Danionella cerebrum

{{Short description|New fish species identified from Myanmar}}

{{Speciesbox

| image = Danionella cerebrum.jpg

| taxon = Danionella cerebrum

| authority = Britz, Conway & Rüber, 2021

}}

Danionella cerebrum is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Danionidae. This fish was reported in 2021 from turbid low altitude streams on the southern and eastern slopes of the Bago Yoma mountain range in Myanmar as well as from an irrigation canal southwest of the town of Hmawbi in Yangon Division.{{Cite journal |last1=Britz |first1=Ralf |last2=Conway |first2=Kevin W. |last3=Rüber |first3=Lukas |date=2021-09-23 |title=The emerging vertebrate model species for neurophysiological studies is Danionella cerebrum, new species (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) |journal=Scientific Reports |language=en |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=18942 |doi=10.1038/s41598-021-97600-0 |issn=2045-2322 |pmc=8460714 |pmid=34556691|bibcode=2021NatSR..1118942B }} It was previously erroneously identified as Danionella translucida due to the close resemblance and similar geographical distribution of the two species.{{Cite journal |last1=Rajan |first1=Gokul |last2=Lafaye |first2=Julie |last3=Faini |first3=Giulia |last4=Carbo-Tano |first4=Martin |last5=Duroure |first5=Karine |last6=Tanese |first6=Dimitrii |last7=Panier |first7=Thomas |last8=Candelier |first8=Raphaël |last9=Henninger |first9=Jörg |last10=Britz |first10=Ralf |last11=Judkewitz |first11=Benjamin |date=2022-03-29 |title=Evolutionary divergence of locomotion in two related vertebrate species |journal=Cell Reports |language=English |volume=38 |issue=13 |page=110585 |doi=10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110585 |issn=2211-1247 |pmid=35354040|s2cid=247810504 |doi-access=free }}{{Cite journal |last1=Schulze |first1=Lisanne |last2=Henninger |first2=Jörg |last3=Kadobianskyi |first3=Mykola |last4=Chaigne |first4=Thomas |last5=Faustino |first5=Ana Isabel |last6=Hakiy |first6=Nahid |last7=Albadri |first7=Shahad |last8=Schuelke |first8=Markus |last9=Maler |first9=Leonard |last10=Del Bene |first10=Filippo |last11=Judkewitz |first11=Benjamin |date=November 2018 |title=Transparent Danionella translucida as a genetically tractable vertebrate brain model |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-018-0144-6 |journal=Nature Methods |language=en |volume=15 |issue=11 |pages=977–983 |doi=10.1038/s41592-018-0144-6 |pmid=30323353 |s2cid=53085675 |issn=1548-7105}} Adult fish of the species measure only 10–13.5 mm in size and have a brain volume of just 0.6 mm³ which is thus far the smallest known adult vertebrate brain.{{Citation |last1=Rajan |first1=Gokul |title=Danionella translucida, a tankful of new opportunities |date=2022 |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128210994000171 |work=Laboratory Fish in Biomedical Research |pages=409–418 |publisher=Elsevier |language=en |doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-821099-4.00017-1 |isbn=978-0-12-821099-4 |access-date=2022-04-14 |last2=Duroure |first2=Karine |last3=Del Bene |first3=Filippo |s2cid=239639509|url-access=subscription }} Danionella cerebrum larvae have been shown to exhibit similarities but also differences in their locomotor activity compared to the zebrafish (Danio rerio) to which they are evolutionary closely related.{{Cite journal |last1=Lindemann |first1=Nina |last2=Kalix |first2=Leon |last3=Possiel |first3=Jasmin |last4=Stasch |first4=Richard |last5=Kusian |first5=Tamia |last6=Köster |first6=Reinhard Wolfgang |last7=von Trotha |first7=Jakob William |date=2022 |title=A comparative analysis of Danionella cerebrum and zebrafish (Danio rerio) larval locomotor activity in a light-dark test |journal=Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience |volume=16 |page=885775 |doi=10.3389/fnbeh.2022.885775 |pmid=35990722 |pmc=9385977 |issn=1662-5153|doi-access=free }}

Due to its miniature size, rich behavioural repertoire, and optical translucency that persists into adulthood, Danionella cerebrum holds great promise for non-invasive whole-brain in vivo imaging analyses with single cell resolution in an adult vertebrate and is beginning to emerge as a novel important model system in current neuroscience research.{{Cite journal |last1=Penalva |first1=Ariadne |last2=Bedke |first2=Jacob |last3=Cook |first3=Elizabeth S. B. |last4=Barrios |first4=Joshua P. |last5=Bertram |first5=Erin P. L. |last6=Douglass |first6=Adam D. |date=2018-10-16 |title=Establishment of the miniature fish species Danionella translucida as a genetically and optically tractable neuroscience model |journal=bioRxiv |url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/444026v1 |pages=444026 |doi=10.1101/444026 |s2cid=91582837|doi-access=free }}{{Cite journal |last1=Kadobianskyi |first1=Mykola |last2=Schulze |first2=Lisanne |last3=Schuelke |first3=Markus |last4=Judkewitz |first4=Benjamin |date=2019-08-26 |title=Hybrid genome assembly and annotation of Danionella translucida |journal=Scientific Data |language=en |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=156 |bibcode=2019NatSD...6..156K |doi=10.1038/s41597-019-0161-z |issn=2052-4463 |pmc=6710283 |pmid=31451709}}

The species makes the loudest sound for its size of any fish, exceeding 140 decibels, using muscles to tension a cartilage; this is released to strike the swim bladder. The sound appears to be used for intraspecific communication, as the loudest few males effectively suppress the sound production of other males.{{cite news |last=McGrath |first=Matt |title=Gills Aloud? Tiny fish found making very big noise |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-68402386 |access-date=27 February 2024 |work=BBC News |date=27 February 2024}}{{Cite journal |last1=Cook |first1=Verity A. N. O. |last2=Groneberg |first2=Antonia H. |last3=Hoffmann |first3=Maximilian |last4=Kadobianskyi |first4=Mykola |last5=Veith |first5=Johannes |last6=Schulze |first6=Lisanne |last7=Henninger |first7=Jörg |last8=Britz |first8=Ralf |last9=Judkewitz |first9=Benjamin |year=2024 |title=Ultrafast sound production mechanism in one of the smallest vertebrates |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |language=en |volume=121 |issue=10 |page=e2314017121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2314017121 |pmid=38408231 |issn=0027-8424|pmc=10927587 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12114017C }} Despite its size, and the physics of sound making interaural cues very small, it has directional hearing.{{cite journal |last1=Veith |first1=Johannes |last2=Chaigne |first2=Thomas |last3=Svanidze |first3=Ana |last4=Dressler |first4=Lena Elisa |last5=Hoffmann |first5=Maximilian |last6=Gerhardt |first6=Ben |last7=Judkewitz |first7=Benjamin |date=2024 |title=The mechanism for directional hearing in fish |journal=Nature |volume=631 |issue=8019 |pages=118–124 |doi=10.1038/s41586-024-07507-9 |issn=0028-0836|doi-access=free |pmid=38898274 |pmc=11222163 |bibcode=2024Natur.631..118V }}