aged 70 Years, He had the confidence of Washington and served under him."{{cite web|url=https://www.infantry.army.mil/museum/off_site_tour/case136.htm |title=National Infantry Museum |accessdate=2006-07-09 |year=2006 |publisher=U.S. Army Infantry |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070624184058/https://www.infantry.army.mil/museum/off_site_tour/case136.htm |archivedate=2007-06-24 }}
{{Portal|Biography}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114123526/https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/books-and-monographs/intelligence/pers.html Intelligence in the War of Independence]
- {{Find a Grave|9548118|accessdate=2008-07-25}}
- [https://archive.today/20121212205202/http://www.history.army.mil/html/reference/purhrt.html Page on the badge of military merit/the purple heart] at the United States Army Center of Military History
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bissell, Daniel}}
Category:Continental Army soldiers
Category:People of Connecticut in the American Revolution
Category:People from East Windsor, Connecticut