Darlington Power Station
{{short description|British coal-fired power station}}
{{for|the nuclear power plant in Canada|Darlington Nuclear Generating Station}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2014}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2014}}
{{Infobox power station
| name = Darlington Power Station
| image = Darlington Bank Top station geograph-2259696-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg
| image_caption = Darlington railway station with the power station in the background
| name_official = Darlington power station
| coordinates = {{coord|54.5285|-1.5456|region:GB_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| country = England
| location = County Durham, North East England
| status = Decommissioned and demolished
| owner = As operator
| operator = Darlington Corporation
(1900–1948)
British Electricity Authority
(1948–1955)
Central Electricity Authority
(1955–1957)
Central Electricity Generating Board
(1958–1976)
| employees =
| th_fuel_primary = Coal
| ps_cooling_towers = 3
| ps_units_operational = 3 x 20 MW
| ps_units_manu_model =
| ps_electrical_capacity = 57 MW
| ps_electrical_cap_fac =
| ps_annual_generation = 9.527 GWh (1923), 111.58 GWh (1955/6), 131.4 GWh (1971)
| construction_began =
| commissioned = 1900
| decommissioned = 1976
| cost =
| extra = {{gbmapping|NZ295149}}
}}
Darlington power station refers to a series of two coal-fired power stations situated in Darlington in County Durham, North East England.
History
The first station was opened on the town's Haughton Road in 1900. It was positioned alongside the East Coast Main Line for the easy delivery of coal. The station needed replacing in the 1930s, and so a new station was built on the site. The station's construction cost £324,000, but was marred by numerous accidents and deaths. The new station opened in May 1940. It had three large hyperboloid reinforced concrete cooling towers and three brick built chimneys.{{cite web
|title=Power to the people – and soot and dirty washing too
|url=http://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/features/columnists/memories/darlington/4117118.Power_to_the_people_____and_soot_and_dirty_washing_too/
|work=The Northern Echo
|date=11 February 2009
|access-date=29 July 2009
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330125007/http://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/features/columnists/memories/darlington/4117118.Power_to_the_people_____and_soot_and_dirty_washing_too/
|archive-date=30 March 2012
|df=dmy
}} The station had a generating capacity of 57 megawatts (MW).{{cite web
|author = Mr. Redmond
|title = Coal-fired Power Stations
|url = https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/written-answers/1984/jan/16/coal-fired-power-stations#S6CV0052P0_19840116_CWA_281
|work = Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
|date = 16 January 1984
|access-date = 29 July 2009}}
By 1923 the generating plant comprised both AC and DC machinery.{{Cite book|last=Electricity Commission|title=Electricity Supply - 1920-1923|publisher=HMSO|year=1925|location=London|pages=26–29, 272–277}} The AC plant included one 1,000 kW, two 3,000 kW and one 5,000 kW turbo-alternators (a total generating capacity of 12,000 kW). These supplied 3-phase, 50 Hz, AC at 6,000 volt, 230 and 460 volt current and single phase, 50 Hz, AC at 230 and 460 V current. DC current was supplied at 230 and 460 volts from two 250 kW and two 500 kW reciprocating engines and a 500 kW turbo-alternator. In 1923 the maximum load on the system was 6,030 kW from 17,171 connections from consumers. The total number of units sold that year was 9,527,217 kWh raising £53,449. The surplus of revenue over expenses was £25,759.
Upon nationalisation of the British electricity supply industry in 1948 the ownership of Darlington power station was vested in the British Electricity Authority, and subsequently the Central Electricity Authority and the Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB). The electricity distribution and sales functions were vested in the North Eastern Electricity Board.{{Cite book|last=Electricity Council|title=Electricity Supply in the United Kingdom: a Chronology|publisher=Electricity Council|year=1987|isbn=085188105X|location=London|pages=60}}
By the late 1950s the station comprised: Four Babcock and Wilcox and two Clarke Chapman and Company boilers each with an evaporative capacity of 120,000 pounds per hour of steam (15.1 kg/s).{{Cite book|editor-last=Garrett|editor-first=Frederick C. |title=Garcke's Manual of Electricity Supply vol.56|publisher=Electrical Press|year=1959|location=London|pages=A-49, A-119}} There were three 20 MW turbo-alternators. The electricity output was:CEGB Annual report and Accounts, 1961, 1962 & 1963Electricity Commission, Generation of Electricity in Great Britain year ended 31st December 1946. London: HMSO, 1947.
| class="wikitable"
|+Darlington power station output !Year !Electricity output GWh |
| 1946
|259.59 |
| 1953/4
|180.00 |
| 1954/5
|190.76 |
| 1955/6
|111.58 |
| 1956/7
|65.03 |
| 1957/8
|88.58 |
| 1960/1
|184.4 |
| 1961/2
|165.5 |
| 1962/3
|143.1 |
| 1966/7
|177.23 |
In 1962/63 Darlington power station was awarded the Christopher Hinton cup in recognition of good housekeeping. The Hinton Trophy was the equivalent award for the best Transmission District which that year went to the Durham site.{{cite web |title=Presentation of good housekeeping trophies at Darlington power station and Durham transmission section |url=https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/12357bbb-d316-4364-a5ad-be8f28cfc632|website=The National Archives|publisher=Institution of Mechanical Engineers|access-date=2 December 2019|ref=CSAC 116.7.86/K.11}}
In 1971 the station had an installed capacity of 60 MW.{{Cite book|last=CEGB|title=CEGB Statistical Yearbook 1972|publisher=CEGB|year=1972|location=London|pages=15}} The boilers had an output capacity of 720,000 pounds per hour (90.7 kg/s) of steam at 400 psi (27.6 bar) and 399 °C. In 1971 the station delivered 131.4 GWh of electricity.
The Central Electricity Generating Board gave 12 months notification of the station's closure in October 1975.{{cite web
|author = Mr. Eadie
|title = Power Stations
|url = https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/written-answers/1975/dec/05/power-stations#S5CV0901P0_19751205_CWA_441
|work = Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
|date = 5 December 1975
|access-date = 29 July 2009
}} The station closed the following year, on 25 October 1976. The chimneys were taken down by hand in 1978, and the cooling towers were demolished on 28 January 1979. The Station building was demolished in 1979.File:Hinton Cup.JPG
References
{{reflist}}
{{Portal|England|Energy}}
{{commons category}}
{{North East Power Stations}}
Category:Coal-fired power stations in England
Category:Power stations in North East England
Category:Buildings and structures in Darlington
Category:1900 establishments in England
Category:1976 disestablishments in England
Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 1900
Category:Buildings and structures demolished in 1979
Category:Demolished power stations in the United Kingdom
Category:Former coal-fired power stations in the United Kingdom